国际会议口译员协会(AIIC)远程口译指南
<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">AIIC Guidelines for Distance Interpreting</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">国际会议口译员协会(</strong><strong style="color: blue;">AIIC</strong><strong style="color: blue;">)远程口译指南</strong></span><span style="color: black;">The Taskforce on Distance Interpreting was created to be a focal point within AIIC for issues related to all forms of distance interpreting.</span><span style="color: black;">远程口译<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>小组是AIIC内部为<span style="color: black;">处理</span>所有远程口译<span style="color: black;">关联</span>问题而成立的。</span><span style="color: black;">After the publication of AIICs Position Paper on Distance Interpreting in March 2018 and the Survey on Distance Interpreting conducted by the TFDI and the Research Committee, ExCo entrusted the TFDI with the compilation of more specific Guidelines for Distance Interpreting in September 2018.</span><span style="color: black;">在2018年3月<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了《AIIC关于远程口译的立场文件》以及由远程口译国际联合会和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>委员会实施的《远程口译调查》之后，执行委员会于2018年9月<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>远程口译国际联合会编写了更<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的远程口译准则。</span><span style="color: black;">The document contains AIICs minimum standards and best practice recommendations applicable to working conditions for video remote conference interpreting in simultaneous mode.It provides guidance when working in situations where the interpreter is not co-located with both speakers and audience.These guidelines are primarily drafted for conference interpreters, but may also be useful to recruiters of interpreting services, event and conference organizers, consultant interpreters, as well as developers and providers of technical equipment for DI.</span><span style="color: black;">该文件<span style="color: black;">包括</span>适用于同声传译视频远程会议工作<span style="color: black;">要求</span>的AIIC最低标准和最佳实践<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，用于<span style="color: black;">指点</span>口译员<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>在与演讲者和听众均不在同一地点的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下工作。这些<span style="color: black;">指点</span>原则<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是为会议口译员起草的，但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可适用于口译服务的招聘人员、活动和会议组织者、顾问口译员以及远程口译（DI）技术设备的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>者和供应商。</span><span style="color: black;">The document also covers working conditions for sign language interpreting.</span><span style="color: black;">该文件<span style="color: black;">亦</span>适用于手语口译的工作环境。</span><span style="color: black;">The purpose of these guidelines is to provide a starting point for a collaborative process, bringing together both membership and relevant stakeholders outside the Association, and will put AIIC in a position to accompany the development of Distance Interpreting on the world markets by formulating up-to-date requirements and recommendations for the delivery of conference interpreting services in remote.</span><span style="color: black;">这些<span style="color: black;">指点</span>方针旨在开启一项新的合作进程，即将协会之外的成员和利益<span style="color: black;">关联</span>方集聚起来，为在偏远地区<span style="color: black;">供给</span>会议口译服务制定最新的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>和<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>促进AIIC与世界远程口译市场协同发展。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Introduction</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">介绍</strong></span><span style="color: black;">The following are AIICs minimum standards and best practice recommendations applicable to working conditions for video remote conference interpreting in simultaneous mode (also referred to as Remote Simultaneous Interpreting (RSI) or Distance Interpreting (DI)).</span><span style="color: black;">以下是适用于“同声传译模式下视频远程会议口译工作环境”（或<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>“远程同声传译（RSI）”、“远程口译（DI）”）的AIIC最低标准和最佳实践<span style="color: black;">意见</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">This document provides guidance when working in situations where the interpreter is not co- located with both speakers and audience.DI implies delivering simultaneous interpreting services from a distant site, with the interpreters receiving, in addition to audio input, visual input from one or several video feeds displayed on one or more screens.</span><span style="color: black;">本文件为口译员在与演讲者和听众均不在同一地点的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下工作时<span style="color: black;">供给</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span>。DI指远程<span style="color: black;">供给</span>同声传译服务，译员除了接收音频输入外，还将接收可<span style="color: black;">表示</span>在一个或多个屏幕上的一个或多个视频输入。</span><span style="color: black;">These guidelines are primarily drafted for conference interpreters and may also be useful to recruiters of interpreting services, event and conference organizers, consultant interpreters, as well as developers and providers of technical equipment for DI.This document also covers working conditions for sign language interpreting.In addition, a detailed description of the requirements for sign language interpreting is also available in the AIIC "Guidelines for positioning of sign language interpreters in conferences, including web streaming"</span><span style="color: black;">这些<span style="color: black;">指点</span>原则<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是为会议口译员起草的，但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可适用于口译服务的招聘人员、活动和会议组织者、顾问口译员以及DI技术设备的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>者和供应商。