直肠癌的临床表现，你认识多少?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/5sPMBFbsRzpLYoH3Ng9V8yjxMy7ibhx920lPWgs1CD9sJpIZJksH4su64pgmcr0KibMviboTfUWpCtntCyn9up8Wg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">指的是</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>于肛管以上、乙状结肠以下的直肠黏膜上皮细胞的癌，是消化道<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的恶性肿瘤之一。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">直肠癌有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>症状表现</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的临床表现<span style="color: black;">重点</span>与临床分期<span style="color: black;">相关</span>：</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>症状，多在体检中<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，可有腹胀、不适、消化不良等症状，到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度时还会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>排便习惯改变，如便次<span style="color: black;">增加</span>，腹泻或便秘等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">中期</span></strong><span style="color: black;">就可</span>有粘液便或粘液脓血便。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">中后期</span></strong>可能会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肠梗阻症状，表现为腹部胀痛、停止排便、排气等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">晚期</span></strong><span style="color: black;">病人</span>直肠癌扩散、侵犯<span style="color: black;">周边</span>组织或转移至其它脏器时<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>相应症状，如消瘦、黄疸、尿频、血尿、阴道<span style="color: black;">反常</span>分泌物等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">经常便秘是直肠癌的直接<span style="color: black;">原由</span>吗？</strong></p>便秘<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一种<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的临床症状，<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">尚未<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>与直肠癌有直接关系，</span></strong><span style="color: black;">然则</span>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>便秘有可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>直肠癌，<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>便秘<span style="color: black;">导致</span>粪便在肠道内存留时间较长，容易<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肠黏膜<span style="color: black;">损害</span>，诱发肠黏膜的<span style="color: black;">反常</span>增生，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>产生癌变。<span style="color: black;">况且</span>直肠下段将水分吸干后形成粪石，用力排便时粪便<span style="color: black;">损害</span>直肠黏膜，反复炎症刺激有时会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>息肉的形成，随着病情的<span style="color: black;">发展</span>，有时会发展为直肠癌。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">通常</span>分为5期</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">0期：</span></strong>局限于直肠粘膜层，<span style="color: black;">没</span>淋巴结转移；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">I期：</span></strong>局限于直肠固有肌层，<span style="color: black;">没</span>淋巴结转移；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">II期：</span></strong>浸润超过直肠固有肌层，但<span style="color: black;">没</span>淋巴结转移；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">III期：</span></strong>淋巴结有转移；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">IV期：</span></strong>有远处转移（肝脏、肺等）或腹膜转移。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1</p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span>直肠癌：</strong></span><span style="color: black;">癌肿局限于肠壁内，<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>淋巴转移、血行转移，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>根治性手术切除，<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>治愈；</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2</p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">晚期直肠癌：</span></strong><span style="color: black;">癌肿<span style="color: black;">一般</span>会侵犯<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的组织器官，有时还会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>远处脏器转移，尽管<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>手术、化疗、放疗等综合治疗，达到延缓肿瘤细胞扩散的目的，但病情还是难以治愈，且预后较差。</span>
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