Nature深度综述:针对最平常的血液癌症,哪些创新疗法值得关注?
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">▎药明康德编译整理(<span style="color: black;">源自</span>:《Nature Reviews Drug Discovery》)</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>世界癌症<span style="color: black;">科研</span>基金会(WCRF)的统计,非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)是世界上最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的血液癌症,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>人数占所有癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的3%。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>美国癌症协会(American Cancer Society)的估计,在2019年,将有超过7.4万人确诊患上NHL,其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span>成人和儿童,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>有大约2万人会<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>去世。男性<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>中患上NHL的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>为1/42,女性为1/54。在世界范围内,NHL<span style="color: black;">病人</span>达到150万人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">NHL是一类淋巴肿瘤的总<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>,它是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>淋巴细胞癌变而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的恶性癌症。其中B细胞淋巴瘤(BCL)占NHL的大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>(>85%),其它癌症源于T细胞<span style="color: black;">或</span>天然杀伤细胞的癌变。NHL<span style="color: black;">一般</span>被划分为<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>缓慢的惰性NHL(iNHL),和<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">快速</span>的侵袭性NHL(aNHL)。滤泡性淋巴瘤(FL)和弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)是最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的惰性和侵袭性淋巴瘤亚型,它们分别占NHL<span style="color: black;">病人</span>总数的1/5和1/3。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-ab3288b597f45d33c60bd2784a9413f5_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在治疗NHL的疗法多种多样,包括小分子靶向药,生物制剂和最新的癌症免疫疗法,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>在研疗法中<span style="color: black;">包括</span>了多种创新治疗模式和重磅<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。日前,《Nature Reviews Drug Discovery》上的一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>对治疗NHL的<span style="color: black;">获准</span>和在研疗法进行了盘点,今天,药明康德的<span style="color: black;">微X</span>团队将与读者分享这篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的精彩内容。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">治疗NHL的<span style="color: black;">获准</span>疗法</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>治疗NHL的指南<span style="color: black;">举荐</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>抗CD20靶向疗法——<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是罗氏的Rituxan(rituximab)或Gazyva(obinutuzumab,只适用于治疗FL)与化疗联用,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一线治疗<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>NHL亚型<span style="color: black;">病人</span>对一线疗法的反应率很高(DLBCL 80%;FL 90%),三年<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>率达到70%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。然而<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>患者会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>癌症复发。对复发/难治性NHL(R/R NHL)<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的治疗仍然是一个重大挑战。<span style="color: black;">一般</span>的疗法是抗CD20抗体和更高剂量的化疗,<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">哪些</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>法耐受高剂量化疗的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">运用</span>免疫调节<span style="color: black;">药品</span>与rituximab相结合是一种治疗<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。有些<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>接受自体干细胞移植来<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>缓解。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>,多款创新<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">准许</span>治疗R/R NHL,其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span>靶向CD30的抗体偶联<span style="color: black;">药品</span>(ADC)brentuximab vedotin(Seattle Genetics);两款布鲁顿氏酪氨酸激酶(BTK)<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂——ibrutinib(杨森/艾伯维)和acalabrutinib(阿斯利康);三款PI3Kγ/δ<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂——idelalisib(吉利德科学),copanlisib(拜耳),duvelisib(Verastem Oncology)。FDA<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">准许</span>默沙东的Keytruda(pembrolizumab)治疗R/R原发性纵隔大B细胞淋巴瘤。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>穷尽了这些一二线疗法,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的治疗<span style="color: black;">选取</span>是靶向CD19的CAR-T细胞疗法,它们<span style="color: black;">包含</span>诺华的Kymriah(tisagenlecleucel)和Kite Pharma的Yescarta(axicabtagene ciloleucel)。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">治疗NHL的在研疗法</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>有多种创新在研疗法<span style="color: black;">处在</span>后期临床<span style="color: black;">研发</span><span style="color: black;">周期</span>,并且表现出良好的疗效,其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span>:</p>
页:
[1]