该文件<span style="color: black;">亦</span>适用于手语口译的工作环境。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，AIIC“ 会议（<span style="color: black;">包含</span>网络流<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>）手语口译配置指南 ”中<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>了手语口译<span style="color: black;">需求</span>的<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>说明。</span><span style="color: black;">Note: This document does not cover interpreter-mediated events without the transmission of images of speakers and/or audience to the interpreter (such as telephone calls or audio conferences).</span><span style="color: black;">注:本文件不<span style="color: black;">包含</span>未向口译员传送演讲者和/或听众图像的口译服务(如<span style="color: black;">tel</span>或音频会议)。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Location</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">位置</strong></span><span style="color: black;">Simultaneous conference interpreting is a team effort.The interpreter must be able to work with their language team and other language teams seamlessly (e.g. communication, collaboration, turn-taking).In order to work together effectively, it is strongly recommended that all interpreters be in the same room or space (also referred to as a DI hub).Individual language teams/booths are required to be co-located in the same place in order to avoid added cognitive load.</span><span style="color: black;">同声传译是一项团队工作。译员必须能够与其语言团队和其他语言团队无缝衔接(如沟通、合作、话轮转换)。为了有效地合作，<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>所有口译员都在同一个房间或空间(<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为远程口译中心)。为了避免<span style="color: black;">增多</span>认知负荷，各语言团队/同传箱必须设在同一地点。</span><span style="color: black;">A DI hub allows for team members to collaborate in a single location, with a technician present.It is a controlled environment in which the hub and/or platform provider shall be responsible and liable for:</span><span style="color: black;">远程口译中心<span style="color: black;">准许</span>团队成员在同一个地点协作，并有一名技术人员在场。在受控环境中，中心和/或平台<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商应对以下方面负责:</span><span style="color: black;">Ensuring the quality and continuity of the data connection.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">保证</span>数据连接的质量和连续性。</span><span style="color: black;">Safeguarding the confidentiality of all communications.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">守护</span>所有通信的机密性。</span><span style="color: black;">Providing a private, soundproofed setting (ideally booths, as per ISO norm 2603 (permanent booth) or 4043 (mobile booth).</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">供给</span>个人的隔音设置（理想的同传箱应符合ISO规范2603（永久同传箱）或4043（移动同传箱））。</span><span style="color: black;">Providing interpreting consoles according to ISO 20109:2016 Annex B.1, or interpreter interfaces offering the same basic functionalities.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>ISO 20109:2016附录B.1<span style="color: black;">供给</span>口译<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>台，或<span style="color: black;">供给</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>相同基本功能的口译程序界面。</span><span style="color: black;">Ensuring that the interpreter has access to conference documents and can view them live as they are displayed to the audience.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">保证</span>口译员能够<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>会议文件，并在向观众展示时实时查看。</span><span style="color: black;">Receiving input via a non-direct source (e.g., screen and/or audio feed) adds increased cognitive load for the interpreter.Depending on the duration of the event, in order to ensure sustained interpretation quality, manning strength in a DI working environment requires additional interpreters.</span><span style="color: black;">若经由非直接<span style="color: black;">源自</span>(如屏幕和/或音频)接收输入，使口译员<span style="color: black;">增多</span>额外的认知负荷，为<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span>的口译质量，在场配备人员应<span style="color: black;">按照</span>活动的时长<span style="color: black;">增多</span>口译员。</span><span style="color: black;">Availability of a conference technician</span><span style="color: black;">会议技术人员的配备</span><span style="color: black;">At least one qualified conference technician shall be present on site throughout the event to assist interpreters with the correct functioning of the equipment.Monitoring and controlling of the entire interpreting system may be carried out by the technician on site or by a second technician.The latter may either be physically present at the local site where the interpreter is delivering the interpreting service, or located elsewhere.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全部</span>活动<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，应<span style="color: black;">最少</span>应有一名合格的会议技术人员在场，<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>口译人员正确操作设备。<span style="color: black;">全部</span>口译系统的监控可由现场技术人员或另一名技术人员执行。后者可在口译员口译现场，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可在其他<span style="color: black;">地区</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Booth furniture and equipment</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">口译设备</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Interpreting consoles shall be in line with ISO 20109 requirements.