甲状腺结节手术不留疤，选腔镜手术还是消融？传统手术还有没优良？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不是<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>了甲状腺结节就要手术，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>当结节<span style="color: black;">成长</span>达到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度，影响到身体的正常功能，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>压迫到了食管、气管、喉返神经，<span style="color: black;">或</span>是有恶性的可能时，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>手术治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而去除甲状腺结节，<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的消融和腔镜手术<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>不在脖子上留疤，受到了越来越多的关注。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>哪一种手术方式，不单单是看手术方式的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>，更<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是看结节的性质等<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>适合哪一种，当然还要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>病人<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>的意愿。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>采用的手术方式<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有传统开放手术、腔镜手术、消融手术。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">传统开放手术</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">传统开放手术<span style="color: black;">便是</span>在甲状腺的临近部位切口，行甲状腺病灶切除，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有转移<span style="color: black;">必须</span>做淋巴结清扫，伤口<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会相应大<span style="color: black;">有些</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">优良</span>：手术切除治疗是根治甲状腺结节最常用的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。几乎所有的甲状腺结节，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>良性结节和恶性结节都适用。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有恶性细胞转移淋巴结，传统开放手术<span style="color: black;">更易</span>做到<span style="color: black;">周边</span>淋巴结的清扫，降低残留病灶和复发的几率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不足：开放手术<span style="color: black;">必须</span>切除甲状腺组织，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>甲状腺的功能会因切除组织的多少而受到不同程度的影响；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">虽然<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的切口多采用沿着皮纹入路的方式，切口<span style="color: black;">一般</span>会<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>在皮纹里，且是美容缝合，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>疤痕并不会很<span style="color: black;">显著</span>，但倘若是瘢痕体质，本身容易<span style="color: black;">显现</span>瘢痕增生，术后可能会<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行瘢痕的<span style="color: black;">控制</span>增生或修复治疗；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">术后切口<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的细心护理，少部分护理<span style="color: black;">欠妥</span>会有感染<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-aa489557b575c4614d702e99710f1058_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">腔镜手术</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腔镜手术算是在传统手术<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上，利用新技术而实施的一种手术，本质上是一种“美容”手术方式，目的是体表切口痕迹做到最小。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腔镜手术的切口不在脖颈处，而是转移到相对“隐蔽”的位置，如腋窝、乳晕、口腔内等处。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腔镜<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">创立</span>起来的皮下通道，“长途跋涉”达到甲状腺，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>再在腔镜的观察下切除病灶。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">优良</span>：腔镜手术减轻了术后的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、伤口小且隐匿、愈合快，有<span style="color: black;">必要</span>的美容需求的话，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>采用。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不足：一方面是在内镜“长途跋涉”时<span style="color: black;">必须</span>皮下剥离<span style="color: black;">创立</span>通道，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>其实创伤不小。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">另一方面，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是恶性组织，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的进路可能会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>种植转移；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有淋巴结转移较多<span style="color: black;">必须</span>清扫，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>内镜有视野盲区，<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能会有残留病灶的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">腔镜手术更适合良性肿瘤，恶性肿瘤的腔镜治疗仍在探索之中。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-c96835c69c326644403b3737246e4255_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">消融治疗</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">消融<span style="color: black;">包含</span>热消融、冷消融、化学消融。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>甲状腺治疗上最常用到的是热消融里的射频消融和微波消融。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">热消融的原理是用热能让病变组织细胞坏死，之后消融的甲状腺组织<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>被人体吸收，从而达到<span style="color: black;">不消</span>手术就能够清除病变的目的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">优良</span>：手术时间短；微创不开刀、不留疤痕；不切除甲状腺组织，<span style="color: black;">保存</span>甲状腺功能。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不足：<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>甲状腺结节太大，可能要分多次做，慢慢消融；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有严重的凝血功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，严重心肺功能不全，病灶对侧声带功能不正常，<span style="color: black;">常常</span>不适合做消融。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">消融更适合相对并不大的良性结节，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>结节很大，或多发，位置<span style="color: black;">不良</span>，不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>做消融；<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是恶性的结节，或有转移<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>非常不适合<span style="color: black;">选取</span>消融治疗，此时仍然<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>传统开放外科手术进行治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">几种手术方式各有<span style="color: black;">优良</span>和不足，<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>哪种，要综合多方面<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，降低<span style="color: black;">危害</span>的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>让治疗<span style="color: black;">得到</span>更大收益。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-4f3949e971846aaaefb7d43c3e1fc45a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">再来提醒一下：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前面说了不是所有的甲状腺结节都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术，但还是<span style="color: black;">必须</span>做好<span style="color: black;">定时</span>复查的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>良性甲状腺结节，甲功正常，生长速度较慢，<span style="color: black;">无</span>产生压迫症状，不影响美观的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">定时</span>随访是行之有效的观察<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
楼主的文章深得我心，表示由衷的感谢！
页:
[1]