赠书丨“追星,到底追的是什么?”丨北大博士500天亲历,《孤岛狂欢》揭开“饭圈”面纱
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/jN15XA3KTIHianEZTdWW7Wicxe0Ymx2lt5YKzaCILOo0tx5nBUaXUuzMII95OV1mq6g47qDlVRU6kfgqQa2wWO3w/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa1GicA5zcN6Brrrf4l3aUniaLth8rEhAsvVQfnYJ77nwnkUXrNqXtBNGbQ/640?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“流量为王”的时代造就了如今规模化、组织化、制度化、功能化的饭圈群体。<span style="color: black;">认识</span>青年文化是把脉青年思潮的前提。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝群<span style="color: black;">身体</span>部是<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>划分圈层阶级的?</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝<span style="color: black;">行径</span><span style="color: black;">背面</span>的心理动机是什么?</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">又有<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的利益链接?</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“应援文化”“同人文化”等源起何处,又走向何方?</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">本书作者从“试图<span style="color: black;">作为</span>一名粉丝”到<span style="color: black;">作为</span>“将生活重心集中在追星上”的资深粉丝,用500余天的深度体验和观察,为<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>揭开了“饭圈”的面纱,打开了对话青年的窗口,<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>青年人清醒地面对潮流、时尚,更理性地面对社会与自我。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">书中内容<span style="color: black;">亦</span>为<span style="color: black;">认识</span>青年文化、进行网络疏导和治理带来<span style="color: black;">许多</span>启发和思考。</span><span style="color: black;">下面<span style="color: black;">便是</span>书中关于粉丝追星心理动因的分析。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa1TUe9ZqlgybicAcwm66gVI1jgvvD2DDHlWfz6eicg0LDyFGduwBfbiabSw/640?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《孤岛狂欢:网络空间的粉丝文化》</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">书号:978-7-300-30457-1</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">著者:李彤</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">出版时间:2022年5月</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">定价:59.00元</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">出版社:中国人民大学出版社</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“完美人设”和幻想中的亲密关系</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在我国,偶像、歌手、演员并<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>的界限,这些在荧幕上光鲜亮丽的<span style="color: black;">名人</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>统<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为明星。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,明星的首要任务仍然是<span style="color: black;">提高</span>自己的专业技能,当专业技能达到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>水准后,明星很自然地就会<span style="color: black;">作为</span>“<span style="color: black;">公众</span>情人”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">偶像的特殊之处就在于,<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>主动承担“<span style="color: black;">公众</span>情人”的身份,<span style="color: black;">根据</span>粉丝的意愿和偏好来演绎“<span style="color: black;">公众</span>情人”的角色。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>,偶像会和女艺人保持距离,满足“女友粉”跟偶像<span style="color: black;">爱情</span>的幻觉。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">偶像<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">根据</span>粉丝的期许全面进步,满足“事业粉”对成功的幻想。在“事业粉”看来,偶像的成功<span style="color: black;">便是</span>“我”的成功。偶像还会展现自己的成长和突破,满足“亲妈粉”的养成幻想。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总而言之,<strong style="color: blue;">粉丝最在乎的并不是偶像的专业技能,而是能否和偶像<span style="color: black;">创立</span>起<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>稳定的、带有幻想性质的亲密关系。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这种对亲密关系的幻想<span style="color: black;">能够</span>分为<strong style="color: blue;">角色幻想、性别幻想、关系幻想,<span style="color: black;">各样</span>幻想之间的差别直接<span style="color: black;">表现</span>为情感的差异。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝所幻想的亲密关系<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是因人而异的,在每一位粉丝眼中,偶像呈现出的是<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的面貌。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>,<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的粉丝之间<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有着<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的<span style="color: black;">一起</span>点,粉丝们非常容易对<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的成长产生认同感,形成养成感。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在<span style="color: black;">博客</span>等社交<span style="color: black;">媒介</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>后,粉丝和偶像之间有了直接互动的<span style="color: black;">途径</span>,偶像会主动分享生活,粉丝<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会采用私信、评论等方式和偶像对话,<span style="color: black;">本来</span>私密的偶像之间的交流<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会在公共社交平台进行。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这给粉丝的亲密关系幻想<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了丰富的素材,既<span style="color: black;">能够</span>对自己和偶像之间的亲密关系进行角色幻想(“女友粉”<span style="color: black;">方向</span>),又<span style="color: black;">能够</span>对偶像之间的亲密关系进行关系幻想(CP粉或团粉)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那<span style="color: black;">博客</span>这类社交<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>是<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>拉近偶像和粉丝之间的距离的呢?