</span><span style="color: black;">口译<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>台应符合IOS 20109<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">If software-based interpreter interfaces are used, they shall offer the same basic functionalities.Access to the software shall be facilitated through a separate computer/dedicated workstation, to which the provider of the DI platform must have access during the entirety of the assignment.</span><span style="color: black;">如果<span style="color: black;">运用</span>软件类口译界面，应<span style="color: black;">供给</span>相同的基本功能。应<span style="color: black;">经过</span>单独的计算机/专用工作站，便于<span style="color: black;">运用</span>软件，且在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>任务<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，远程口译平台<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商必须能够<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>该工作站。</span><span style="color: black;">Each interpreter needs to be provided with a work surface with enough room for a laptop and documents.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>口译员都需要配备有足够空间的工作台来<span style="color: black;">安置</span>笔记本电脑和文件。</span><span style="color: black;">Each interpreter shall have an adjustable chair.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>口译员都应有一把可调节的椅子。</span><span style="color: black;">One compact, table-top, low-heat, adjustable reading light per interpreter shall be available.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>口译员应配备一个小型台式低热量可调节的阅读灯。</span><span style="color: black;">Interpreters equipment (consoles, interfaces) must be accessible for all, including the elderly and persons with disabilities.</span><span style="color: black;">口译设备(<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>台、界面)必须对所有人开放，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>老年人和残疾人。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Access to relevant documents</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">查阅<span style="color: black;">关联</span>文件</strong></span><span style="color: black;">The interpreter shall be provided with centralised access to all documents relevant to the communicative event.This access shall be available reasonably in advance to the event and throughout its entire duration.</span><span style="color: black;">应向译员<span style="color: black;">供给</span>集中<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>与交流活动<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的所有文件的权限。该权限应在活动<span style="color: black;">起始</span>前和<span style="color: black;">全部</span>活动<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">恰当</span>开放。</span><span style="color: black;">During the event, the interpreter shall have a point of contact from whom to obtain any missing documents being referenced.</span><span style="color: black;">在活动<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，译员应可联系到<span style="color: black;">关联</span>人员以获取任何被引用的缺失文件。</span><span style="color: black;">Confidentiality and data protection</span><span style="color: black;">保密性和数据<span style="color: black;">守护</span></span><span style="color: black;">Confidentiality and data protection shall be laid down in a binding agreement by the parties providing the working facilities and the systems used for data transmission.The agreement shall state who assumes the liability for ensuring that the infrastructure connecting to the events data system complies with all necessary measures to ensure confidentiality and data protection.It is not recommended for the interpreter to work from their own location.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">供给</span>工作<span style="color: black;">设备</span>和数据传输系统的各方应在<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>约束力的协议中规定保密性和数据<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>事宜。该协议应<span style="color: black;">知道</span>由谁承担<span style="color: black;">保证</span>与活动数据系统连接的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>结构符合<span style="color: black;">保证</span>机密性和数据<span style="color: black;">守护</span>的所有必要<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的责任。不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>口译员在自己的位置工作。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Personal data</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">个人资料</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Rules relating to the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and rules relating to the free movement of personal data shall always be respected.</span><span style="color: black;">应始终遵守在处理个人数据方面<span style="color: black;">守护</span>自然人和个人数据自由流动的的规则。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Briefing</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">简报</strong></span><span style="color: black;">The interpreter should have a "technical briefing" to ensure they know how to use the DI platform in question, and be compensated accordingly for their time.</span><span style="color: black;">口译员应该进行“技术简介”，以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>其知晓<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>所<span style="color: black;">触及</span>的DI平台，并应为其所用时间给予<span style="color: black;">赔偿</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">Clients should have a "test run" of the DI platforms to ensure they are satisfied with the level of support provided.It is recommended to hold a briefing session with interpreters, speakers and event organizers prior to the event.This will allow interpreters to familiarize themselves with the voices and the speaking or signing style of the presenters, gather relevant event information, and optimally prepare themselves for the interpreting assignment.