老北京人都未必晓得 正宗老北京打卤面里有这么多讲儿(附菜谱)
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>说炸酱面是老北京人食谱里的家常,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>,打卤面则是在<span style="color: black;">有些</span>特殊日子里<span style="color: black;">才可</span>上台面的一种面条,它的<span style="color: black;">显现</span>,<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>有一种仪式感。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一个人起码会在<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>之中的三个场合遇到打卤面。其中有两个场合虽然重要,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>当事人却吃不上那碗面,一个是出生三天,另一个是过世三天,前者谓之“洗三”,后者谓之“接三”。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>出生的第三天叫做洗三,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫“三朝洗儿”。到了这一天,家里会邀请亲朋好友,给<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>举行沐浴仪式,目的一是为了洗涤<span style="color: black;">肮脏</span>,二是祈祥祈福,三<span style="color: black;">便是</span>要吃打卤面,共贺新生。这个仪式古已有之,今天它的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>形式和内容<span style="color: black;">已然</span>湮灭在历史尘埃中,<span style="color: black;">有些</span>讲究老理儿的家庭可能还<span style="color: black;">保存</span>着吃打卤面的习俗。在雍和宫的法轮殿里,<span style="color: black;">摆设</span>着一个<span style="color: black;">非常</span>精美的“鱼龙变化盆”,这是当年乾隆皇帝出生三天时举行洗三仪式的澡盆,可见,即使在皇家,洗三活动<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">非常</span>隆重的。可惜的是,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>当事人的婴儿,不谙世事,更谈不到吃一口专门为他(她)准备的打卤面了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">再一个<span style="color: black;">便是</span>人死后三天要举行接三仪式,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫“迎三”、“送三”,旧俗认为,人死后第三天要去阴曹地府报到,家人要举行一个送行仪式,这天<span style="color: black;">夜晚</span>,家里人要请来吹鼓手、焚化纸糊的车马<span style="color: black;">名人</span>,举行一个祭奠活动,<span style="color: black;">一样</span>必吃打卤面。可惜的是,当事人<span style="color: black;">一样</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>吃不到这碗打卤面了。真正能够吃到为自己做的打卤面,那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>在每年过生日的那天,北京人必定要吃打卤面。加上家里人都要过生日,这么一来,一年之中,怎么<span style="color: black;">亦</span>得吃上几顿打卤面。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除此之外,北京人还讲究个“头伏饺子二伏面”和“初一饺子初二面”,<span style="color: black;">虽然说</span>这二伏天的面条不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>非得是打卤,大热天吃一顿拔凉的芝麻酱面<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是不错,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>讲究些的人家在这天,还是会吃一顿打卤面的。至于大年初二的面条,自然是非打卤面不可。平日里,老北京请人在家里做客,是不作兴吃面条的,唯独吃打卤面<span style="color: black;">能够</span>,这个饭食叫做“炒菜面”,先摆上四碟八碗喝酒,最后吃打卤面。旧时,谁家盖房,上房梁的时候,<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会准备一顿打卤面,以示<span style="color: black;">注重</span>。打卤面备炒菜的这种吃法,天津更加<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>更加<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>隆重,打卤面简直<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>陪衬。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可见,在面条一族里,打卤面是领军之物。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">扯了半天打卤面,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>,地道的老北京打卤面是怎么做的呢?且容我慢慢道来。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/153157711041869e92ccc5f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1721484921&x-signature=%2FTmTclDWNpBy5zGlatd6PhZaLik%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>,许多食谱和美食栏(节)目,混淆了卤面和汆面,其实两者的区别<span style="color: black;">非常</span>简单,<span style="color: black;">所说</span>打卤面,<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>做好的浇在面上的汤汁里勾芡,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>老北京打卤面的卤汁里边的食材多达十来种,有<span style="color: black;">知道</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,缺一不可。