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">根据</span>欧文·戈夫曼的拟剧理论,<span style="color: black;">博客</span>本质上给偶像创造了一个中台空间,这个地带促<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>传统的后区和前区<span style="color: black;">行径</span>分界线的移动,给偶像表演<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了施展空间。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">中台空间是一个灰色地带,在这一空间的呈现既<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>公共性,又<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>表演型私密性。在粉丝看来,偶像呈现了私密生活,然而,这只是偶像及其经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>精心设计的中台表现。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">偶像<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会在中台展示带有萌点、接地气的人设,如电竞男孩、二次元、小迷糊、邻家<span style="color: black;">女子</span>等,这些“<span style="color: black;">装扮</span>型”<span style="color: black;">名人</span>设定拉近了偶像和粉丝之间的心理距离。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">同现实生活中的所有亲密关系<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,粉丝<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>一名偶像,<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>这名偶像“是个什么样的人”,这<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">为何</span>偶像会需要人设。人设就像是偶像戴着的有象征性<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的面具。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>时候,为了<span style="color: black;">装扮</span>一名优秀的偶像,偶像<span style="color: black;">自己</span>会失去做自己的权利。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一方面,人设会<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>偶像在粉丝的心中塑造某种特定类型的形象;另一方面,粉丝在审视偶像的时候<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会打开“粉丝滤镜”,<span style="color: black;">选取</span>性地关注偶像的言行并<span style="color: black;">根据</span>自己的意愿进行<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>。</span></p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“自我价值实现”的快感</span></strong></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">除了“完美人设”带来的亲密关系幻想,迷恋偶像还会带来自我价值实现的快感。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">陪同</span>偶像一路成长,<span style="color: black;">最后</span>偶像事业有成,这会给粉丝带来一种梦想成真的<span style="color: black;">陪同</span>感和实现自我价值的<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>成就感。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在粉丝看来,自我价值的实现<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">表现</span>在三个方面:一是偶像形象的塑造,二是粉丝<span style="color: black;">装扮</span>了拯救者的角色,三是粉丝对圈层的价值贡献。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>,粉丝的偏好间接塑造了偶像的形象。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在互联网<span style="color: black;">显现</span>之前,明星<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着距离感和<span style="color: black;">奥秘</span>感。而互联网去中心化、碎片化、互动性的特征消解了明星和粉丝之间的权力等级,粉丝<span style="color: black;">起始</span><span style="color: black;">持有</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>与明星平视的机会。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">近年来,在网络上<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了一种新的现象:当明星陷入形象<span style="color: black;">危险</span>的时候,粉丝们<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是最早为偶像辩护的人,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>会在网上不遗余力地支持自己的偶像,四处找寻证据为偶像辩护,这种<span style="color: black;">行径</span>有组织、有纪律、成体系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在面临公关<span style="color: black;">危险</span>时,明星的经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>还会和核心粉丝商议公关策略。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当偶像近期有活动和作品时,粉丝会自发<span style="color: black;">构成</span>宣传团队,经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>和粉丝之间是合作关系,双方事先商议词条,后在粉丝宣传和<span style="color: black;">机构</span>运营的合力下将其送上热搜。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由此可见,粉丝在网络中的话语权正在逐步<span style="color: black;">加强</span>,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>不单是一个有规模、有组织、有行动力的群体,还<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>宣发和澄清<span style="color: black;">流言</span>的重要<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,粉丝运营<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span>娱乐<span style="color: black;">机构</span>重要的工作职能。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝话语权的<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着粉丝的意见正在变得越来越重要。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,为了让粉丝<span style="color: black;">连续</span>地为偶像“买单”,偶像的人设就不可能是一成不变的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在与偶像的互动和交流中,粉丝<span style="color: black;">按照</span>自己的兴趣和取向对偶像的人设<span style="color: black;">持续</span>地进行修改、挪移和<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">定时</span>自拍和<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>的vlog是偶像维持<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>度和塑造新人设的重要手段,是偶像企图在满足粉丝<span style="color: black;">需要</span>的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上吸引新粉。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">第二,粉丝认为自己<span style="color: black;">装扮</span>了拯救者的角色。