</span><span style="color: black;">客户应对DI平台进行“试运行”，以<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>满意所<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的技术水平。<span style="color: black;">意见</span>在活动前与口译员、演讲者和活动组织者进行会议模拟。这将使口译员<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>演讲者的声音、说话或手势风格，收集<span style="color: black;">关联</span>活动信息，并为口译任务做好最佳准备。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Recording and </strong><strong style="color: blue;">web streaming</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">录制和网络传播</strong></span><span style="color: black;">According to regulations on intellectual property, prior written consent shall be obtained from the interpreter in case interpreting services are recorded.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>知识产权法规，若记录其口译服务，应事先征得译员的书面同意。</span><span style="color: black;">The interpreter should include in their contract with clients specific clauses regulating the use of their individual interpreting services.</span><span style="color: black;">口译员应在与客户的合同中加入<span style="color: black;">详细</span>条款，以规范对口译员个人口译服务的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">A language disclaimer should be added to the web streamed and/or archived recording stating that interpretation via video and audio (including any interpretation via an audio and video channel) are intended to facilitate communication and do not constitute an authentic record of the event.</span><span style="color: black;">应在网络和/或存档记录中添加书面免责声明，<span style="color: black;">显示</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>视频和音频进行的口译(<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>音频和视频频道进行的任何口译)旨在促进交流，并不<span style="color: black;">做为</span>对事件的真实记录。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Intercommunication</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">互通</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Communication between the interpreter and other relevant actors shall be possible at any time using a dedicated function integrated in the interpreter console.The use of this function should cause minimal additional cognitive load so as to not to interfere with the primary function of delivering interpretation.Intercommunication shall be possible between:</span><span style="color: black;">口译员与其他<span style="color: black;">关联</span>人员应<span style="color: black;">能够</span>随时<span style="color: black;">运用</span>口译员<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>台的专项功能进行交流沟通。此项功能仅可<span style="color: black;">增多</span>最小的额外认知<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>干扰传输口译的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>功能。以下<span style="color: black;">状况</span>应可实现互通：</span><span style="color: black;">Interpreter and technician.</span><span style="color: black;">口译员和技术员。</span><span style="color: black;">Interpreter and event moderator.</span><span style="color: black;">口译员和活动主持人。</span><span style="color: black;">Interpreters using the same outgoing language channel.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">运用</span>相同的输出语言通道的口译员。</span><span style="color: black;">All interpreters at the same communicative event.</span><span style="color: black;">同一活动中的所有口译员之间。</span><span style="color: black;">Sign language interpreters do not work with an interpreter console and another form of communication with the relevant actors should be agreed upon prior to the event, e.g. directly with the head of the interpreter team.</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译员<span style="color: black;">没法</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>口译<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>台，应在活动前与<span style="color: black;">关联</span>人员商定另一种交流形式，例如直接与口译团队负责人进行交流。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Screens</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">屏幕</strong></span><span style="color: black;">As interpreters are in a different location removed from the conference room, they require visual input provided via screens or video monitors.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>口译员在远离会议室的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>地点，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>需要<span style="color: black;">经过</span>屏幕或视频<span style="color: black;">监测</span>器<span style="color: black;">供给</span>视觉输入。</span><span style="color: black;">Screens, preferably LED, should be large enough for the interpreter to read the text displayed or clearly see any images.Speakers intervening from any point connected to the event, as well as any visual materials displayed to the participants and/or the audience, shall be made available to the interpreter as a separate video feed during the event, ideally on a dedicated screen.The active speaker should be displayed on at least 65% of the main screen with the correct aspect ratio.Other participants, including the chair/bureau, and a general view of the event room should be displayed on the remaining part of the screen or on separate screens.In case of a presentation or intervention in a signed language, the signer should be displayed on the screen from the signers waist to just above the head.If speech to text services are provided, a separate screen is required for this live text.