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数词
【知识突破】
1、归类：数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词能够作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。
2、基数词：暗示数目的词叫基数词。
英语中常用的基数词有：
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
twenty
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
one(a) hundred
23
35
101
twenty-three
thirty-five
one hundred and one
1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ ten thousand,100000→one hundred thousand ,1000000→one million,10000000→ten million, 100000000→one hundred million,
108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and forty-six, 500→five hundred , 1001→one thousand and one, 1813→one thousand eight hundred and thirteen.
[注]：(1)百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间一般亦要加and。
(2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第1个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion暗示。
(3) hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不消复数,前面能够加上one, two, …等其它数词。用作名词时复数暗示“成…上…”,后面必须要有of,前面能够加上some,many,several等词。如：five hundred(五百),hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上万的), millions of(成百万的)
3、序数词：暗示次序的数词叫序数词。
英语的序数词基本变法：
(1) 通常在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth,(4)熟记特殊词。
序数词如下：
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
first
second
third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
20th
30th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
twentieth
thirtieth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
one undredth
21st
22nd
23rd
35th
101st
twenty-first
twenty-second
twenty-third
thirty-fifth
one hundred and first
1000th→one thousandth, 1000000th→one millionth., 第703→the seven hundred and third,
第5480→the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.
3、注：(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。如：thirty-sixth,
(2) 运用序数词时通常加定冠词the. 如：I’m in the third grade.
(3) 序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如：1/5→one fifth ; 2/3→ two thirds ; 4/7→ four sevenths ; 1/2→ a half ; 1/4→a quarter ; 3/4→ three quarters ; 50%→ fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent).
4、数词的用法：
（1）暗示年份：2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.
（2）暗示日期： 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December；2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.
（3）暗示时刻： 5：15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8：30→ eight thirty或half past eight ; 10：45→ ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.
（4）暗示编号：
Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number Thirteen; P.5→Page Five; Tel.No.7658659→Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine
（5）小数的读法：5.7→ five point seven, 0.16 →zero point one six.
（6）“半”的表达： 1/2→half, 半小时→half an hour, 1.5小时→one and a half hours或one hour and a half.
（7）序数词前面加the时,暗示次序,加a/an时暗示“再1、又一”。
如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(咱们把课文读第三遍,好吗？)
【能力过关】
1. —Barry, let’s go to school!
—Today is ________. We don’t need to go to school.
A. Monday B. Saturday C. Friday D. Wednesday
2. September 5th should be read(被读作) ________.
A. September five B. September the five
C. September fifth D. September the fifth
3. His little brother is ________.
A. five years old B. five-year-old C. five-year D. five years
4. The boy is only ________ and today is his ________ birthday.
A. nine; nine B. ninth; nine C. nine; ninth D. ninth; ninth
5. —Do you know the boys and girls over there?
—Yes. They are my classmates. We’re in ________.
A. class 3, grade 7 B. Grade 7, Class 3 C. grade 7, class 3 D. Class 3, Grade 7
6. Seven and two _________.
A. is nine B. are nine C. is five D. are five
7. Her new dress is two ________.
A. hundreds yuan B. hundreds yuans C. hundred yuan D. hundred yuans
8. We will plant__________trees this year.
A. two hundreds B. two hundred of C. two hundred D. two hundreds of
9. They go to school at ________ (a quarter past seven) in the morning.
A. 6:45 B. 7:15 C. 6:15 D. 7:45
10. —There is a wrong word in Line _________.
—Where?
—In the _________ line.
A. Two; two B. Two; second C. Second; two D. Second; second
11. The number of the students is about three ________ in our grade.
A. hundred of B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundreds
12. There are ________ students in my class, 15 boys and 14 girls.
A. fifteen B. fourteen C. twenty-nine
13. —Have you finished your work? I want to go shopping with you.
—I’m almost finished, but I have to finish ________ this email to Mark. Please give me ________ five minutes.
A. send; other B. sending; another C. sending; other D. send, another
14. —What’s ________ and ten?
—It’s sixty.
A. sixty B. fifty C. seventy D. thirty
15. —How many students are there in your class, Linda?
—There are ________, fifteen girls and fifteen boys.