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在现实中,粉丝的意见<span style="color: black;">常常</span>对经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>有着不小的影响力。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">美国心理学家斯蒂芬·卡普曼提出“戏剧三角形”理论,三角形的三个顶点分别是拯救者、受害者和迫害者。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa1Srq2a2lR2obVWibHuc9PEqTH7zdmvnDp8cfSwsIp7BN5A4vxd4oEaGA/640?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">卡普曼戏剧三角形示意</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝认为,自己<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">装扮</span>拯救者的角色,而偶像<span style="color: black;">做为</span>受害者<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>被经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>迫害。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在饭圈中有一种非常有趣的现象:粉丝们<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>认为经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>对自家的偶像<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>,存在宣发消极怠工、妆发<span style="color: black;">不外</span>关、不会拉资源等不负责任的<span style="color: black;">行径</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">点开艺人工作室的官方<span style="color: black;">博客</span>,下方评论几乎都是粉丝的<span style="color: black;">各样</span>意见,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>妆发、造型、摄影<span style="color: black;">方向</span>、经纪资源等。<strong style="color: blue;">“维权”<span style="color: black;">作为</span>粉丝<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的诉求,但维权对象却是和偶像利益共生的经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这一奇怪的现象不禁让人生疑,经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>真的会经常虐待艺人吗?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">实质</span>上,艺人<span style="color: black;">做为</span>团队中的灵魂<span style="color: black;">名人</span><span style="color: black;">持有</span>较高话语权。这种话语权会随着艺人咖位的<span style="color: black;">提高</span>而<span style="color: black;">逐步</span><span style="color: black;">提高</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说,越是当红的艺人,在经纪<span style="color: black;">机构</span>就越有议价能力,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>被<span style="color: black;">机构</span>欺压几乎是不可能的事情。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>,<span style="color: black;">为何</span>几乎每一个粉丝社群都会有自家偶像被打压、被欺侮的感觉呢?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>,在养成系偶像的粉丝看来,自己在现实世界中追随着偶像的脚步,在精神上<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>一位名副其实的“<span style="color: black;">保护</span>者”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在拯救偶像的过程中,粉丝觉得自己实现了自我价值,一方面<span style="color: black;">守护</span>了“<span style="color: black;">处在</span>劣势”的偶像,另一方面敢于站出来同非正义势力做斗争并表达<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>诉求。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这种实现自我价值的成就感,由正义感和使命感<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">第三,自我价值的实现<span style="color: black;">表现</span>在粉丝对圈层的价值贡献。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝社群的建设、粉丝圈层的各色组织、粉丝的内容输出,都需要粉丝<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>生产者用心深耕。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝个体在圈层中的贡献<span style="color: black;">能够</span>直接转化为“自我价值”的实现。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">参与式观察<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,粉丝会为自己在圈子中的贡献感到骄傲,部分粉丝在自我介绍的时候就会直言自己属于某组织、自己参与过某次应援。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">这弥补了粉丝在现实生活中自我价值感的缺失。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">值得<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,以<span style="color: black;">青年</span>女性为主体的粉丝群体改变了凝视关系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">以往,女性常常<span style="color: black;">处在</span>被凝视的位置,幻想明星爱上自己。当下,<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的女性保持着主动付出、积极欣赏美好面孔而凝视男性的<span style="color: black;">心理</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">女性粉丝的这种转变在某种程度上<span style="color: black;">能够</span>视作女性自我赋权的一种,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>说是当代女性自我<span style="color: black;">认识</span>觉醒的一种标志。</span></p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“过渡性<span style="color: black;">行业</span>”的自我满足</span></strong></span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在对偶像形象进行凝视的过程中,粉丝所看到的很大程度上是理想中的自我。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一方面, 偶像的进步能够带给粉丝养成的<span style="color: black;">陪同</span>感;另一方面,偶像的<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">奋斗</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会影响粉丝自己的生活态度。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝会将自我的经历和偶像的经历联系在<span style="color: black;">一块</span>,创造专属于自己和偶像之间的共鸣。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从某种程度<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,粉丝对偶像的迷恋其实是一种对想象中的、理想中的“我”的迷恋。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">英国精神分析学家唐纳德·W. 温尼科特提出了“过渡性客体”的概念。温尼科特认为,内部的自我与<span style="color: black;">外边</span>世界之间有着一个经验的中间区域,并且“内在现实和<span style="color: black;">外边</span>生活都促<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>这个区域的形成”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">基于对儿童<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">行径</span>的观察,在“过渡性客体”的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上,哈灵顿和比尔比在1995年提出了“过渡性<span style="color: black;">行业</span>”的概念,指的是自我和客体之间在一个中间<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的情感纽带。