论坛 › 江西 › 湘雅二医院郑煜煌：湖南治“艾”第1人的故事

b1gc8v 发表于 2024-6-28 10:45:21

湘雅二医院郑煜煌：湖南治“艾”第1人的故事

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfwyRfdNRRicQiaY72dYoEu4DI1epqKa2Quf72LQxJ5WVaCnFtobyG5y0A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">△</span></strong>郑煜煌在艾滋病<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室与病人交流</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">在中南大学湘雅二医院精卫楼21楼，楼梯拐角房间贴着“中南大学湘雅二医院艾滋病<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室”字样，门口摆放着五个上锁的档案柜，柜门玻璃上贴着白纸，里面装着17年来部分艾滋病人的就诊<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>资料。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“怎么会是我”、“我不想活了”……曾在郑煜煌接诊的艾滋病人中，大部分得知确诊会有<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的反应？</span><span style="color: black;">郑教授会充当一位倾听者，让对方重燃生的<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>，再帮他量身定制治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">郑煜煌是湘雅二医院感染科教授，一级<span style="color: black;">专家</span>医师，美国宾州大学医学院博士后，他被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为湖南省防治和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>艾滋病的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>人。</span><span style="color: black;">从2000年他牵头创建了<strong style="color: blue;">湖南首个艾滋病实验室及艾滋病专科门诊</strong>，2001年全省率先<span style="color: black;">起始</span>抗艾滋病毒治疗，迄今为止郑教授已经诊断治疗了<strong style="color: blue;">来自省内外的艾滋病毒感染者和<span style="color: black;">病人</span>近6000人</strong>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>在湘雅二医院门诊<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>治疗者近千名病人中<span style="color: black;">迄今</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>一例死亡。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfSxNHjvZqpGj91Yib7gNAMIk8HlYFibPLYSuW1YVDARIqaDmIKrVibU1jg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">△郑煜煌给大学生讲科普课</span></strong></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfyobck9nyjUsoJmfhwqal4ciaQtvQ3OTpXp00m050sB9Qfb56PEPkYrQ/640?wx_fmt=gif&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>都曾深陷绝望，他是一位很好的倾听者</strong></span><span style="color: black;">“怎么会是我，我不想活了”这是不少艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>确诊时常说的话，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是郑煜煌教授最常听到的一句话。</span><span style="color: black;">在中南大学湘雅二医院艾滋病专科门诊，郑煜煌面对形形色色的病人，他是一位很好的“倾听者”，常常在仔细听完病人的倾诉之后，一遍又一遍地梳理<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>与病情毫<span style="color: black;">没</span>关系的“来龙去脉”来安抚<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一个<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>嫌弃病人，绝望的病人把我当成救命稻草。”郑煜煌说，每一个与艾滋病抗争的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，都让他感触颇深，几乎每一个艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>都深陷焦虑和恐惧。郑煜煌回忆道，他曾接诊过长沙一个对夫妇，两人都<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>20多岁，从小青梅竹马，结婚后生下了<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">“当时<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>经常<span style="color: black;">患病</span>，一年住了3次院。”郑煜煌说，从基层医院到省城医院，肺部经常感染，免疫力低，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>辗转找到了他，<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>确诊感染HIV。</span><span style="color: black;">郑煜煌说，不到一岁的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>感染HIV，他很自然想到了母婴传播，于是为其母亲做了<span style="color: black;">检测</span>查出感染HIV。听到这个<span style="color: black;">信息</span>，<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>母亲<span style="color: black;">就地</span>痛哭，而<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>感染她<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不知情。</span><span style="color: black;">“她说自己<span style="color: black;">每日</span>就在家里养猪种菜连县城都没去过，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>和其他人<span style="color: black;">出现</span>关系。”郑煜煌<span style="color: black;">意见</span>其丈夫做了<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，证实了自己的猜测，丈夫<span style="color: black;">亦</span>感染了HIV。至于源头，在与两人的聊天中，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>丈夫坦言曾多次去过娱乐场所。</span><span style="color: black;">“绝望紧张与焦虑，这是每位<span style="color: black;">病人</span>确诊时都有的。”郑煜煌说，每每遇到确诊的病人，他都会静下心来听听<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的故事，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>讲他接诊的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>和<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的治疗效果，让<span style="color: black;">病人</span>重拾<span style="color: black;">自信心</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">在两人灰心失望时，郑煜煌给了<span style="color: black;">她们</span>重生的<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>。给<span style="color: black;">她们</span>量体裁衣制定了合适的治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>，在郑教授和病人的密切<span style="color: black;">协同</span>下，半年后两人血液中检测不出病毒，这<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着传染性很小。在抗病毒治疗一年后，女子正常怀孕，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>母婴阻断服药，围产期正确处理加上人工哺乳，全程跟踪<span style="color: black;">干涉</span>成功助其生下了健康的宝宝。