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●持有书籍便是教养的证据吗?果然如此,谁在教养上足与持有满屋子书籍的书店主人抗衡。路基亚诺斯
平时有机会跟外国伴侣出去吃饭,让你介绍菜肴的时,会不会难以启齿呢,今天教你最全中国菜的英文说法,一块来学习吧。
英语干货
中国菜的英文名
1. 北京烤鸭 Peking Roast Duck
2. 辣子鸡丁 saute diced chicken with hot peppers
3. 宫爆鸡丁 saute diced chicken with peanuts
4. 红烧鲤鱼 braised common carp
5. 竹笋鱼片 saute fish slices with bamboo shoots
6. 涮羊肉 instant boiled sliced mutton
7. 糖醋里脊 pork fillets with sweet&sour sauce
8. 炒木须肉 saute shredded pork with eggs&black fungus
9. 榨菜肉丝汤 pork with Sichuan cabbage soup
10. 生炒肚片 saute fish maw slices
11. 回锅肉 saute pork in hot sauce
12. 糖醋排骨 saute chops with sweet&sour sauce
13. 家常豆腐 fride beancurd with sliced pork&pepper
14. 醋溜白菜 saute cabbage&pepper in sweet&sour sauce
15. 鱼香茄子 saute eggplant with fish flavor
16. 麻婆豆腐 stwed beancurd with minced pork in pepper sauce
17. 韭菜炒蛋 saute leek sprouts&eggs
面食与糕点
Chinese Pastry&Cooked Wheaten Food
1. 肉/鸡丝汤面 noodles in soup with pork/chicken
2. 担担面 noodles with sesame paste&pea sprouts
3. 龙须面 saute fine noodles with shredded chicken
4. 炒米线 saute rice noodles with green bean sprouts
5. 杂酱面 soy beans in minced meat&noodles
6. 酸辣汤面 noodles in sour pungent soup
7. 排骨面 soup noodles with pork rib
8. 阳春面 noodles in superior soup
9. 凉拌面 cool braised noodles
10. 肉包 steamed meat dumpling
11. 豆沙包 bean paste dumpling
12. 水晶包 stuffde bread with lard&sugar
13. 叉烧包 stuffed bread with roast pork
14. 水煎包 lightly fried Chinese bread
15. 花卷 twist
16. 小笼包 steamed small meat dumpling in basket
17. 馄饨 ravioli;hun-tun
18. 大饼 bannock
19. 油条 twistde cruller
20. 豆腐脑 beancurd jelly
21. 茶叶蛋 egg boiled with salt&tea
22. 八宝饭 steamed glutinous rice with eight treasures
23. 葱油饼 baked scallion pancake
24. 黄桥烧饼 crisp short cakes
25. 月饼 moon cake
26. 酒酿 sweet ferment rice
27. 麻花 fried dough twist
28. 元宵 rice glue ball
【 中式早点 】
1. 烧饼 Clay oven rolls
2.油条 Fried bread stick
3. 韭菜盒 Fried leek dumplings
4. 水饺 Boiled dumplings
5. 蒸饺 Steamed dumplings
6. 馒头 Steamed buns
7. 割包 Steamed sandwich
8. 饭团 Rice and vegetable roll
9. 蛋饼 Egg cakes
10. 皮蛋 preservedegg
11. 咸鸭蛋 Salted duck egg
12. 豆浆 Soybean milk
13. 稀饭 Rice porridge
14. 白饭 Steamricev
15. 油饭 Glutinous oil rice
16. 糯米饭 Glutinous rice
17. 卤肉饭 Braised pork rice
18. 蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg
19. 地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee
20. 馄饨面 Wonton & noodles
21. 刀削面 Sliced noodles
22. 麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles
23. 麻酱面 Sesame paste noodles
24. 鸭肉面 Duck with noodles
25. 鳝鱼面 Eel noodles
26. 乌龙面 Seafood noodles
27. 榨菜肉丝面 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles
28. 牡蛎细面 Oyster thin noodles
29. 板条 Flat noodles
30. 米粉 Rice noodles
31. 炒米粉 Fried rice noodles
32. 冬粉 Green bean noodle
33. 爱玉 Vegetarian gelatin
34. 糖葫芦 Tomatoes on sticks
35. 长寿桃 Longevity Peaches
36. 芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesame balls
37. 麻花 Hemp flowers
38. 双胞胎 Horse hooves
【 点心 】
1. 牡蛎煎 Oyster omelet
2. 臭豆腐 Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)
3. 油豆腐 Oily bean curd
4. 麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd
5. 虾片 Prawn cracker
6. 虾球 Shrimp balls
7. 春卷 Spring rolls
8. 蛋卷 Chicken rolls
9. 碗糕 Salty rice pudding
10. 筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding
11. 红豆糕 Red bean cake
12. 绿豆糕 Bean paste cake
13. 糯米糕 Glutinous rice cakes
14. 萝卜糕 Fried white radish patty
15. 芋头糕 Taro cake
16. 肉圆 Taiwanese Meatballs
17. 水晶饺 Pyramid dumplings
18. 肉丸 Rice-meat dumplings
19. 豆干 Dried tofu
汤羹类
Soup
1. 花胶鲍鱼火鸭丝羹 Congee Pike Maw With Roast Duck
2. 红烧鸡丝翅 Chicken Shark’s Fin Soup
3. 竹笙烩生翅 Bamboo Shark Fin Soup
4. 粟米瑶柱羹 Corn with Dry Scallops Soup
5. 竹笙海皇羹 Bamboo Seafood Soup
6. 鸡蓉粟米羹 Corn & Chicken Soup
7. 酸辣汤 Hot & Sour Soup
8. 法国海鲜汤 French Style Seafood Soup
9. 法国杂菜汤 French Style Vegetable Soup
10. 杂锦云吞汤 Combination Won Ton Soup
11. 芥菜肉片咸蛋汤 Mustard Green Salted Egg Soup
12. 火鸭咸蛋芥菜汤 Roast Duck Salt Egg / Mustard Green
13. 西湖牛肉羹 West Lake Beef Soup
14. 三丝烩鱼肚 Fish Soup
15. 蝴蝶海参羹 Sea Cucumber Soup
16. 四宝豆腐羹 Steam Tofu Soup
17. 鱼丸汤 Fish ball soup
18. 贡丸汤 Meat ball soup
19. 蛋花汤 Egg & vegetable soup
20.蛤蜊汤 Clams soup
21. 牡蛎汤 Oyster soup
22. 紫菜汤 Seaweed soup
23. 酸辣汤 Sweet & sour soup
24. 馄饨汤 Wonton soup
25. 猪肠汤 Pork intestine soup
26. 肉羹汤 Pork thick soup
27. 鱿鱼汤 Squid soup
28. 花枝羹 Squid thick soup
饮品类
【 冰 类 】
1. 绵绵冰 Mein mein ice
2. 麦角冰 Oatmeal ice
3. 地瓜冰 Sweet potato ice
4. 红豆牛奶冰 Red bean with milk ice
5. 八宝冰 Eight treasures ice
6. 豆花 Tofu pudding
【 果 汁 】
1. 高粱汁 Sugar cane juice
2.酸梅汁 Plum juice
3. 杨桃汁 Star fruit juice
4. 青草茶 Herb juice
海鲜鱼类
Seafood (Fish)
1. 清蒸游水石斑 Steam Live Rock Cod
2. 清蒸蒜茸带子 Steamd Scallop w/ Garlic Sauce
3. 豉汁煎焗塘虱 Catfish w/ Black Bean Sauce
4. 清蒸龙利 Flounder
5. 清蒸海鲈 Fomfret
6. 蒸金钱片塘虱 Steam Catfish
7. 辣汁串烧鱼 B & Q Fish Stick w/ Hot Sauce
8. 西兰炒雪鱼球 Pan Fried Snow Fish w/ Green
9. 菜远石斑球 Tender Green Rock Cod
10. 豉汁石斑球 Steam Rock Cod w/ Black Bean Sauce