A. twenty B. thirty C. forty D. fifty
16. Schools for more than 168 ________ children worldwide have been completely closed because of the COVID-19.
A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of
17. What’s eleven and one? It’s ________.
A. seven B. fifteen C. twelve D. thirteen
18. Every year, ________ books are donated to the children in poor areas.
A. million B. millions C. millions of D. million of
19. Four and three is ________.
A. six B. seven C. eight D. nine
参考答案
1. B
【解析】句意：——Barry，咱们去上学吧！——今天是星期六。咱们不需要去上学。
考查名词辨析。Monday星期一；Saturday星期六；Friday星期五；Wednesday星期三。按照句子“We don’t need to go to school.”以及选项可知，学生不去上学，今天应该是星期六。故选B。
2. D
【解析】句意：9月5日应该被读作“September the fifth”。
考查日期的表达。月份后的日期应读作序数词，序数词前应加定冠词the。故选D。
3. A
【解析】句意：他的弟弟五岁了。
考查名词短语，five years old五岁；five-year-old五岁的；five-year五年的；five years五年。观察句子，这儿缺少表语，且暗示“他的弟弟五岁了”，故选A。
4. C
【解析】句意：男孩仅9岁，今天是他9岁的生日。
考查数词的用法。暗示年龄的时候能够直接用数字暗示，“男孩仅九岁”便是“The boy is only nine”；在暗示“某人几岁生日”时是用形容词性物主代词或人名的所有格形式+序数词+birthday，“他九岁生日”便是“his ninth birthday”。故选C。
5. D
【解析】句意：——你认识那边的男孩女子吗？——认识。她们是我的朋友。咱们在七年级三班。
考查班级和年级写法。“班级+年级”的英文表达是：Class+基数词, Grade+基数词，Class和Grade的首字母需大写。故选D。
6. A
【解析】句意：七加二等于九。
考查数字运算及主谓一致。英语中暗示“等于”用is，排除B/D选项；结合“Seven and two”可知，7+2=9，故选A。
7. C
【解析】句意：她的新连衣裙200元。
考查价格表达。hundred与基数词连用时，不加s。“yuan”是货币计量单位，不可数。故选C。
8. C
【解析】句意：咱们今年要种两百棵树。考查数词的用法。hundred暗示确数时，无复数形式，其前面需用详细的数词，后直接用可数名词复数；暗示约数时，用hundreds of+可数名词复数暗示成百上千的，故选C
9. B
【解析】句意：她们早上7:15去上学。
考查时间表达。a quarter past seven，意为七点一刻，即7:15。故选B。
10. B
【解析】句意：——在第二行有一个错误的单词。——哪里？——在第二行。
考查数词。two二；second第二。按照“in Line”可知，此处应用Two，暗示“第二行”。结合“the...line”可知，此处应用second，暗示“第二行”。故选B。
11. B
【解析】句意：咱们年级的学生大大概三百人。
考查hundred用法。当hundred前有具体数词时，hundred用单数形式，后不消介词of；当hundred前无详细数字时，要加s加of；hundreds of“成百上千的”，不指确数，故选B。
12. C
【解析】句意：咱们班有29名学生，15个男生和14个女生。
考查基数词。fifteen十五；fourteen十四；twenty-nine二十九，按照后面的“15 boys and 14 girls”可知，应该是29名学生，故选C。
13. B
【解析】句意：——你的工作完成为了吗？我想和你一块去购物。——我快写完了，但我得把这封邮件发给马克。请再给我五分钟。
考查非谓语动词和代词。finish doing sth，运用动名词作宾语，排除AD；another+基数词+名词复数=基数词+more+名词复数。故选B。
14. B
【解析】句意：——50加10是多少？——60。
考查数字运算。sixty60；fifty50；seventy70；thirty30。按照“What’s...and ten?”和“It’s sixty.”可知，50加10是60。故选B。
15. B
【解析】句意：——琳达，你们班有多少学生？——有30名学生，15个女子和15个男孩。
考查数字运算。twenty二十；thirty三十；forty四十；fifty五十。按照“fifteen girls and fifteen boys”可知，班上一共有30名学生。故选B。
16. A
【解析】句意：因为COVID-19，全世界有超过1.68亿儿童的学校已然完全关闭。
考查大数的表达。大数表达时，此前有详细的基数词168修饰，大数运用原形，故选A。
17. C
【解析】句意：十一加一是多少？十二。
考查数字计算。seven七；fifteen十五；twelve十二；thirteen十三。按照常识可知11+1=12，故选C。
18. C
【解析】句意：每年上百万本书被捐献给贫困地区的孩儿们。million意为“百万”，前有基数词时，million用原形；millions of意为“上百万的”，后接可数名词复数。选项BD形式错误，故排除。故选C项。
19. B
【解析】句意：四加三等于七。
考查数字计算。six六；seven七；eight八；nine九。按照计算可知，四加三等于七。故选B。
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发表于 2024-9-29 22:12:58