</span><span style="color: black;">这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是郑煜煌挽救<span style="color: black;">许多</span>家庭中的其中一例。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYf8EdFyickm9bDSJmmdiaibNaibdOFCZMUuy9H5E4n6dt2mevuBlS0NwVIJQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">△</span></strong>郑煜煌给艾滋病人看病</span></strong></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfwfPGObPppRxa9lshf75h3ue0B16icmmeJMhqvJiahzjB0yLAnkiaKe2zQ/640?wx_fmt=gif&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">抗病毒早治疗18年，迄今<span style="color: black;">没</span>一例<span style="color: black;">病人</span>死亡</span><span style="color: black;">在湘雅二医院艾滋病<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室，一间普通的实验室被隔<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>两部分，桌子上摆放着<span style="color: black;">各样</span>检验仪器。门口摆放着五个柜子，柜门玻璃被贴上了白纸来保密。</span><span style="color: black;">“这是18年来接诊的部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>资料，都<span style="color: black;">保留</span>在<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>。”郑煜煌说，文件盒里<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>记录的病人的基本信息，治疗<span style="color: black;">状况</span>等等，除了纸质版，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>还整理了电子档案。只要是他<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>跟踪治疗的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>面都能找的到。</span><span style="color: black;">看似普通的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室，郑煜煌带领艾滋病专科门诊做出了令人震惊的成绩。<strong style="color: blue;">2000年，他牵头创建了湖南首个艾滋病实验室和艾滋病专科门诊，收治了湖南首例艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，2001年<span style="color: black;">起始</span>了湖南<span style="color: black;">第1</span>例成人艾滋病抗病毒治疗。</strong><strong style="color: blue;">2003年开展了湖南首例儿童艾滋病抗病毒治疗，2005年省内首次成功完成艾滋病母婴传播病例。</strong></span><span style="color: black;">“艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>‘零死亡’。”<span style="color: black;">说到</span>这个数据，郑煜煌<span style="color: black;">特别有</span><span style="color: black;">自信心</span>，十<span style="color: black;">数年</span>来<span style="color: black;">她们</span>团队共咨询和检测有传播艾滋病高危<span style="color: black;">行径</span>者近10000人次，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>艾滋病病毒感染者并<span style="color: black;">起步</span>治疗2200多例，在<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>治疗的近1000例艾滋病人中迄今<span style="color: black;">没</span>一例死亡。</span><span style="color: black;">郑煜煌<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，凡是接受规范抗病毒治疗并达到预期效果者，其预期寿命与当地平均寿命<span style="color: black;">无</span>太大差距。他坦言，对艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>还存在<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的<span style="color: black;">卑视</span>，“<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是很受家庭成员和熟悉人群的排斥。”</span><span style="color: black;">据中国<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>预防<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中心的报告，<span style="color: black;">截止</span>2018年8月31日，我国大陆报告现存活艾滋病病毒感染者和病人是841478人。我国提出的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>是，<span style="color: black;">需求</span>2020年要力争实现“三个九”的艾滋病防治工作<span style="color: black;">目的</span>，即<strong style="color: blue;">90%<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>率、90%治疗率和90%治疗成功率</strong>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，世卫组织的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>是达到零艾滋病新发感染、零艾滋病<span style="color: black;">关联</span>死亡，零<span style="color: black;">卑视</span>艾滋病人、&nbsp;“达到三个九迈向三个零，这<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>工作的总<span style="color: black;">目的</span>，任务相对比较艰巨。”郑煜煌说。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfmSMgQAubNjicMohueX3QhA8icDsUeHwGYtEn6QOyQ5csRTkPvDxDBQdQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">△郑煜煌在戒毒所与艾滋病人问诊</span></strong></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfjOpt3Tpe7uCgmGGziaCL6ibtBQhn9wdWxsWV5cEGf4vEcuB6P5fo2g8g/640?wx_fmt=gif&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">最早提倡<span style="color: black;">初期</span>抗病毒治疗，实时<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>病情</span><span style="color: black;">郑煜煌的艾滋事业要追溯到1994年，当时在美国雅礼学会的赞助下，他前往美国宾州大学<span style="color: black;">科研</span>肝病。契机<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在半年后，本应因<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>到期而回国的郑煜煌受到了美国专家的赏识，得到继续赞助，<span style="color: black;">不外</span>赞助的课题却换<span style="color: black;">成为了</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>艾滋病。</span><span style="color: black;">1998年，郑煜煌回到湖南，在中南大学湘雅二医院肝病专科任职。此时国内对艾滋病还鲜有<span style="color: black;">科研</span>，省内<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>是一片空白。<span style="color: black;">许多</span>领导鼓励他投身省艾滋病防治<span style="color: black;">科研</span>事业，家人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>渐渐从一<span style="color: black;">起始</span>的坚决反对变得<span style="color: black;">起始</span>支持。