显著加强肿瘤治疗效果!南京医科大学:揭示肿瘤治疗靶向新办法
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240509/178938feab0941949ab33abb56a46648.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">作者:Jerry</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">导读:</strong><span style="color: black;">食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)是一种发病率高、病死率高、预后差的消化道恶性肿瘤。虽然<span style="color: black;">包含</span>手术、化疗和放疗在内的联合治疗<span style="color: black;">持续</span>进步,但食管鳞癌的靶向治疗仍不发达。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5月5日,南京医科大学<span style="color: black;">科研</span>团队在期刊《Advanced Science》上<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了题为“Development of a Specific Aptamer-Modified Nano-System to Treat Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma”的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>论文,<strong style="color: blue;">本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>介绍了ESCC特异性DNA适配体以及一种创新的适配体修饰纳米系统,用于靶向<span style="color: black;">药品</span>和基因递送,以有效<span style="color: black;">控制</span>ESCC。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q2.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240509/6b54961864ec4019903cf04efefba1b1.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/advs.202309084</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>背景</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">01</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">食管癌是癌症<span style="color: black;">关联</span>死亡的第六大<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>。值得<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,中国约95%的食管癌病例被诊断为食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)。这种亚型<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>高死亡率和不良预后。ESCC的常规治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>手术、化疗、免疫疗法和放疗,以及它们的组合。然而,这些全身治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>难以区分正常细胞和癌细胞,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>非特异性细胞毒性和随后的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。这些<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的疗效进一步降低,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>其靶向能力不足,在ESCC肿瘤内的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>释放<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不一致。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,ESCC的总体五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率仍然非常低,<span style="color: black;">小于</span>20%。这凸显了迫切<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>更有效的ESCC特异性<span style="color: black;">工具</span>,以改善食管癌治疗结果的必要性。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">纳米<span style="color: black;">药品</span>递送系统(NDDS)<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一种<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>载体,因其在癌症治疗中的独特<span style="color: black;">优良</span>而备受关注。这些<span style="color: black;">优良</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>溶解度、<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>在肿瘤组织内的分布、降低细胞毒性、穿越生物屏障的能力以及联合用药的可能性。<span style="color: black;">重要</span>是,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>将NDDS附着在肿瘤特异性细胞表面受体上,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>放大<span style="color: black;">药品</span>递送的效能和特异性。经过修饰的NDDS只靶向恶性细胞,而对健康细胞<span style="color: black;">没</span>害,从而<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了治疗效果。<span style="color: black;">这里</span><span style="color: black;">基本</span>上,<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员引入了天然蛋黄脂纳米载体(EYLNs)。该载体<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>较高的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>负载能力、延长的<span style="color: black;">身体</span>循环时间、<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>渗透和<span style="color: black;">保存</span>(EPR)效应<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>积聚以及改善细胞内渗透等优点,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>保持高生物相容性。它有望有效将化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>和核酸<span style="color: black;">药品</span>直接<span style="color: black;">传送</span>至肿瘤部位。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>亮点</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">02</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员<span style="color: black;">经过</span>蛋白质印迹、实时细胞分析(RTCA)、流式细胞术和侵袭实验<span style="color: black;">评定</span>了EA1-修饰的PTX/siEFNA1-装载纳米<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对KYSE-150细胞的<span style="color: black;">控制</span>效果。<span style="color: black;">经过</span>EA1修饰<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>了siEFNA1的有效递送,从而<span style="color: black;">明显</span>降低了ESCC细胞中的EFNA1表达。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,将KYSE-150细胞暴露于<span style="color: black;">各样</span>纳米<span style="color: black;">药品</span>和PTX后<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,siEFNA1递送<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了PTX<span style="color: black;">控制</span>KYSE-150细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和<span style="color: black;">加强</span>细胞凋亡水平的能力。EA1修饰后效果更加<span style="color: black;">明显</span>。<strong style="color: blue;">这<span style="color: black;">显示</span>EA1<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>纳米<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的结合效率,从而产生更强的抗肿瘤效果。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员采用带有荧光素酶标记的KYSE-150细胞<span style="color: black;">创立</span>了皮下食管鳞状细胞癌小鼠肿瘤模型。在第35天,采用五联疗法后,治疗组小鼠的肿瘤体积<span style="color: black;">显著</span>减小。与PBS组(350 mm3)相比,仅增长100 mm3,<span style="color: black;">表示</span>出<span style="color: black;">明显</span>差异。这<span style="color: black;">显示</span>siEFNA1有<span style="color: black;">潜能</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤生长。图1(c-g)中的观察结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,与其他治疗相比,在EYLNs中加入PTX和siEFNA1的组合效果最佳,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肿瘤生长最小化。<span style="color: black;">重要</span>的是,引入EA1修饰进一步优化了这种<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。虽然EYLN-PTX/siEFNA1<span style="color: black;">已然</span>能够有效地<span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤生长,但EA1-修饰的版本进一步将肿瘤体积和重量减少了约50%。这<span style="color: black;">显示</span>联合治疗相<span style="color: black;">针对</span>单一治疗<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,采集肿瘤组织并用转移酶dUTP末端标记(TUNEL)和Ki67的免疫组织化学(IHC)进行染色,对TUNEL和Ki67的特异性染色图像和定量分析<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,EA1-EYLNs-PTX/siEFNA1<span style="color: black;">极重</span>地<span style="color: black;">控制</span>了细胞增殖并促进了细胞凋亡。<strong style="color: blue;">用EA1-EYLNs-PTX/siEFNA1治疗的小鼠表现出<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的细胞凋亡诱导效应,这<span style="color: black;">显示</span>其<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>强大的抗癌和生长<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</strong>这与体外抗肿瘤活性<span style="color: black;">评定</span>中观察到的积极结果相吻合。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240509/1295573c72834702859d721c6cf0545c.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">图1:EA1-EYLNs-PTX/siEFNA1在KYSE-150荷瘤小鼠<span style="color: black;">身体</span>ESCC抑癌效果</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>结论</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">03</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总之,本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>,经过适配体修饰的纳米系统有望实现对肿瘤的更有效靶向递药和递送基因。这为食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)靶向治疗<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了潜在的靶向<span style="color: black;">工具</span>,为有前途的转化和应用开辟了途径。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">参考资料:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/advs.202309084</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">注:本文旨在介绍医学<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>,<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>参考。如需<span style="color: black;">得到</span>健康<span style="color: black;">指点</span>,请至正规医院就诊。</span></p>
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