</span><span style="color: black;">屏幕（最好是LED）应该足够大，以便口译人员阅读<span style="color: black;">表示</span>的文本或清楚地看到所有图像。在活动<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，最好在专用屏幕上，将与活动<span style="color: black;">相关</span>的各处的发言人，以及向参与者和/或观众<span style="color: black;">表示</span>的所有视觉资料呈<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>单独的屏幕上<span style="color: black;">供给</span>给口译员。当前发言人应在主屏幕上占比<span style="color: black;">最少</span>65%（等比例），其余参与者，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>主席/主席团，以及会议室的总体视图应<span style="color: black;">表示</span>在主屏幕的其余部分或单独的屏幕上。若演讲者<span style="color: black;">插进</span>手势，屏幕应<span style="color: black;">表示</span>该演讲者腰部至头顶的位置。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>文字语音服务，此实时文本需呈<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>单独的屏幕。</span><span style="color: black;">For sign language interpreters, multiple video feeds should display:</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>手语口译，应<span style="color: black;">供给</span>多个视频源：</span><span style="color: black;">Panoramic view of the room.</span><span style="color: black;">会议室的全景。</span><span style="color: black;">View of the speaker, moderator or participant who is speaking or signing.</span><span style="color: black;">正在发言或做手势的演讲者、主持人或参与者。</span><span style="color: black;">View of the sign language interpreter (for sign language interpreters to check their positioning and placement).</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译员(用于手语口译员<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>自己和手势的位置)。</span><span style="color: black;">Documents, as displayed for the audience.</span><span style="color: black;">为观众<span style="color: black;">表示</span>的文档。</span><span style="color: black;">Screens can be placed in each of the booths or, alternatively, a larger screen can be placed in front of the booth or booths.Sign language interpreters will require the same visual input and will need to have the screens placed diagonally in front of them, in order not to obstruct the users view of the sign language interpreters.</span><span style="color: black;">可在<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>同传箱单独<span style="color: black;">安置</span>屏幕，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可在单个或多个同传箱前<span style="color: black;">安置</span><span style="color: black;">很强</span>的屏幕。手语口译员<span style="color: black;">一样</span>需要接收视频信息，并将屏幕斜放在其前方，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>影响手语口译的输出。</span><span style="color: black;">The images displayed on the screen should be of high quality (sharpness, color, contrast, brightness and smoothness) and should be large enough to be visible.The interpreter must be able to adjust the image contrast and brightness of the image.</span><span style="color: black;">屏幕上的图像应为高质量(<span style="color: black;">包含</span>清晰度、颜色、对比度、亮度和平滑度)，并且应足够大使其可见。口译员必须<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">调节</span>图像的对比度和亮度。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Placement of sign language interpreters</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">手语口译员的位置</strong></span><span style="color: black;">There must be sufficient space for the sign language interpreter team to work together and the members of the team must be able to see each other.The active interpreter needs a space of approximately 1.5 x 1.5 metres minimum (2.0 x 2.0 metres maximum).</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译团队必须有足够的空间<span style="color: black;">一块</span>工作，团队成员必须能够看到彼此。主口译员需要<span style="color: black;">最少</span>约1.5×1.5米(最大2.0×2.0米)的空间。</span><span style="color: black;">The supporting interpreter is seated approx.1–3 metres in front of the active interpreter.The chairs are preferably non-revolving and have either a low armrest or none at all.They should also be ergonomically adjustable to suit the working interpreters.</span><span style="color: black;">辅助口译员的座位大约是在主口译员前方1-3米。椅子最好是不旋转的，要么有低扶手，要么<span style="color: black;">无</span>扶手。椅子<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应使工作中的口译员便于调节。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Visibility of the sign language interpreter</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">手语口译员的可见性</strong></span><span style="color: black;">A bac<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>round screen shall be placed behind the sign language interpreter;this shall be of a solid color in contrast to the interpreter, e. g. blue-grey, and not be visually distracting.</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译员后面应<span style="color: black;">安置</span>背景屏幕，颜色应为纯色以<span style="color: black;">明显</span>口译员，如蓝灰色，并且不会在视觉上分散<span style="color: black;">重视</span>力。</span><span style="color: black;">The lighting on the sign language interpreter should be indirect and shall not cause any shadows on the face or hands.</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译员身上的照明应为间接照明，并不得在脸部或手部<span style="color: black;">导致</span>任何<span style="color: black;">暗影</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Video and camera images of sign language interpreters</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">手语口译员的视频和摄像</strong></span><span style="color: black;">A dedicated cameraman for sign language interpreters shall be provided.The cameraman is responsible for adjusting the heights of the image to that of the individual interpreters.</span><span style="color: black;">应为手语口译员配备专职摄影师。