</span><span style="color: black;">当时艾滋病被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“世纪绝症”，不治之症带来的绝望、病毒<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>的传染性令世人深受恐惧。而经常接诊艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的郑煜煌，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>陷入了众人疏远的窘迫境态，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>人远远地看到郑煜煌后还绕道而行，而他迄今<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">保持</span>了18年。</span><span style="color: black;">“别人的命都攥在你手里，<span style="color: black;">必要</span>要认真负责。”<span style="color: black;">做为</span>湖南乃至全国最早一批提倡<span style="color: black;">初期</span>抗病毒治疗的专家，郑煜煌强调的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>抗病毒早治疗，近几年联合国更新的艾滋病防治指南<span style="color: black;">亦</span>印证了这一点。</span><span style="color: black;">郑煜煌糅合中医理念的因人制宜，提倡艾滋病防治要因人而异，全面考量<span style="color: black;">病人</span>身体<span style="color: black;">情况</span>，<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>、<span style="color: black;">区别</span>人群，制定<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的防治<span style="color: black;">方法</span>，对某些常<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的机会感染如结核病、肺<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>虫肺炎和其他性传播<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>适时开展预防，并积极治疗<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的<span style="color: black;">各样</span>并发症，积极<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>和治疗艾滋病<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的心血管病、肾脏病和代谢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。近年来医学界从单纯地针对病症到注重个体差异的转变，便<span style="color: black;">能够</span>感受到他此举的前瞻性。</span><span style="color: black;">“要对艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>进行<span style="color: black;">即时</span>的规律地实时<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>。”郑煜煌为他的病人都<span style="color: black;">创立</span>了<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的病情档案，病人没按时来看病就打<span style="color: black;">tel</span>催。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>产生副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，他甚者比<span style="color: black;">病人</span>更加着急。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>放弃的、有<span style="color: black;">心情</span>的、有困难的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，他还会进一步交流。他时常“言辞激烈”地与<span style="color: black;">病人</span>交流，鼓励<span style="color: black;">她们</span>继续与艾滋病抗争，<span style="color: black;">需求</span>所有病人按时回访检测治疗。</span>
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    </div> <img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/iarOTZMcbCiaP4hzo89a2ibGywYUXCEXTYfibqmX6GHjYhHr6CVEN1HTHAkiavianPmSvRhdPCFrOjgcbLFwk09icsia5A/640?wx_fmt=gif&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">为了让<span style="color: black;">公众</span>更加<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>预防艾滋病，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>整理了几个<span style="color: black;">公众</span>比较关心的问题，并邀请了<span style="color: black;">郑煜煌</span>教授来为<span style="color: black;">大众</span>解答：</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>HIV是<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>传播的？</span></strong><span style="color: black;">答：艾滋病病毒（</span><span style="color: black;">HIV）的传播<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有3个途径：</span><span style="color: black;">1、性传播，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>男女<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>性<span style="color: black;">行径</span>和男男性<span style="color: black;">行径</span>，后者的传播危险性比前者大10倍以上。</span><span style="color: black;">2、血液体液传播，艾滋病病人的血液、精液和其他生殖道分泌物都有传染性，输血感染HIV不仅感<span style="color: black;">患病</span>毒的数量较多<span style="color: black;">况且</span>发病快。</span><span style="color: black;">3、母婴传播，即HIV感染者孕妇传给新生儿，不采取有效的母婴阻断<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的传播率约40-50%，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>实行规范的全程母婴阻断<span style="color: black;">办法</span>可使母婴传播率下降到1-2%。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong><span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活中，<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>接触不会传染艾滋病？</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">公用卫生洁具会感染HIV吗？</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一起</span>洗内衣会感染HIV吗？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span>艾滋病病毒（</span><span style="color: black;">HIV）在体外环境<span style="color: black;">存活</span>力很低，故<span style="color: black;">平常</span>接触HIV感染者和艾滋病病人都不会被传染，如<span style="color: black;">一块</span>工作和学习，共用办公用品和服装、握手和拥抱等等，公用卫生洁具和<span style="color: black;">一起</span>洗内衣都不会感染</span><span style="color: black;">HIV</span><span style="color: black;">。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>接吻会传染HIV吗？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>接吻<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">很难</span>传播HIV，但口腔有溃疡者有传播危险。