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在自我与<span style="color: black;">外边</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>“过渡性客体”进行互动的过程中,人们会逐步认识到“过渡性<span style="color: black;">行业</span>”是一个安全的地带,虽然这个地带并不完全现实,却能够为<span style="color: black;">自己</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>稳定的安全感,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>有的时候会<span style="color: black;">作为</span>应对焦虑的策略。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">偶像<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>的一个“过渡性客体”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一方面,在自我和<span style="color: black;">外边</span>的沟通中以偶像为缓冲<span style="color: black;">行业</span>。在粉丝社群内社交的过程中,偶像是一个安全的过渡性<span style="color: black;">行业</span><span style="color: black;">专题</span>,能够<span style="color: black;">供给</span>稳定充足的安全感。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另一方面,在粉丝进行亲密关系幻想的过程中,内在现实与<span style="color: black;">外边</span>生活形成稳定连接。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝定向<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>偶像的人设与<span style="color: black;">行径</span>,再融合<span style="color: black;">自己</span>幻想,创建了彼此各异的过渡性<span style="color: black;">行业</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">偶像是粉丝在现实生活的一种精神<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>,从这个<span style="color: black;">道理</span>来理解,偶像就好比人们小时候用以<span style="color: black;">得到</span>安全感的玩具熊。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">玩具熊是现实世界<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的,可能<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">孩儿</span><span style="color: black;">持有</span>外形<span style="color: black;">类似</span>的玩具熊,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>每一个玩具熊所起到的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>、被赋予的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>是<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的——有的充当了<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>的玩伴,有的则给<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>以安全感。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总而言之,<strong style="color: blue;">偶像最大的魅力在于粉丝各自赋予偶像的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">以上三个层面的剖析大致描绘出了粉丝<span style="color: black;">行径</span>的心理动因,这有助于<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>深入<span style="color: black;">认识</span>粉丝文化的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>和运行机制。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa18EIrTycQL4bIqBUhzibYxGvHqiaY8Pcc2DN7BpO0zJzPIOZrEd81OkrQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa1kLlUk7OKibibB0uwnVSs9SSp2sdWLJH4TJFGF9nDccsc2yL2ODVsXJZg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa16uT2mZBdM26nBfzrsibLNHyicgZwclhfmqduOfZiaWf5ADiaer3aicDibPZQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/GX4pasHVlnTbO6iboLr88FxnGZw425Oa1JgicRQyZZmM1lcmGGArxpGYIYXXmQzibYkGY28woMB3dh6VkWSstOUDQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">作者简介</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">李彤,女,1997年出生,北京大学新<span style="color: black;">媒介</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>院博士<span style="color: black;">科研</span>生,<span style="color: black;">科研</span>方向为新<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>与网络传播。</span><span style="color: black;">致力于探索青年亚文化,研判青年群体的思潮变化,<span style="color: black;">数年</span>来以参与式观察法活跃于粉丝社群。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">发布</span>《“饭圈”治理的平台责任:内涵、边界与监督》等多篇论文。</span><span style="color: black;">并于时政杂志《廉政瞭望》<span style="color: black;">发布</span>国际时评十余篇,以青年视角展望世界。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">专家<span style="color: black;">举荐</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝文化<span style="color: black;">科研</span>为<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>揭开了“饭圈”的面纱,书中展现了饭圈的科层化设置和专业化管理,<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>了粉丝以“爱”为名的动员和规训。<span style="color: black;">认识</span>青年文化是把脉青年思潮的前提,《孤岛狂欢》为<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>打开了对话青年的窗口。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——陆绍阳 北京大学<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>与传播学院教授、博士生导师</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">李彤博士的著作兼具理论<span style="color: black;">道理</span>和实践价值。《孤岛狂欢》以多种理论视角深刻<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>寻常社会现象,不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">诱发</span>全社会更深入的思考,<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>青年人清醒地面对潮流、时尚,更理性地面对社会与自我。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——陆士桢 中央团校(中国青年政治学院)教授,原党委书记、常务副校长</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">《孤岛狂欢》是一部<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>实践价值的力作,有助于广大读者和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>者深入<span style="color: black;">认识</span>粉丝社会和饭圈文化,对加强青少年思想引领、强化社会主义核心价值观教育<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>启示<span style="color: black;">道理</span>。