吃早餐延寿？不吃早餐或大增全因死亡、心血管、癌症死亡害处
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 吃早餐延寿？不吃早餐或大增全因死亡、心血管、癌症死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span> </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/c37c1640cbbf4691ae1105945c734831.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">撰文 | 宋文法</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span></span><span style="color: black;">（CVD）</span>和癌症是<span style="color: black;">全世界</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">包袱</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>，而<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>是心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>和死亡率的<span style="color: black;">重要</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>。<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">全世界</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">包袱</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>，<span style="color: black;">膳食</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>死亡的前五位危险<span style="color: black;">原因</span>之一，<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>每年的死亡人数中，有22%是<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>问题<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">早餐约占总能量摄入的20%，被认为是一天中最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的一餐，<span style="color: black;">保持</span>规律的早餐模式被认为是健康生活方式的指标。随着社会的发展，在繁忙的工作和快节奏的生活中，一部分人<span style="color: black;">无</span>充足的时间吃三顿饭，还有些人为了<span style="color: black;">瘦身</span>不吃早餐<span style="color: black;">或</span>不吃晚餐。殊不知，这都会对健康产生<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2024年5月13日，</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">深圳市蛇口人民医院</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员在"</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Food & Function</span></strong><span style="color: black;">"期刊上<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了一篇题为" <span style="color: black;">Breakfast skipping and risk of all-cause， cardiovascular and cancer mortality among adults：a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies</span>"的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>论文。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">该<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">规律吃早餐或<span style="color: black;">能够</span>延长寿命，与<span style="color: black;">定时</span>吃早餐相比，不吃早餐与全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>27%<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，与心血管死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>28%<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，与癌症死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>34%<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，结果强调了<span style="color: black;">定时</span>吃早餐对健康和长寿的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>性</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/e1f8c351839e4a61992f3a9bce08e57b.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">在这项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中，<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员荟萃分析了9项队列<span style="color: black;">科研</span>，共纳入242095名参与者，分析了不吃早餐与全因死亡率、心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>死亡率和癌症死亡率之间的<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">总体而言，这些<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发布</span>于1987-2023年间，<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>都有超过16年的随访时间，登记的<span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>死亡人数为26484人，其中7844人死于心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，6839人死于癌症。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，共纳入了6项研究，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>136526名参与者和26484例全因死亡，<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">与<span style="color: black;">定时</span>吃早餐相比，不吃早餐与全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>27%<span style="color: black;">关联</span></span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，共纳入了4项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>129580参与者和7844例心血管死亡，<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">与<span style="color: black;">定时</span>吃早餐相比，不吃早餐与心血管死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>28%<span style="color: black;">关联</span></span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>癌症死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，共纳入了2项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>90417参与者和6839例癌症死亡，<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">与<span style="color: black;">定时</span>吃早餐相比，不吃早餐与癌症死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>34%<span style="color: black;">关联</span></span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/a8345907064948499061968726c5fe96.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不吃早餐与全因、心血管和癌症死亡率之间的<span style="color: black;">相关</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，进一步亚组分析<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，不吃早餐与全因死亡率<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>，不吃早餐与CVD<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的死亡率在美国人中<span style="color: black;">危害</span>更高，不吃早餐与癌症死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span>之间呈正<span style="color: black;">关联</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>其中的机制</span>，<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，<span style="color: black;">首要</span>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>不吃早餐可能<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>慢性炎症，从而<span style="color: black;">增多</span>患慢性病的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。其次，不吃早餐<span style="color: black;">一般</span>与其他不健康的生活方式相伴，协同影响人体健康。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，不吃早餐是<span style="color: black;">长期</span>间歇性禁食的一种自然形式，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一种压力。它会对生物钟和时钟基因<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>的基因表达产生<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响，并与餐后血糖反应<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>，导致昼夜节律和代谢<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">尽管如此，<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员强调，</span><span style="color: black;">这是一项观察性<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的荟萃分析，<span style="color: black;">没</span>法得出因果结论</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">值得一提的是，2023年2月，美国</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">西奈山伊坎医学院</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">、</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">哈佛医学院</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员在" </span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Immunity </span></strong><span style="color: black;">"期刊上<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了一篇题为" <span style="color: black;">Monocytes re-enter the bone marrow during fasting and alter the host response to infection</span>"的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>论文。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">不吃早餐可能会损害免疫系统，<span style="color: black;">有害</span>于抵抗感染，并可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>患心脏病的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span></span>。小鼠模型<span style="color: black;">科研</span>首次<span style="color: black;">显示</span>，不吃早餐会<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>大脑压力反应，从而对免疫细胞产生<span style="color: black;">消极</span>影响。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/7e1bad5677c2454a9a545e06bb2c67e6.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2022年8月，美国</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">爱荷华大学</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">、</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">田纳西大学</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员在" </span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics</span></strong><span style="color: black;">"期刊上<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了一篇题为" <span style="color: black;">Meal Skipping and Shorter Meal Intervals Are Associated with Increased Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality among US Adults</span>"的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>论文。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，一日三餐，少吃哪一顿都<span style="color: black;">增多</span>死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">一天只吃一顿的人，心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>83%，全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>30%。不吃早餐，心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>40%。而不吃午餐或晚餐，全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>12%、16%</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，在<span style="color: black;">每日</span>三餐的人中，与两餐间隔4.6-5.5小时的人相比，</span><span style="color: black;">两餐间隔<span style="color: black;">小于</span>4.5小时，全因死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>17%，心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>22%</span>。</span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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