肿瘤病人真正该忌口的，是这6类食品
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">确诊肿瘤之后，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人的生活变得更“精致”了，<span style="color: black;">本来</span>的<span style="color: black;">没</span>肉不欢、宵夜<span style="color: black;">持续</span>、不舍剩菜、营养不全……<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>，不良<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯渐渐改善，注重营养搭配，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>讲究忌口：大豆<span style="color: black;">不可</span>吃、老母鸡<span style="color: black;">不可</span>吃、鱼<span style="color: black;">不可</span>吃、牛羊肉<span style="color: black;">不可</span>吃……其实这些都能吃，真正要忌口的是这6类<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">忌口1</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">西柚、塞维利亚橙子、杨桃、石榴及相应的果汁——<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>靶向药/化疗时忌口</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-956c3ff0b2ddbeccc95539be344fa43e_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>本<span style="color: black;">无</span>错，只因它们在代谢过程影响身<span style="color: black;">身体</span>CYP3A酶的活性，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>会影响<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的代谢，使<span style="color: black;">药品</span>疗效受影响，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是西柚（又叫葡萄柚）。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有文献<span style="color: black;">报告</span>，西柚会影响<span style="color: black;">包含</span>依托泊苷、奥拉帕利、克唑替尼、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼、卡博替尼、依维莫司、伊马替尼、拉帕替尼、尼罗替尼等多种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的药效。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，在<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>靶向药/化疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，还是不要吃这些<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">葡萄、橘子、柚子、红心蜜柚都不是西柚，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>吃。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">忌口2</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">蜂王浆、蜂皇浆、燕窝、雪蛤、紫河车（胎盘）——乳腺癌忌口</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-a718ef6f74e9f3f09672b4599e7af333_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">众所周知，性激素与乳腺癌的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>发展关系密切，尤其是内源性雌激素水平<span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">升高</span>或外源性<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>雌激素均可使乳腺癌发病率<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>中要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>这些雌激素较多的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">传言说，乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>对豆制品、蜂蜜、母鸡、鸡蛋要忌口，<span style="color: black;">并不</span>用，所有肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>都<span style="color: black;">不消</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">忌口3</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大蒜、生姜、当归——<span style="color: black;">运用</span>抗凝<span style="color: black;">药品</span>时忌口</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-7529e27e68f100403a83e4c3eef15313_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些<span style="color: black;">食品</span>/<span style="color: black;">药品</span>会使抗凝<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的抗凝效果变弱，<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的血液常<span style="color: black;">处在</span>一种高凝状态，容易形成血栓，肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>抗凝<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>并不少见：卧床肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>及肿瘤<span style="color: black;">关联</span>手术<span style="color: black;">必须</span>预防血栓栓塞，静脉血栓栓塞症的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>（发病率4%-20%）<span style="color: black;">必须</span>溶栓……</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">常用的抗凝<span style="color: black;">药品</span>有：</p>注射用抗凝<span style="color: black;">药品</span>：肝素、依诺肝素、替他肝素、阿地肝素口服抗凝<span style="color: black;">药品</span>：华法林、双香豆素、硝酸香豆素凝血酶<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂：水蛭素、阿加曲班<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">忌口4</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">人参、银杏叶、奶蓟、治疗抑郁症的植物性<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>剂——化疗时忌口</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-d0dcaf6af26b67434b1ac198c831240d_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（奶蓟：<span style="color: black;">有些</span>护肝片中会含有奶蓟<span style="color: black;">成份</span>）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些<span style="color: black;">食品</span>/<span style="color: black;">药品</span>会干扰<span style="color: black;">身体</span>CYP2D6酶，降低化疗药的有效性<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>阻止<span style="color: black;">药品</span>完全分解而使人体中毒。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">忌口5</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">含有致癌物的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>——所有<span style="color: black;">病人</span>忌口</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-6875d0739a216a20a7dec0ef2c9554f0_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>《世界卫生组织国际癌症<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">公司</span>致癌物<span style="color: black;">名单</span>——1类致癌物<span style="color: black;">名单</span>（共120种）》这些<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>/<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要忌口。1类致癌物对人确定是致癌物，但并非吃一口就会得癌，存在剂量的问题，<span style="color: black;">不外</span>保险起见，还是<span style="color: black;">意见</span>忌口。</p>与酒精饮料摄入<span style="color: black;">相关</span>的乙醛、含酒精饮料；二手烟草烟雾、吸烟、<span style="color: black;">没</span>烟烟草；加工过的肉类（摄入）；中式咸鱼；苯并(a)芘：在不完全燃烧的状态下产生，<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于炭烤的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>、烟熏肉类或鱼类；黄曲霉毒素：<span style="color: black;">重点</span>污染粮油及其制品，发霉的花生、玉米等粮食<span style="color: black;">必定</span>不要吃；槟榔果、含烟草的槟榔嚼块、不含烟草的槟榔嚼块；马兜铃酸、含马兜铃酸的植物：天然存在于诸如马兜铃属及细辛属等马兜铃科植物中，可见于炮制入药。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上下滑动，<span style="color: black;">认识</span>1类致癌物</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-16eb2bbcb87014591a3cb751203b7d81_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">忌口6</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">高脂肪、高糖、高淀粉的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>——所有<span style="color: black;">病人</span>适当忌口</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-8f5429397aa10c600a3a6476b9682f9e_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">薯条；</p>糖果；苏打水、运动饮料、能量饮料、碳酸饮料等含糖饮料；蛋糕、点心、饼干以及其他烘焙食品；精白面粉制作的面包、披萨等。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些<span style="color: black;">食品</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>问题是会<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">过重</span>或<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>，<span style="color: black;">过重</span>或<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span><span style="color: black;">最少</span>与13种不同类型的癌症<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，还会<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>肿瘤的死亡、复发的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。含糖饮料可能会直接促进肿瘤的生长和恶化，而与<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>关。适当忌口高脂肪、高糖、高淀粉的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>大有裨益，换成天然的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>安全又健康。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">参考文献</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Segal E M , Flood M R , Mancini R S , et al. Oral Chemotherapy Food and Drug Interactions: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. Journal of Oncology Practice, 2014, 10(4):e255.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">孙晓寅, 荘志刚. 性激素与乳腺癌关系的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>. 中国新药与临床杂志, 2018, 037(009):后插35-40.5 Things to Know About Alternative Therapies and Cancer.</p>
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