本书还对饭圈理论体系做了深入浅出的<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>,为平台规范化治理<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了实现路径,以期<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>社会<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的思考和关注。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——田丽 北京大学新<span style="color: black;">媒介</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>院副院长、博士生导师</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">目录</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>章 你<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>钓鱼,我<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>追星</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第二章 粉丝类别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">圈层阶级</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">性质派系</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第三章 媒介活跃平台</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">社群社交型平台</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">生产力分享型平台</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝八卦型平台</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">功能服务型平台</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第四章 粉丝<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">行径</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">反黑</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">控评</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">打榜</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">商场</span>合作</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">签到</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">代言购买</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第五章 粉丝应援文化</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">应援文化的起源</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日式应援的跨界发展</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">韩式应援的形成</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">韩式应援的成熟</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">应援文化的案例<span style="color: black;">科研</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第六章 同人文化</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">耽美同人文化的世界</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">CP 粉的世界</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">何由不爱红袖爱断袖?——CP 文化迷思</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第七章 理智边界</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粉丝与理智边界</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">她们在追星<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在运营站子——站姐</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">假作真时真<span style="color: black;">也</span>假——代拍</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">畸变的现实认知——私生饭</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第八章 心理机制和社群运营</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ISOOC 模型视角下的粉丝社群</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">完美人设和幻想中的亲密关系</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">自我价值的实现</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“过渡性<span style="color: black;">行业</span>”的自我满足</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第九章 群情鼎沸:饭圈乱象的平台治理与规制策略</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">201群体动力学下的饭圈形成</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">循环反应理论下的平台<span style="color: black;">功效</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“责任铁律”下的平台责任认知</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">平台的饭圈治理<span style="color: black;">状况</span>与问题</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">饭圈治理的规制策略</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">附录 1 访谈手记:秀粉的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>指南</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">附录 2 焦点小组访谈节选</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">赠书</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">说说对本书的心动理由。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">关注<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>,在评论区留言,抽取3位幸运书友,每人赠送《孤岛狂欢——网络空间的粉丝文化》一本。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>会在<span style="color: black;">一月</span>内开奖,在留言区回复中奖书友,请留意查看!</span></p><span style="color: black;">(开奖后,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>按时间提交<span style="color: black;">位置</span>后,<span style="color: black;">一月</span>内没收到赠书,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在任意一篇推文下留言询问赠书寄送进度)</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">等不及?</span><span style="color: black;">扫码直达</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">END</strong><span style="color: black;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">主编丨木月</p>
</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">美术编辑 | <span style="color: black;">小柒</span></span></p><span style="color: black;">图文<span style="color: black;">源自</span> 丨中国人民大学出版社</span>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">阅读<span style="color: black;">愉快</span>!</span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
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