摄影师负责应为各个口译员<span style="color: black;">调节</span>摄像头的高度。</span><span style="color: black;">The camera should be frontal to the working sign language interpreter in order for the interpreter to look directly into the camera.</span><span style="color: black;">摄像头应位于工作中的手语口译员正前方，以使口译员可直视摄像机。</span><span style="color: black;">Viewers of sign language interpreting services prefer the use of a chroma key screen in which the interpreter is embedded in the image, also called a green or blue screen where the technician overlays the web-streamed picture of the event with the sign language interpretation.The sign language interpreter should be displayed on at least ⅙ of the screen.</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译服务的对象更<span style="color: black;">爱好</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>色度键屏幕，其将口译员嵌入屏幕中，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“绿色或蓝色屏幕”，在该屏幕中，技术人员将手语口译叠加在活动呈现的网络<span style="color: black;">照片</span>上。手语口译员<span style="color: black;">最少</span>应占屏幕的⅙ 。</span><span style="color: black;">In case of a signer making an intervention, the camera should be on the signer (not on the interpreter working into a spoken language)</span><span style="color: black;">若演讲者<span style="color: black;">插进</span>手势，应呈现演讲者的手势（而非口译员）</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">Technical requirements</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">技术<span style="color: black;">需求</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">There are a number of internationally agreed and commonly used ISO Standards available.They include technical requirements on equipment used for simultaneous interpreting, as well as for quality and transmission of sound and image to interpreters in presence-based interpreting scenarios (ISO 2603, 4043, 20108 and 20109).Although these requirements, with the exception of some specific requirements addressing the modality of Distance Interpreting in ISO 20108, were originally not specified for distance interpreting solutions, there are a number of relevant parameters for simultaneous interpreting that apply equally to this modality.</span><span style="color: black;">许多国际公认和常用的ISO标准可供参考。其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span>对同声传译所用设备的技术<span style="color: black;">需求</span>，以及现场口译场景中向口译员传输声音和图像的质量技术<span style="color: black;">需求</span>（ISO 2603、4043、20108和20109）。尽管这些<span style="color: black;">需求</span>，除了IOS 20108中<span style="color: black;">触及</span>远程口译模式的<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>外，最初并未针对远程口译<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">方法</span>作出规定，但同声传译的<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>参数<span style="color: black;">一样</span>适用于这种模式。</span><span style="color: black;">The following basic parameters and functionalities shall be considered applicable to distance interpreting in the simultaneous mode:</span><span style="color: black;">以下基本参数和功能<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可适用于同声传译远程口译：</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Microphone management</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">麦克风管理</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Preferably, there should always be only one microphone switched ON.The system should allow for different microphone management settings in order to consider specific needs (e.g. interactive discussions with fast changes of speakers).</span><span style="color: black;">最好始终只打开一个麦克风。系统应<span style="color: black;">准许</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>的麦克风管理设置，以<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>特定的<span style="color: black;">需要</span>（例如，发言人快速更换的互动讨论）。</span><span style="color: black;">There should always be someone (e.g. the moderator, operator or chair) who is able to switch OFF all other microphones, when needed.</span><span style="color: black;">应始终有人(例如主持人、操作员或主席)必要时能够关闭所有其他麦克风。</span><span style="color: black;">All distant sound sources (including laptops, smartphones etc.) need to be managed within the system.</span><span style="color: black;">所有远距离声源(<span style="color: black;">包含</span>笔记本电脑、手机等)都需要在系统内进行管理。</span><span style="color: black;">Sign language interpreters are usually not placed in a booth, including when working at distance.When sign language interpreters are expected to provide retour into a spoken language, they will need a wireless handheld microphone to work into the spoken language.</span><span style="color: black;">手语口译员<span style="color: black;">包含</span>在远程工作时<span style="color: black;">一般</span>不会在同传箱里。当手语口译员需要将手语回译为语音时，需要为其配备无线手持麦克风。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Frequency response</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">频率响应</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">The microphone and headphones both for speakers and for interpreters (the interpreters microphone becomes a speakers microphone when working in relay mode) shall correctly reproduce audio frequencies between 125 Hz and 15 000 Hz.、 It is important to consider that this requirement also applies to handheld, lapel, head- worn and any other type of microphone, as well as to sound input from external sources such as laptops and videoconferencing systems.</span><span style="color: black;">演讲者和口译员的麦克风和耳机(在接力工作模式下，口译员的麦克风与演讲者的一致)应能正确再现125赫兹到15 000赫兹之间的音频。这一<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>适用于手持式、翻领式、头戴式和任何其他类型的麦克风，以及笔记本电脑和视频会议系统等<span style="color: black;">外边</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>的声音输入。