11. 油泡石斑球 Crystal Rock Cod
12. 川味石斑球 Szechuan Rock Cod
13. 骨香石斑球 Fried Rock Cod Bone
14. 咕噜石斑球 Sweet & Sour Rock Cod
15. 鱼腐扒菜胆 Yu Fu w/ Vegetable
16. 法式咖喱焗龙虾 French Curry Lobster
17. 法式芝士牛油焗龙虾 Cheese Lobster
18. 上汤焗龙虾 Special Style Lobster
19. 蒜茸蒸龙虾 Garlic Style Lobster
20. 豉椒炒肉蟹 Crab
21. 上汤姜葱焗蟹 Green Onion Crab
22. 椒盐蟹 Spicy Salt Crab
23. 粉丝咖喱蟹煲 Rice Noodle Curry Crab
24. 菜远虾球 Shrimp with Tender Green
25. 白灼中虾 Boil Shrimp
26. 点桃虾球 Walnut Shrimp
27. 油泡虾球 Crystal Prawn
28. 柠檬虾球 Lemon Prawn
29. 咕噜虾 Sweet & Sour Prawn
30. 蒜茸蒸虾 Steam Prawn w/ Garlic Sauce
31. 四川虾球 Szechuan Shrimp
32. 豆瓣酱鲜鱿 Fresh Squid
33. 虾龙糊 Shrimp w/ Lobster Sauce
34. 韭王象拔蚌 Gold Chive Geoduck
35. 韭王花枝片 Gold Chive Squid
36. 椒盐鲜鱿 Pepper Salt Fresh Squid
37. 豉汁炒三鲜 Mixed Seafood w/ Black Bean Sauce
38. 马拉盏炒鲜鱿 Special Fresh Squid
39. 碧绿炒带子 Tender Green Scallop
40. 双菇鲜带子 Mushroom Fresh Scallop
41. 豉汁炒大蚬 Clam w/ Black Bean Sauce
42. 姜葱生豪 Oyster w/ Ginger, Green Onion
43. 豉汁炒青口 Mussel w/ Black Bean Sauce
44. 豉汁豆腐蒸带子 Tofu Scallop w/ Black Bean Sauce
鸡鸭鸽
Poultry
1. 脆皮炸子鸡(半) Fried Chicken (Half)
2. 红烧石岐项鸽 Roast Pigeon
3. 豉油皇乳鸽 Pigeon w/ Soy Sauce
4. 姜葱油淋鸡 (半)Green Onion Chicken (Half)
5. 北京片皮鸭 Peking Duck
6. 酸甜明炉烧鸭 (半)Roast Duck (Half)
7. 柠檬鸡球 Lemon Chicken
8. 西芹腰果鸡球 Vegetable Cashew Chicken
9. 咖喱鸡 Curry Chicken
10. 豉汁炒鸡球 Chicken w/ Black Bean Sauce
11. 四川炒鸡球 Szechuan Chicken
12. 菜远鸡球 Chicken w/ Tender Green
13. 宫保鸡球 Kung Pao Chicken
14. 豉汁黄毛鸡(半) Chicken w/ Soy Sauce
15. 咕噜鸡 Sweet & Sour Chicken
16. 八珍发菜扒鸭(半) Combination Duck (Half)
17. 子罗炒鸡片 Ginger & Pineapple Chicken
18. 游龙戏凤 Chicken, Shrimp, Squid w/ Mixed Vegetable
19. 龙凤琵琶豆腐 Egg, Chicken, Shrimp, Steam Tofu
猪牛肉类
Meat
1. 酸甜咕噜肉 Sweet & Sour Pork
2. 菜远炒排骨 Spareribs w/ Tender Green
3. 豉椒排骨 Spareribs w/ Black Bean Sauce
4. 凉瓜炆排骨 Bitty Melon Spareribs
5. 京都骨 Peking Spareribs
6. 椒盐排骨 Pepper Salt Spareribs
7. 豉椒焖排骨 Spareribs w/ Black Bean, Pepper
8. 菜远炒牛肉 Broccoli Beef
9. 凉瓜炒牛肉 Bitty Melon Beef
10. 黑椒牛仔骨 Black Pepper Short Rib
11. 椒盐牛仔骨 Pepper Salt Short Rib
12. 中式牛柳 Chinese Style Beef
13. 四川牛肉 Szechuan Beef
14. 干扁牛柳丝 String Beef
15. 柠檬牛肉 Lemon beef
16. 麻婆豆腐 Mar-Boh Tofu
素菜类
Vegetarian
1. 蚝油冬菇 Oyster Sauce Mushroom
2. 什笙上素 Bamboo Vegetable
3. 红烧豆腐 Fried Tofu
4. 炒素丁 Vegetable Roll
5. 罗汉腐皮卷 Vegetable Egg Roll
6. 素咕噜肉 Vegetarian Sweet and Sour
7. 蒸山水豆腐 Steam Tofu
8. 鲜菇扒菜胆 Mushroom Tender Green
9. 炒杂菜 Mixed Green Tender
10. 清炒芥兰 Chinese Green Tender