浇在面条上面不加芡汁的叫做汆儿面,汆面的材料比较单一,<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>以什么食材制成就叫做什么汆儿,用羊肉制作就叫羊肉汆面,拿茄子做,就叫茄子汆面,大白菜做的自然叫做白菜汆。这个“汆”字,读起来要加上儿化音方为京腔。打卤面吃的时候不加面码,而汆面则<span style="color: black;">能够</span>加入诸如黄瓜丝一类的面码。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有的人分别用“清卤”和“混卤”两种,来区分汆面和卤面,清卤<span style="color: black;">便是</span>不勾芡的汆;混卤<span style="color: black;">便是</span>打卤面的勾芡卤。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">打卤面的面条<span style="color: black;">必要</span>是抻面<span style="color: black;">或</span>手擀面,面条的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>做法我在写芝麻酱面和炸酱面的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>里<span style="color: black;">已然</span>说过,<span style="color: black;">这儿</span><span style="color: black;">再也不</span>赘述。面条煮熟盛在碗里应该<span style="color: black;">不外</span>半碗,加上卤汁满满一大碗,标准的吃法是卤净面干,即卤汁和面条<span style="color: black;">一块</span>吃完,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>面条下去了,碗里剩下稀里咣当半碗澥了的卤子,小时候,为吃打卤面,没少挨<span style="color: black;">成人</span>数落。这一点,与陕西岐山臊子面正好相反。吃打卤面碗里不剩下卤,<span style="color: black;">必须</span>卤汁<span style="color: black;">必要</span>浓厚,一餐打卤面<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>地道,最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的是看卤。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>,一锅合格的老北京打卤面的卤汁都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>什么材料,其制作过程又是<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>呢?以下食材不可或缺:上好的五花肉,口蘑、松蘑、干香菇,木耳,黄花菜,玉兰片,海米、干贝,鹿角菜,鸡蛋,湿淀粉,花椒,葱姜蒜。或许是所需食材众多,仪式感强,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>有的人把打卤面<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫做大卤面,这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>未尝不可。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">详细</span>做法如下:</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">将大块五花肉洗净放入凉水,水中放料酒、大葱、姜片,花椒大料煮至用筷子能够扎透,取出晾凉,切成薄片放入煮肉的水中。煮肉的水<span style="color: black;">能够</span>宽些,撇去浮沫和调味料<span style="color: black;">保存</span>待用。准备的五花肉不妨量大些,这次用不完<span style="color: black;">不碍事</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>留做他用,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用来做蒜泥白肉、回锅肉。这么做目的是煮肉的汤水更加醇厚,当然,汤水宜宽些,以此<span style="color: black;">做为</span>卤汁的底汤。更讲究的做法是吊一锅高汤,用它来调制卤汁。我<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>从简了,味道相差不大。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">取五六朵干香菇、松蘑,干海米、干贝各十几粒洗净分别用凉水泡发至松软,泡发食材的水静置澄清,因其带有香菇、松蘑和海米干贝的香味,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>要<span style="color: black;">保存</span>,倒入煮肉的水中,取出蘑菇洗去尘沙,去蒂改刀切薄片。取适量木耳、黄花菜泡发之后洗净,将处理后的这些食材<span style="color: black;">所有</span>倒入煮肉的汤水里。<span style="color: black;">必须</span>提示的是,这些食材均以干货为宜,虽然市面上有鲜香菇、鲜木耳等出售,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>,干货带有的独特天然的香味是鲜品所不具备的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">玉兰片泡去里面的酸涩味,切片放入汤水。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">下面,最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的食材闪亮登场,这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>口蘑。口蘑在正宗的老北京打卤面里是绝对<span style="color: black;">不可</span>缺少的一味食材。它在打卤面里,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>画龙点睛的那个“睛”,<span style="color: black;">无</span>它,就做不出那个传统正宗的味道。口蘑是产自内蒙古地区的一种<span style="color: black;">宝贵</span>食材,产量<span style="color: black;">稀疏</span>,香味独特浓郁,且<span style="color: black;">没</span>法人工培植,故尔价格昂贵。旧时,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>内蒙古地区的土特产都<span style="color: black;">经过</span>张家口输入内地,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,这种蘑菇被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为口蘑。