空腹与饭前服药有区别吗?睡前服药是吃完药就睡觉?瞧瞧吃对了吗
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在医院值班时,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>都很关心是饭前吃药还是饭后吃药,吃药时间与吃饭时间隔开多久才好?<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>误以为饭前吃药<span style="color: black;">便是</span>空腹吃药。灵魂拷问:饭前难道不是空腹吗?貌似有<span style="color: black;">那样</span>些道理,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>在服药时间上,空腹服药与饭前服药还是有区别的,本文先分析西药,后续会更新中药的服药时间。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/dfic-imagehandler/d4790a4f-4f11-46ec-9364-f2ea727bc1b2~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=0FtJtnNDOr57Ak7CRELjsdrcD5A%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">1.空腹服药</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">空腹服药,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>清晨“空腹”时用药(<span style="color: black;">无</span>吃早饭前30-60分钟),<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有:</p>降压药 人体血压有在清晨、下午各<span style="color: black;">显现</span>一次高峰,<span style="color: black;">半夜</span>最低,高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span>为有效<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>血压,<span style="color: black;">每日</span>服一次长效降压药或长效缓释片,如卡托普利 (开搏通)、培哚普利 (雅施达)、贝那普利 (洛汀新)等,以早晨空腹<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>为佳。泻药 如硫酸镁、蓖麻油、硫酸钠(芒硝)等。抗抑郁药 这与抑郁病人发病症状在早晨较重<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。与<span style="color: black;">食品</span>同吃能降低生物利用度的<span style="color: black;">药品</span> :如四环素类 (<span style="color: black;">包含</span>甲烯土霉素、强力霉素等)、利福平和雷米封 (异烟肼) 等。2.<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/7cdf9e62ce6748918e20b1d33638b753~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=f0usEhqKAFogPKRkrYweQkx9dFc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">2.饭前服药</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在吃饭前30-60分钟。<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有:</p>部分降糖药 部分降糖药,如瑞格列奈、格列喹酮、格列吡嗪、格列齐特等,餐前<span style="color: black;">吃下</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>有效降低餐后血糖,但<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要规律用餐,避免低血糖。促胃动力药 吗丁啉 (多潘立酮)、甲氧氯普胺 (胃复安) 和西沙比利 (普瑞博思) 等应在饭前 30 分钟<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>。助消化药 如乳酶生、多酶片以及六神曲等<span style="color: black;">必须</span>饭前服药,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>避免胃酸的杀灭<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。胃黏膜<span style="color: black;">守护</span>剂 如硫糖铝、果胶铋、德诺 (胶体次枸橼酸铋) 和枸橼酸铋钾等。部分抗菌药 如阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片、伏立康唑片餐前<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>是<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">食品</span>会影响<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的吸收。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/40628349fec44fbf8796d7e5c9d45e85~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=URtkYGmcyt55l9ankjGV5NPQtaw%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">3.餐中服药(饭时服药)</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在饭前<span style="color: black;">稍许</span>或与饭同服,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有:</p>部分降糖药 α- 糖苷酶<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂(拜唐苹等)应在<span style="color: black;">摄食</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>口饭时<span style="color: black;">同期</span>“嚼服”(不要吞服)。螺内酯 抗尿路感染药 服药时<span style="color: black;">必须</span>与碱性<span style="color: black;">食品</span>或蔬菜<span style="color: black;">一块</span>吃,必要时可同服小苏打片,以<span style="color: black;">加强</span>抗感染功效。脂溶性<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,如灰黄霉素等。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/7bc64c310d4c4911b60b1674abe90881~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=W4kWO6IvrkMrg1MfONz%2FQrVLL20%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">4.饭后服药</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在吃饭后30-60分钟服药。</p>对胃黏膜刺激<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的药:如消炎痛(吲哚美辛)、保泰松等药。抗酸药,如氢氧化铝片或胃舒平。维生素类<span style="color: black;">食品</span>能<span style="color: black;">加强</span>生物利用度的药,如地高辛。容易被胃酸破坏的药,如硫酸锌。红霉素 红霉素对胃刺激很大,<span style="color: black;">意见</span>饭后服药。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p26-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/76509e1ba0064a69b6ee6d02884ab98b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=%2BddXNhTNBhqFI2pFeI7LWI9Rn%2FY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">5.睡前服药</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">睡前15-30分钟服药,但不是吃完药就立即睡觉。<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有:</p>缓泻药 这类药<span style="color: black;">通常</span>服药后8到10小时会使机体排出软便,应在睡前服药。抗过敏药 这类药容易使人嗜睡,<span style="color: black;">意见</span>在睡前半小时服药。<span style="color: black;">助眠</span>药 驱虫药 甲苯咪唑 (<span style="color: black;">安泰</span>士)、阿苯咪唑 ,驱蛔药如哌嗪(驱虫灵)、噻嘧啶(驱虫灵)等,正确时间应是睡前服药。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/b2c6725d77bf4ec3bd3923b71bcbdece~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=%2FSF2TbrV%2FmvxEB84hutelhM0UsU%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">6.服药时间不受<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>影响的<span style="color: black;">药品</span></h1>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/8fba64f503e24454bec705a143c7409c~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723558987&x-signature=nFtke%2ByZfFRFrPFGuf1jRlsDxKc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本文参考文献:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">杨丽雄,蔡丽秋.406种口服<span style="color: black;">药物</span>说明书用药时间与<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的统计分析.海峡药学,2020,32(03):192-195.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">陆基宗.何时服药 大有讲究——清晨? 空腹? 饭前? 饭后? 睡前?.心血管病防治知识(科普版),2017(23):12-16.</p>
楼主的文章深得我心,表示由衷的感谢! “沙发”(SF,第一个回帖的人) 感谢你的精彩评论,带给我新的思考角度。 我完全同意你的观点,说得太对了。 你说得对,我们一起加油,未来可期。 感谢你的精彩评论,带给我新的思考角度。
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