11. 盐水菜心 Salt Green Tender
12. 干扁四季豆 String Bean Western Style
13. 上汤芥菜胆 Mustard Green Tender
炒粉、面、饭
Rice Plate
1. 龙虾干烧伊面 Lobster Teriyaki Noodle
2. 上汤龙虾捞面 Lobster Noodle
3. 杨州炒饭 Yang Chow Fried Rice
4. 虾仁炒饭 Shrimp Fried Rice
5. 咸鱼鸡粒炒饭 Salted Egg Chicken Fried Rice
6. 蕃茄牛肉炒饭 Tomato w/ Beef Fried Rice
7. 厨师炒饭 House Fried Rice
8. 生菜丝炒牛肉饭 Beef Fried Rice w/ Lettuce
9. 招牌炒面 House Chow Mein
10. 鸡球炒/煎面 Chicken Chow Mein
11. 蕃茄牛肉炒面 Tomato Beef Chow Mein
12. 海鲜炒/煎面 Seafood Chow Mein
13. 虾子姜葱捞面 Ginger Green Onion Noodle
14. 干烧伊面 Teriyaki Noodle
15. 鸡丝上汤窝面 Chicken Noodle Soup
16. 菜远炒牛河 Vegetable Beef Chow Fun
17. 豉椒排骨炒河 Sparerib w/ Black Bean Chow Fun
18. 星洲炒米粉 Singapore Noodle (Hot Spice)
19. 鸳鸯馒头 Shanghai Buns
20. 上汤水饺 Dumpling Soup
21. 上汤云吞 Won Ton soup
22. 丝苗白饭 Steam Rice
语法涨姿势
西餐,韩国料理,日本料理风靡中国,然则,做为博大精深的中国文化的一部分,我亦期盼中国菜出此刻世界的各个角落。
除了成语、古诗和中药,便是中文的菜名最难翻译,例如“红烧狮子头”(Stewed Pork Ball in Brown Sauce)、“回锅肉”(Sautéed Sliced Pork with Pepper and Chili)、“糖醋排骨”(Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs)等等。
像中国诗词,出色的翻译亦只能传达给外国人基本含义,仅有中国人能够领会其中韵味,中国菜亦不例外,以下规则可供参考:
中国菜的归类
Classifications of Chinese Cuisine
1. 八大菜系Eight Famous Cuisines
鲁菜 Lu Cuisine (Shandong Cuisine)
川菜 Chuan Cuisine (Sichuan Cuisine)
粤菜 Yue Cuisine (Guangdong Cuisine)
闽菜 Min Cuisine (Fujian Cuisine)
苏菜 Su Cuisine (Jiangsu Cuisine)
浙菜 Zhe Cuisine (Zhejiang Cuisine)
湘菜 Xiang Cuisine (Hunan Cuisine)
徽菜 Hui Cuisine (Anhui Cuisine)
2. 菜品归类 Types of Courses
凉菜类 Cold Dishes
热菜类 Hot Dishes
汤羹粥煲类 Soups, Congees and Casseroles
主食和小吃 Main Food and Snacks
西餐Western Cuisine
开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)Appetizers and Salads
汤类 Soups
副菜 Entrées
主菜 Main Courses
配菜 Side Dishes
甜点 Desserts
3. 饮品 Drinks
1、酒精类饮品 Alcoholic Beverages
国酒 Chinese Wines
洋酒 Imported Wines
白兰地与威士忌 Brandy and Whisky
金酒与朗姆酒 Gin and Rum
伏特加与龙舌兰 Vodka and Tequila
利口酒和开胃酒 Liqueurs and Aperitifs
红酒 Red Wine
2、不含酒精类饮品
Non-Alcoholic Beverages
3、中国饮品文化 Chinese Drinking Culture
中国茶文化
Chinese Tea Culture
中国酒文化
Chinese Wine Culture
翻译原则
一. 以主料为主,配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴的主料和配料主料(名叫作/形状)+with+配料,
如:松仁香菇 Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts
2. 菜肴的主料和配汁主料 with /in+汤汁(Sauce),
如:冰梅凉瓜 Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce
二. 以烹制办法为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴的做法和主料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名叫作/形状),
如:拌双耳 Tossed Black and White Fungus