虽然价格不低,产量很少,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>,<span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>网购,还是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>买到的,况且,做一锅打卤面的卤汁,用个十来粒口蘑<span style="color: black;">就可</span>,买来一两,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>吃好几次。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">口蘑产自草原沙地,很难清洗。<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>是用凉水冲洗掉表面浮土,之后放入热水泡发,泡发时盖上盖子,保持其香味不散失。待口蘑泡软后,原汤<span style="color: black;">保存</span>,澄清后倒入煮肉的汤水,将口蘑取出放入一个大碗里,像打鸡蛋<span style="color: black;">同样</span>搅拌,之后将水倒出,反复操作,直至碗底<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>有泥沙为止,这个<span style="color: black;">过程</span>大约<span style="color: black;">必须</span>十几次<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>,前两三次清洗口蘑的水<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">保存</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>。<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>去除沙子?<span style="color: black;">由于</span>口蘑皱褶里的砂砾<span style="color: black;">非常</span>细小,而口蘑泡发后又很娇嫩,<span style="color: black;">没</span>法用手来揉搓除沙,除此别<span style="color: black;">没</span>他法。<span style="color: black;">一样</span>,鹿角菜<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一种不多见的食材,它是一种海藻,形如鹿角,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫龙须菜,久煮则化,从网上<span style="color: black;">能够</span>买到,价格<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不贵,做打卤面时后放,有一小把<span style="color: black;">就可</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/1531577110542efab19cd54~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1721484921&x-signature=lZmsyT98tRl%2Fb1ALCh6Nt30ve7Q%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>的准备工作基本完成,此时做卤汁便简单了。将所有食材放进一口大锅,加入煮肉的汤水,加入蚝油一匙,老抽一匙,生抽两匙,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>视咸度和色泽适当增减,大火煮十几分钟,加入半匙白糖提鲜,视口味再适量加盐。此时调一碗水淀粉,分次加入锅里,直至卤汁如豆腐脑上面的卤汁般浓稠时即为合适。此时在勾好芡的卤汁里打入两三个打散的鸡蛋,使鸡蛋花浮在卤汁上。卤汁上撒<span style="color: black;">有些</span>葱花,关火,另取一口锅,用香油炸花椒,油热之后倒进卤汁上,呲的一声,一锅散发着浓浓香气的混卤就算打好啦。打卤面的卤汁不宜太咸,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>吃打卤面讲究的是盛在碗里的卤和面<span style="color: black;">一块</span>吃光。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>芡汁宜厚,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>吃面时卤汁澥了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">我家吃打卤面时还会准备两种调料,一是蒜泥,二是腌胡萝卜丝,在面碗里加上少许,会增味不少,<span style="color: black;">据述</span>,这是旗人的吃法。腌胡萝卜丝<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>找,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>自制,取一根胡萝卜擦丝,加盐暴腌,有半小时就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>食用。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/15315771107402f16ae800f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1721484921&x-signature=SFRqtGlxSLzV4frWgfFFnJPnXv0%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以上是传统老北京打卤面的做法,还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>将卤汁里的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>食材适当增减,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>加入鲍鱼、海参、大虾,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>海鲜打卤面,去除五花肉,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>纯素的打卤面。吃货们,别望梅止渴了,动手吧。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">(此稿为美食家孟春明先生特约稿件,京范儿已<span style="color: black;">得到</span>授权)</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">源自</span>:北京晚报 记者 张鹏</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">编辑:tf2046</strong></p>
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对于这个问题,我有不同的看法... 你字句如珍珠,我珍藏这份情。 楼主发的这篇帖子,我觉得非常有道理。
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