什么样的息肉容易癌变?直肠癌怎么样分期?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">长了息肉怎么办?会发展成癌症吗?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实,息肉<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">归类</span>型的,至于息肉会不会发展成癌症,这跟它的类型<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>下边的科普文,<span style="color: black;">认识</span>一下息肉的类型吧。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">息肉</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">息肉<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>直肠内壁的上皮细胞过度生长而形成的息肉样肿物。虽然大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>直肠息肉不会<span style="color: black;">作为</span>癌症,但几乎所有的直肠癌都是从息肉<span style="color: black;">起始</span>发展而来的。直肠息肉<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有两种形状,<span style="color: black;">没</span>柄息肉和带蒂息肉。带蒂息肉的形状像蘑菇,从结肠壁伸出,呈圆形顶部,有细长的蒂。而<span style="color: black;">没</span>柄息肉更平坦,不会往结肠壁伸出太多。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-54c73267c0d078e8b2c823a482a585fa_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不同形状的息肉,类型<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不同。这<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着它们在显微镜下看起来<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。有些息肉比其他类型<span style="color: black;">更易</span>变成癌症。增生性息肉和炎性息肉<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变的概率比较低。 </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的息肉类型<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为腺瘤性息肉。腺瘤性息肉属于癌前病变。虽然可能过<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>年才会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变,但<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>很大。千万要小心这类型的息肉。锯齿状息肉<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在显微镜下呈锯齿状的息肉。<span style="color: black;">没</span>柄锯齿腺瘤很罕见,但很容易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>肠息肉需尽早切除并送病理<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。<span style="color: black;">况且</span>,<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>技术先进,大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>息肉<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>肠镜下切除(<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为息肉切除术),你还有什么好担心的呢。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-a92fba148ca39638e25c50572c1a875c_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">万一,切除的息肉经过病理<span style="color: black;">检测</span>后<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>癌变,息肉<span style="color: black;">已然</span>发展成直肠癌,怎么办?要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>直肠癌的治疗和预后就要从<span style="color: black;">认识</span>直肠癌的分期<span style="color: black;">起始</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">癌症分期 </h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症分期是对癌症严重程度的描述。<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>分期来<span style="color: black;">选取</span>合适的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>和治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)制定的TNM分期系统可用于直肠癌分期。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在AJCC制定的TNM分期系统如下: </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">T:肿瘤距直肠壁发展的距离</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">N:淋巴结<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>有癌症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">M:癌症<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>扩散到远离直肠的其他部位(远处转移) </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>T、N、M的不同分期的组合来确定直肠癌的总分期(0~Ⅰ~Ⅳ期)。直肠癌分为五期,即0期、I(1)期、II(2)期、III(3)期和IV(4)期。各分期情况如下。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-dc8f7597d5bcc078144c63a9cf44ab1e_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">0期:0期<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为直肠原位癌。肿瘤是非浸润性的。这<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着癌细胞<span style="color: black;">无</span>扩散,只出<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>直肠壁<span style="color: black;">第1</span>层。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>切除所有的癌症,则不<span style="color: black;">必须</span>其他治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1期:癌细胞<span style="color: black;">已然</span>扩散到直肠壁的第二层或第三层。癌细胞<span style="color: black;">无</span>扩散到<span style="color: black;">周边</span>淋巴结或远离直肠的部位。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2期:癌细胞<span style="color: black;">已然</span>突破直肠或直肠壁生长,可能<span style="color: black;">已然</span>扩散到<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的组织或器官。但还<span style="color: black;">无</span>扩散到<span style="color: black;">周边</span>淋巴结,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>远处转移。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3期:癌症<span style="color: black;">已然</span>从直肠扩散到<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的淋巴结或有肿瘤沉积。肿瘤沉积是直肠<span style="color: black;">周边</span>脂肪中的继发性肿瘤。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4期:癌症<span style="color: black;">已然</span>扩散到远离直肠的部位。直肠癌<span style="color: black;">一般</span>扩散到肝脏和肺部。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-483446e1691e9d2460ccf8540c081897_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">直肠癌</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠是大肠的最后一部分。大便储存在直肠中,并<span style="color: black;">经过</span>肛门排出体外。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠壁共分为四层。癌细胞发源于粘膜,并由内向外扩散。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌细胞形成肿瘤,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它们不像正常细胞那样生长和死亡。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌细胞<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>淋巴或血液扩散到其他身体部位。这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>远处转移。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>直肠癌由息肉发展而来。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症分期是对癌症严重程度的描述。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">病友</span>群:Drliaowj</p>
感谢楼主的分享!我学到了很多。
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