2. 菜肴的做法、主料和配料做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名叫作/形状)+配料,
如:豌豆辣牛肉 Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas
3. 菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名叫作/形状)+with /in+汤汁,
如:川北凉粉 Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce
三. 以形状、口味为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1. 菜肴形状或口味以及主配料形状/口味 + 主料,
如:玉兔馒头 Rabbit-Shaped Mantou脆皮鸡 Crispy Chicken
2. 菜肴的做法、形状或口味、做法以及主配料做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口味 + 主料 + 配料,
如:小炒黑山羊 Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley
四. 以人名、地名为主,原料为辅的翻译原则.
1. 菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料人名(地名)+ 主料,
如:麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce)广东点心 Cantonese Dim Sum
2. 介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料 + 人名/地名 + Style,
如:四川辣子鸡 Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style北京炸酱面 Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style
五. 表现中国餐饮文化,运用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则.
1. 拥有中国特殊且被外国人接受的传统食品,本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则,运用汉语拼音。
如:饺子 Jiaozi馒头 Baozi馒头 Mantou花卷 Huajuan烧麦 Shaomai
2. 拥有中国特殊且已被国外重点英文字典收录的,使用汉语方言拼写或音译拼写的菜名,仍保存其原拼写方式。
如:豆腐 Tofu宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken馄饨 Wonton
3. 中文菜肴名叫作没法表现其做法及主配料的,运用汉语拼音,并在后标注英文注释。
如:
佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang (Steamed Abalone with Shark s Fin and Fish Maw in Broth)
锅贴 Guotie (Pan-Fried Dumplings)
窝头 Wotou (Steamed Corn/Black Rice Bun)
蒸饺 Steamed Jiaozi (Steamed Dumplings)
油条 Youtiao (Deep-Fried Dough Sticks)
汤圆 Tangyuan (Glutinous Rice Balls)
粽子 Zongzi (Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves)
元宵 Yuanxiao (Glutinous Rice Balls for Lantern Festival)
驴打滚儿 Lǘdagunr (Glutinous Rice Rolls Stuffed with Red Bean Paste)
豆汁儿 Douzhir (Fermented Bean Drink)
艾窝窝 Aiwowo (Steamed Rice Cakes with Sweet Stuffing)
六. 可数名词单复数运用原则菜单中的可数名词基本运用复数,但在整道菜中仅有一件或太细碎没法数清的用单数。
如:蔬菜面 Noodles with Vegetables葱爆羊肉 Sautéed Lamb Slices with Scallion
七. 介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法.
1. 如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时,运用in连接。
如:豉汁牛仔骨 Steamed Beef Ribs in Black Bean Sauce
2. 如汤汁或蘸料和主料是掰开的,或是后浇在主菜上的,则用with连接。
如:泡椒鸭丝 Shredded Duck with Pickled Peppers
八. 酒类的译法原则进口酒类的英文名叫作仍运用其原文,国产酒类以其注册的英文为准,倘若酒类本身无英文名叫作的,则运用其中文名叫作的汉语拼音。
本文转载自网络。以上图文,版权归原作者及原出处所有。
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