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>被</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">针扎</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">到会不会感染HIV呢？</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">穿</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">耳洞、纹身</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">会不会感染HIV？</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">拔牙、补牙或是洗牙会不会感染HIV？</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">共用剃须刀</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">可能感染HIV吗？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span></span><span style="color: black;">HIV<span style="color: black;">经过</span>血液传播，</span><span style="color: black;">针扎、穿耳洞、纹身的<span style="color: black;">工具</span>和拔牙<span style="color: black;">工具</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要经过消毒处理，</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要到正规诊所去施行，</span><span style="color: black;">剃须刀私用是常识。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong><span style="color: black;">捐血</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">会不会感染HIV？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>参加卫生<span style="color: black;">分部</span>组织的<span style="color: black;">没</span>偿<span style="color: black;">捐血</span>是一种社会义务，<span style="color: black;">相关</span>单位会采取严格的消毒<span style="color: black;">办法</span>避免污染血源和<span style="color: black;">捐血</span>者。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>到小诊所去就诊是不是有感染HIV的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>凡是牵涉到侵入身体操作的诊断治疗<span style="color: black;">行径</span>都<span style="color: black;">意见</span>在正规医院施行。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>口交</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>会传染HIV？</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">肛交</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">会感染HIV吗？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>口交和肛交是男男性<span style="color: black;">行径</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>性活动方式，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>局部的溃疡和破损<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">更易</span>传播性病和艾滋病，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>安全套<span style="color: black;">能够</span>减少其传播危险性。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>HIV<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>眼睛传染到人们<span style="color: black;">身体</span>？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>在医疗操作中如果有艾滋病人的血液溅到医护人员的眼睛中，应立刻用眼药水反复冲洗眼睛，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>找<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>预防<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中心按职业暴露<span style="color: black;">起步</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>程序，我院<span style="color: black;">出现</span>这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>可直接找预防保健科。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>女性<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>比男性<span style="color: black;">更易</span>感染HIV？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span>生殖道的结构区别，</span><span style="color: black;">HIV男传女的机会大于女传男。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>男男性行<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">更易</span>感染HIV？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>男男性<span style="color: black;">行径</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span>传播艾滋病和其它性传播<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>有：</span><span style="color: black;">男男性<span style="color: black;">行径</span>者常有多个性伙伴，且在性活动中较少采取<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>其中部分已<span style="color: black;">爱情</span>结婚生子，故在<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的传播链中<span style="color: black;">拥有</span></span><span style="color: black;">“放大效应”“；</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>男男性<span style="color: black;">行径</span>特殊的性<span style="color: black;">行径</span>方式</span><span style="color: black;">比</span><span style="color: black;">异性性<span style="color: black;">行径</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">更易</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>局部组织破损和<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>更易传播</span><span style="color: black;">。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>：</span><span style="color: black;">男男<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>性交比男女<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>性交传播艾滋病的机率大</span><span style="color: black;">10倍以上。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong><span style="color: black;">怎么样</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>确认感染了HIV？