结肠癌手术后存活率高吗？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌友群，<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>癌友促进<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>。<span style="color: black;">每日</span>发送关于癌症知识科普，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>治疗日记及<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>知识，在学知识中，还您<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>和幸福和谐的家</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/rZcWoabWsnRnZJDSAEYlnZkb91GiaEgsFqkqdloKSllpUaUGOgMCzJOtiaSGaFRKG0eEleyjrcHauKthW6lQHYLw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>最后一条路</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一个结肠癌多处转移的领导，走了，同事们都戚戚然。他<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>病灶的时候，<span style="color: black;">已然</span>是晚期，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">做了肠病灶切除与淋巴清扫，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>针对肝转移的瘤体做了消融、介入载体<span style="color: black;">药品</span>等治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>心思<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>还是比较重，消瘦的厉害，最后还是走了那一条路。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有的<span style="color: black;">青年</span>的同事说，才40岁出头，术后<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>术后<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>、不要再把单位的重担扛在肩上，会不会能够活得<span style="color: black;">很久</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结肠癌是<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>于结肠部位的消化道恶性肿瘤，好发于直肠与乙状结肠交界处，发病率占胃肠道肿瘤的第三位。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结肠癌<span style="color: black;">重点</span>为腺癌、黏液腺癌、未分化癌。慢性结肠炎<span style="color: black;">病人</span>、结肠息肉<span style="color: black;">病人</span>、男性<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>者等为易感人群。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>，结肠癌手术后存活率高吗？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>美国的数据，大肠癌总的5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率为61%，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说，超过60%的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>存活超过5年。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>存活率与什么<span style="color: black;">相关</span>？</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>或家属在确诊结肠癌后，<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个问题<span style="color: black;">便是</span>该<span style="color: black;">不应</span>手术？手术后存活率高吗？<span style="color: black;">那样</span>肠癌的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>期与什么<span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>呢？</span></p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">（1）肿瘤分期</span></strong></span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>肿瘤的发展程度，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>将结直肠癌分为一二三四期，一期的癌症属于<span style="color: black;">初期</span>，二三期的肿瘤属于中期，四期的肿瘤属于晚期。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在1991-2000年间的监测、流行病学和<span style="color: black;">最后</span>结果数据库中收集的数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，结肠癌5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率如下：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Ⅰ期(T1-2N0)-93%；ⅡA期(T3N0)-85%；ⅡB期(T4N0)-72%；ⅢA期(T1-2N1)-83%；ⅢB期(T3-4N1)-64%；ⅢC期(N2)-44%；Ⅳ期-8%</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>对比你会<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，一期<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率高达93%，而四期5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>8%，差距如此巨大，说明了癌症<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，<span style="color: black;">才可</span>取得好的治疗效果。</span></p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">（2）病理类型</span></strong></span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肠癌并不是单一的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，而是多种病理类型组合而成的，有不同的类型，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如腺癌，神经内分泌癌，胃肠道间质瘤，淋巴瘤，错构瘤等等，其中90%以上癌为腺癌。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不同病理类型的癌症，治疗效果和治疗手段是不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>的，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>胃肠道间质瘤，淋巴瘤的治疗效果较好，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率高。</span></p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">（3）手术切除残余<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>干净</span></strong></span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">手术是治疗一二三期大肠癌的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>治疗手段，一期的肠癌，只要单纯切除就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>了，三期大肠癌，做完手术，后续还<span style="color: black;">必须</span>化疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>手术<span style="color: black;">无</span>将肿瘤切干净，就有残留，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>切下的肠道两端的病理提示阳性，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">都说明肿瘤<span style="color: black;">无</span>切干净，<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>外科手术原则，<span style="color: black;">无</span>行直肠癌全系膜切除术，就有可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肿瘤复发。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">（4）<span style="color: black;">心理</span>与复查</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肠癌手术后<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>放松<span style="color: black;">心情</span>，但<span style="color: black;">不可</span>完全松懈。结肠癌手术后<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">定时</span>随访复查，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">认识</span>身体<span style="color: black;">情况</span>和治疗效果，要清楚地<span style="color: black;">把握</span>自己的病情，但又<span style="color: black;">不可</span>过于<span style="color: black;">哀愁</span>，<span style="color: black;">否则</span>会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>结肠癌手术后<span style="color: black;">显现</span>复发的症状。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span><span style="color: black;">重要</span>说</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肿瘤的首次治疗策略是非常<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>一旦<span style="color: black;">选取</span>错误了，就很难再弥补了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，在确诊后，不要着急，要依据<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的安排进行<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，在确定最佳治疗策略后，再进行<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在肠癌的治疗问题上，不单纯是依靠手术，而手术<span style="color: black;">亦</span>并非能<span style="color: black;">处理</span>所有问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，在<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肠肿瘤后，除非当时存在紧急<span style="color: black;">状况</span>如急性肠梗阻，需尽快手术切除梗阻部位等，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>要做的是进行全身<span style="color: black;">检测</span>以<span style="color: black;">知道</span>准确的肿瘤分期，再<span style="color: black;">按照</span>不同的肿瘤分期来确定下一步的治疗策略。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，I、II、Ⅲ期结肠癌在<span style="color: black;">知道</span>诊断与分期后手术治疗是首选，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而Ⅳ期（即晚期）结肠癌首选的治疗并非是手术，而是要<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>病情进行综合治疗，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>术前化疗等与手术的<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>结合。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总的来讲，肠癌的治疗效果还是不错的，不要讳疾忌医，得了肠癌，应该尽早去医院接受治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不管患了什么<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，只要做到<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，把握最佳治疗<span style="color: black;">机会</span>，保持良好的<span style="color: black;">心理</span>接受治疗，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结合<span style="color: black;">自己</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>综合治疗进行巩固，就会减少复发几率，从而延长存活期。</span></p>
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