结肠癌有哪些症状？直肠癌又有哪些症状？确诊后要尽快手术吗？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结肠在直肠的上端，长度约130—150cm，直肠长度仅13—15cm，但二者恶性肿瘤的发病率相差却不大。结肠癌、直肠癌发病<span style="color: black;">原由</span>基本相同，都与<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯、生活方式、遗传基因等<span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，两种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span>放在<span style="color: black;">一块</span>讨论，但它们的症状还是有些不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>，治疗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有些不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIXKs0tweKRiamLKDkW12mGe1Wicuvtiamhd5HKhpX0WicKj9iciaedXRHktWgibyWwBRPdG33orrExSv93Qg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">结肠癌的症状<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是肿瘤占位、<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>。肿瘤初期，相<span style="color: black;">针对</span>宽大的肠腔，它<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>症状。随着肿瘤增大，可能会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肠腔狭窄、排便不畅，病人或有隐隐约约的腹痛！</span><span style="color: black;">右半结肠较左半结肠肠腔更宽大<span style="color: black;">有些</span>，有些病人肿瘤<span style="color: black;">已然</span>很大了、或以腹部都能触摸到包块还<span style="color: black;">无</span>腹痛，肿块多能活动，横结肠、乙状结肠上的肿块活动度更大。左半结肠肠腔相对要窄<span style="color: black;">有些</span>，容易梗阻。</span><span style="color: black;">老年病人<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>、反复<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>、较<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不缓解的腹痛就要<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>！</span><span style="color: black;">常常有人<span style="color: black;">经过</span>禁食、通便等<span style="color: black;">办法</span>治疗，腹痛暂时缓解，<span style="color: black;">无</span>再进一步<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，过了一段时间又腹痛，肠镜一查是肿瘤，耽误诊治。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIXKs0tweKRiamLKDkW12mGe1R6oXxxzPcw2lS5owIh1fyJbeOoPQH4mpvZOnXaNS15pcskagUZ4kYA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">肿瘤血管不同于正常血管，易破裂，肿瘤<span style="color: black;">也</span>容易缺血坏死，结肠肿瘤<span style="color: black;">流血</span>流至肠腔，但不会立刻就排出去，要停留一段时间，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>大便颜色为黑色，停留时间越长颜色越黑。结肠癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>粪便或伴有粘液、脓液、坏死物。<span style="color: black;">流血</span>时间久了就会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>贫血。</span><span style="color: black;">直肠癌距离肛门口近，对肛门刺激比<span style="color: black;">很强</span>，下坠感，便不净，与痔疮的症状很相近，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>病人“以癌为痔”耽误诊治。<span style="color: black;">流血</span>是直肠癌和痔疮最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的症状，但直肠癌<span style="color: black;">流血</span>多伴有脓血、粘液、不受<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>影响，而痔疮<span style="color: black;">流血</span>颜色鲜艳，有时可见滴血、喷血，<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>脓液、粘液，辛辣刺激<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>容易<span style="color: black;">引起</span>症状加重。</span><span style="color: black;">以症状判断肠道肿瘤还远远<span style="color: black;">不足</span>，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>可疑问题需肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、病理活检确诊。结肠癌、直肠癌确诊之后，要尽快手术吗？</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIXKs0tweKRiamLKDkW12mGe1dC2caa8R5wcvYxpicYD0Qia6QIyhwGVvxtP1Rcs9tLztt16SiargyWoEA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">结肠癌与高位直肠癌治疗原则相同，Ⅰ期尽快手术。Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期结肠癌可切除的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下先手术治疗，术后<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>辅助化疗，新辅助化疗的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>尚有争论。不可切除的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下、或Ⅳ期结肠癌行新辅助治疗，<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>能转化为手术？</span><span style="color: black;">直肠癌Ⅰ期手术。Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期为<span style="color: black;">发展</span>期肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>新辅助放化疗→手术→化疗的模式。Ⅳ期多<span style="color: black;">不可</span>手术，综合治疗，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>寡转移灶、或转化成功的病人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>手术。</span><span style="color: black;">手术是治疗肿瘤的一种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，术前<span style="color: black;">必须</span>准确分期、<span style="color: black;">评定</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>身体<span style="color: black;">情况</span>，治疗最大的目的是为了#病人<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间，不是为了手术而手术！我是</span><span style="color: black;">@刘永毅<span style="color: black;">大夫</span></span><span style="color: black;"> ，感谢您的阅读！</span>
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