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>到医院或<span style="color: black;">疾患</span></span><span style="color: black;">预防<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中心做HIV抗体初筛实验，<span style="color: black;">通常</span></span><span style="color: black;">感染后12周阳性率<span style="color: black;">达到</span>90%，24周<span style="color: black;">达到</span>到95%以上，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>去省市<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>预防<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中心做HIV抗体确证实验。<span style="color: black;">另一</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>做HIV RNA病毒载量检测在感染后2-3周可检测到95%以上，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>都不排除假阳性和假阴性。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：</span></strong>艾滋病能治好吗？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span><span style="color: black;">日前</span>我国86.1万HIV感染者和艾滋病病人中有71.8万人<span style="color: black;">已然</span>接受了抗病毒治疗。<strong style="color: blue;">抗病毒治疗使感染者<span style="color: black;">身体</span>的病毒载量<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降，机体免疫力逐步恢复，使<span style="color: black;">各样</span>机会感染和并发症减少或延缓<span style="color: black;">出现</span>，不仅<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了生活质量<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>延长<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的寿命。</strong></span><span style="color: black;">调查<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，近年来随着诊断治疗水平的<span style="color: black;">加强</span>，艾滋病已从当初的“谈艾色变”变<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>象糖尿病和高血压类似的慢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接受治疗的艾滋病人其死亡率<span style="color: black;">显著</span>降低，在欧美等发达国家，艾滋病年死亡率自本世纪初<span style="color: black;">已然</span>下降至1%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>，而人口正常年死亡率在美国是0.85%。</span><span style="color: black;">2008年后</span><span style="color: black;">新的HIV感染者<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">保持</span>服药的预期寿命平均在45年以上，类似于糖尿病。英国<span style="color: black;">专家</span>梅（Margaret May）观察了2000-2008年<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>抗病毒治疗的艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>在治疗<span style="color: black;">起始</span>一年内CD4细胞数量达到350个/毫升以上<span style="color: black;">同期</span>病毒载量<span style="color: black;">少于</span>检测水平者，有可能接近正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span>的寿命预期。其中经过5年治疗后CD4细胞数量在350-500个/毫升者，男性<span style="color: black;">病人</span>寿命预期<span style="color: black;">达到</span>77岁（英国男性平均寿命80.1岁）；女性<span style="color: black;">病人</span>寿命预期<span style="color: black;">达到</span>81岁（英国女性平均寿命88.6岁），而达不到病毒<span style="color: black;">控制</span>效果或吸毒的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>将减寿10年<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">保持</span>抗病毒治疗实现机体免疫重建，还可降低或延缓多种机会感染的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>，并减少了癌症、心脏病和其它非艾滋病<span style="color: black;">关联</span>并发症的发病率，使生活质量<span style="color: black;">显著</span>改善。我国<span style="color: black;">日前</span>还缺乏<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的数据，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>治疗效果<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问：你接诊过的病人中，患病后</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间最长</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">的是多久？</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">答：</span>湘雅二医院艾滋病<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室和艾滋病专科门诊自</span><span style="color: black;">2002年成立<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>，已先后检测和咨询艾滋病高危人群近万名，<span style="color: black;">起步</span>艾滋病抗病毒治疗</span><span style="color: black;">2</span><span style="color: black;">100余名，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>除<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室承担的国家</span><span style="color: black;">艾滋病治疗</span><span style="color: black;">专项</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span></span><span style="color: black;">课题</span><span style="color: black;">中的</span><span style="color: black;">治疗者外，仍有近</span><span style="color: black;">千</span><span style="color: black;">名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在接受<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>的<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>和治疗，其中绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>病人都恢复了健康，重返工作学习岗位和正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span><span style="color: black;">同样</span>的生活。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">自</span><span style="color: black;">2011年迄今</span><span style="color: black;">我院艾滋病专科门诊开诊十<span style="color: black;">数年</span>来<span style="color: black;">没</span>一例病人死亡，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>治疗的艾滋病病人</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间最长的<span style="color: black;">日前</span>是</span><span style="color: black;">2</span><span style="color: black;">8</span><span style="color: black;">年，迄今他仍在上班</span><span style="color: black;">。