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Prevention of</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">acoustic feedback</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"> and acoustic shock</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">防止声反和声震</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">To avoid damage to interpreters and participants hearing, measures shall be in place to avoid acoustic feedback and provide acoustic shock protection.</span><span style="color: black;">为避免损害译员和参与者的听力，应采取<span style="color: black;">办法</span>避免声反并<span style="color: black;">供给</span>声震<span style="color: black;">守护</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">Systems shall include measures to reduce sound degradation caused by too many microphones switched ON.</span><span style="color: black;">系统应采取<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，以减少因打开<span style="color: black;">太多</span>麦克风而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的声音下降。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Acoustic echo canceling</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">消除回声</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">At every location connected to the communicative event (conference) acoustic echo canceling shall be in place.</span><span style="color: black;">在活动（会议）<span style="color: black;">触及</span>的各个地点均应设置回声消除功能。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">External sources</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">外边</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span></span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Sound input from external sources such as laptops and videoconferencing systems shall have a dynamic range at least equal to that described above under Frequency response.</span><span style="color: black;">笔记本电脑和视频会议系统等<span style="color: black;">外边</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>的声音输入频率的动态范围应<span style="color: black;">最少</span>与<span style="color: black;">以上</span>频率响应中所述的范围相同。</span><span style="color: black;">It shall be possible to switch video conferencing microphones ON and OFF or to mute them.</span><span style="color: black;">应能打开和关闭视频会议麦克风或使其静音。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Image quality</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">画面质量</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">The quality of image input to the interpreter shall be kept on a level that prevents visible distortion such as blurring or freezing.</span><span style="color: black;">口译员获取的图像质量应保持在防止可见的失真（例如模糊或冻结）的水平。</span><span style="color: black;">In case of excessive blurring, freezing or distortions, interpreting may have to be temporarily suspended until the image stabilizes.</span><span style="color: black;">如<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">太多</span>的模糊，冻结或变形，口译服务可能必须暂时停止，直到图像稳定。</span><span style="color: black;">If videos are displayed at a distance within the communicate event, the interpreter will only be able to provide simultaneous interpretation if this video (including the embedded audio) is transmitted to the interpreter as an independent video feed (not embedded in the main video feed), compliant with the requirements on audio and video quality as set out in this document.Simultaneous interpretation will have to be suspended if these requirements are not met.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>视频在距离主会议较远位置时，则<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>当此视频（<span style="color: black;">包含</span>嵌入式音频）<span style="color: black;">做为</span>独立的视频源（不嵌入主视频提要）传输至口译员，并符合本文档中对音频和视频质量的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>，口译员<span style="color: black;">才可</span>够<span style="color: black;">供给</span>同声传译 。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不符合以上<span style="color: black;">需求</span>，则必须中止同声传译。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Lip sync</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">唇型同步</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Sound and image from a distant site shall be synchronized.</span><span style="color: black;">远程的声音和图像应同步。</span><span style="color: black;">Sound shall not lag image by more than 45 ms.</span><span style="color: black;">声音不得滞后图像超过45毫秒</span><span style="color: black;">Sound shall not lead image by more than 125 ms.</span><span style="color: black;">声音不得早于图像超过125毫秒</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Latency</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">延迟</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">Image and sound must arrive at the interpreters screen and headphone within 500 msof being produced at the source.</span><span style="color: black;">图像和声音必须在源产生的500毫秒内到达口译员的屏幕和耳机。</span><span style="color: black;">Latency between the original speech and the reception of simultaneous interpreting by the audience shall not exceed 1000 ms.</span><span style="color: black;">原发言与听众接受同声传译之间的延迟时间不得超过1000毫秒。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">注：译文为<span style="color: black;">设备</span>翻译+人工译后编辑，仅供参考。</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">英文原文来自AIIC官文。</span></strong></span><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">点击下方蓝色字体，进一步<span style="color: black;">认识</span>口译课程</strong></span><a style="color: black;">同声翻译训练营-100%包就业</a>
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