直肠癌初期症状和检测办法大盘点
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">铭医严选团队编辑</span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状和<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>？直肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状隐匿，容易被忽略，等查出时<span style="color: black;">已然</span>到了中晚期，不仅治疗难度加大，预后<span style="color: black;">亦</span>并<span style="color: black;">不睬</span>想。早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>身体产生的异样症状，<span style="color: black;">即时</span>进行<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>避免直肠癌的恶化，从而<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>率和预后。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>，直肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状和<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>分别是什么呢？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">图源：hellotushy</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">01</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">直肠癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状有<span style="color: black;">那些</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>下述症状，<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>，这都是直肠癌</span>留下的“蛛丝马迹”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、排便习惯改变</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>肿块的生长，肿瘤体积会增大<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肠腔狭窄，<span style="color: black;">导致</span>大便变细；直肠<span style="color: black;">周边</span>神经受肿块膨胀刺激，会<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>伴有排便不尽感；除此之外还会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>腹泻、便秘、便秘与腹泻交替<span style="color: black;">显现</span>等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、血便</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">便血是直肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的典型症状，<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>血液由肛门排出，大便带血或全为血便，颜色鲜红、暗红或黑色。是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>直肠癌肿瘤表面血管的破溃而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、粘液便</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠功能受损，会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>消化能力降低，<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的黏液量<span style="color: black;">增加</span>，排泄出来的粪便会<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>粘液。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、腹痛或腹部不适</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>以腹部隐痛为首发或<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的症状，另<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>表现出不完全肠梗阻的症状，如腹部阵发性绞痛、伴腹胀、排气、排便不畅；还有些<span style="color: black;">病人</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>腹部有肿块的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、其他症状</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">贫血、消瘦、乏力、低热等；<span style="color: black;">由于</span>随着癌细胞的<span style="color: black;">持续</span>生长和扩散，人体的免疫系统受到攻击，身体会<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">伴同</span>现象，尤以贫血、消瘦为典型。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">02</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">直肠癌的<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>有<span style="color: black;">那些</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠镜是<span style="color: black;">检测</span>直肠癌最有效手段之一。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠镜末端装有微型电子摄影机的可弯曲的纤维软管，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>肛门置入直肠、结肠直到末端回肠的肠腔内，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>清晰地观察到直肠病变<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。<span style="color: black;">包含</span>肿物<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、距肛缘、位置、形态、局部浸润的范围等；<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>结果对可疑病变进行病理学活组织<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>做出更准确的判断。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、活检</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">活检是最直接诊断直肠癌的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>取一段直肠病变的组织，做一个病理切片，得到其组织类型。<span style="color: black;">能够</span>判断</span><span style="color: black;">肿瘤<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、大体类型、肉眼所见浸润深度、有<span style="color: black;">没</span>穿孔、肿瘤距两侧切缘的距离、肿瘤</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">分型和分级、肿瘤浸润深度等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>采用墨汁标记肿瘤对应的浆膜面积放射状切缘，以准确<span style="color: black;">评定</span>肿瘤浸润深度及距切缘距离，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是淋巴结取材应按淋巴引流方向进行分组。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、CT</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">CT<span style="color: black;">能够</span>鉴别钡剂灌肠或内镜<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的肠壁内和外在性压迫性病变的内部结构，<span style="color: black;">知道</span>病变性质，并且<span style="color: black;">能够</span>判断结肠癌原发灶及转移瘤辅助治疗或转化治疗效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、超声</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠腔内超声多用于<span style="color: black;">初期</span>直肠癌的分期诊断，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>针对的是T2期及以下的直肠癌。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、MRI</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MRI是直肠癌常规<span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目，尤其是当临床或超声/CT<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">可疑</span>肝转移时，<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>进行肝脏<span style="color: black;">加强</span>MRI <span style="color: black;">检测</span>，以确定<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在肝转移的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6、实验室<span style="color: black;">检测</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">血常规<span style="color: black;">能够</span>检测有<span style="color: black;">没</span>贫血；<span style="color: black;">经过</span>判断</span><span style="color: black;">尿常规有<span style="color: black;">没</span>血尿及泌尿系影像学，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>判断肿瘤<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>侵犯了泌尿系统；粪便隐血<span style="color: black;">实验</span>在针对消化道少量<span style="color: black;">流血</span>的诊断有<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>价值；</span><span style="color: black;">结直肠癌病人在诊断、治疗前、<span style="color: black;">评估</span>疗效、随访时<span style="color: black;">必要</span>检测外周血癌胚抗原（CEA）、CA19-9；有肝转移病人<span style="color: black;">意见</span>检测甲胎蛋白（AFP）；疑有腹膜、卵巢转移病人<span style="color: black;">意见</span>检测CA125。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">北京大学肿瘤医院王崑教授是国内结直肠癌的权威专家，他认为，直肠癌是消化道肿瘤，与<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活中的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>结构与<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯都<span style="color: black;">相关</span>系，平时<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>抽烟喝酒、蔬菜摄入少、暴饮暴食的人群<span style="color: black;">病患</span>直肠癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>很大，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>从<span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>改善自己的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>运动，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是有家族遗传病史、肠息肉病史的人群<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在40岁就进行直肠癌的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。铭医严选是国内专业的重疾全病程<span style="color: black;">看病</span>服务<span style="color: black;">公司</span>，能够<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>病情为其筛选北京、上海等地的三甲医院的权威专家，并<span style="color: black;">供给</span>专业分诊、<span style="color: black;">指点</span>完善必要<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、梳理病情等服务。<span style="color: black;">想<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>肠癌的治疗信息，或不幸运<span style="color: black;">病患</span>肠癌的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>想预约北京上海专家门诊咨询或<span style="color: black;">看病</span>，请拨打</span></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">4006-511-500</strong></span><span style="color: black;">进行咨询，或是扫描下方二维码添加<span style="color: black;">博主</span><span style="color: black;">微X</span>发送病例。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">参考<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>. 国家卫生健康委员会中国结直肠癌诊疗规范(2020年版). 中华胃肠外科杂志 2020年23卷6期, 521-540页, MEDLINE ISTIC PKU CSCD, 2021.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">版权声明：本文为铭医严选原创内容，版权归铭医严选所有，欢迎转发<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>圈，任何公众号或其他<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>转载<span style="color: black;">必要</span>注明<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于【铭医严选】（ID：superdoctor_vip）<span style="color: black;">或</span>后台联系<span style="color: black;">博主</span>开白名单。</span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">精彩回顾</strong></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span></span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">胃癌抗体偶联<span style="color: black;">药品</span>维迪西妥单抗临床数据<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>，晚期缓解率达23.6%</span></a></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span></span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">高治愈率的时代下，乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>生育的权利<span style="color: black;">能够</span>夺回吗？</span></a></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">凭借“两处<span style="color: black;">凸出</span>、三处发黑</span></a>”判断的肺癌，可信度有多少？</p>
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