</span></strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/iarOTZMcbCiaOicZn47aJCuOLt82LlwibEGOB1gpdEBY6alEbua7DB4HMMMYEKfYwP67XAK5yt9k33ibI1qh2qyz7CA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">编辑：赵晓华 袁轲</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">审核：赵丽萍</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span>视频<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：湘雅二医院艾滋病<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/iarOTZMcbCiaM6uQ8tjR8hn0HEgTh107QpcF5SYicY3XeVuqscNzz7sKX2MVMvRON7ib2xTicCO3n8bg67cicPtXyjJw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">▼</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直接点击</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重要</span>词</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">查看以往的精彩~</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">微X</span>挂号</span></a></span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">|</a><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">十种预</a>约挂号方式&nbsp;|</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">从明天起，再<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不消</span>凌晨排队挂号啦</span></a></span></span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">湘雅名医</a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">|</span></a>&nbsp;</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">内部好药&nbsp;</a><a style="color: black;">|</a>&nbsp;</span><a style="color: black;">看病指南</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span><a style="color: black;">肺癌<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span></a><a style="color: black;">骨质疏松</a><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">免疫治疗<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">胆结石</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span></a><a style="color: black;">&nbsp;智能皮肤<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">猝死<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span></a><a style="color: black;">游戏成瘾<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span></a><a style="color: black;">眼癌&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">|&nbsp;</span></a><a style="color: black;">胰岛素注射<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|&nbsp;</span></a><a style="color: black;">科学<span style="color: black;">减肥</span></a>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">|</a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">慢性肾病</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">带状疱疹<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">科学<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">鱼刺卡喉<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">二胎时代<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">妊娠期糖尿病</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">帕金森<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">护肤<span style="color: black;">次序</span><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">久坐族<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">强迫症<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">低血糖<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">近视误区<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">防控近视</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">防</a>治流感<a style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">护肤误区<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">甲状腺癌<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">心肺复苏<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">海姆立克法</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">中风<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">主动脉夹层<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">肺部结节<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">慢性胰腺炎<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">老人防跌倒指南<span style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</span></a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">健胃消食片</a><a style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">原生家庭</a><a style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</a>&nbsp;<a style="color: black;">出汗</a></span></span><a style="color: black;">&nbsp;|</a>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">熏醋防流感</a></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/iarOTZMcbCiaM6uQ8tjR8hn0HEgTh107QpOeW9ia8SLm6K64wibnV1fK6dJ1X1qG40QVJdrXzaI0w0F3oeeJWbPURw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/iarOTZMcbCiaOicZn47aJCuOLt82LlwibEGOMuUA9hSMvoRoUw5qFmBRxGauiarQah5PwqibicJ0ib86gUBMBbicJhqyfdA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">你点的<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>赞，我都认真当<span style="color: black;">成为了</span><span style="color: black;">爱好</span>

j8typz 发表于 2024-9-26 18:56:37

期待楼主的下一次分享！”

b1gc8v 发表于 2024-11-15 18:27:07

楼主继续加油啊！外链论坛加油！

查看完整版本: 湘雅二医院郑煜煌：湖南治“艾”第1人的故事