直肠癌晚期病人一般还能活多久？有哪些问题是要注意的？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">每次看到这类问题，肝癌<span style="color: black;">能够</span>活多久？肺癌<span style="color: black;">能够</span>活多久？还有<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>问晚期直肠癌<span style="color: black;">能够</span>活多久，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着生命的<span style="color: black;">离开</span>，心中免不了凄凉，可是这又是一个<span style="color: black;">没</span>法避免的问题，那就<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>晚期直肠癌<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间都与<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">1、</span><span style="color: black;">晚期直肠癌都有<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>？<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间都多久？</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">①晚期直肠癌大概和临床上的Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期<span style="color: black;">病人</span>相对应。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Ⅲ期直肠癌，一般<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>肿瘤以肠腔内向外长，<span style="color: black;">无</span>突破肠管最外面的浆膜层，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>手术切除，术后再辅助以化疗、<span style="color: black;">或</span>放化疗，活过</span><span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">年的人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>达到一半以上，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的效果还是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>的，不治疗的效果可能远远达不到吧？！</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">Ⅳ期<span style="color: black;">病人</span>是最糟糕的事情，不仅肿瘤从肠内突破肠管，长到肿瘤<span style="color: black;">周边</span>，还有的转移远处脏器，最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>是肝脏，大<span style="color: black;">大概</span></span><span style="color: black;">20</span><span style="color: black;">％的人群转移肝脏。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">Ⅳ期<span style="color: black;">病人</span>还有转移到肺脏，前几个月有个直肠癌病人转移到十二指肠、盲肠。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的病人经过不同<span style="color: black;">办法</span>治疗，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间相差<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很大，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>活过</span><span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">年的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIW9lJf5uz4GkMfXiaWN9uJORHgQGIQE6ThzRBXU8uyLpD5nf1ChQJpNbSayzRyXM2VFWdYRAJkuWVg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">②不同的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，其结果大不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠癌在晚期时<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有潜在手术的可能，<span style="color: black;">或</span>可手术的病人，<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>行术前放化疗后再行手术，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有梗阻、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等<span style="color: black;">状况</span>就要先手术，术后放化疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有些人在晚期时，可<span style="color: black;">选取</span>手术、放化疗等治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>时，放弃而寄<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>于中药治疗，这是不行的，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>结果是遗憾的、难以挽回的。<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>社会上的“神医”比较多，误导人，害人不浅。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>科学<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是进步<span style="color: black;">火速</span>，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>抗血管生成<span style="color: black;">药品</span></span><span style="color: black;">-</span><span style="color: black;">贝伐单抗在结直肠癌中的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>，使术后结肠癌<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间有了很大的<span style="color: black;">加强</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">③癌的恶性度不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会影响<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">影响直肠癌恶性度<span style="color: black;">原因</span>有</span><span style="color: black;">:</span><span style="color: black;">组织分化，分化越好，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>肿瘤细胞形状越接近正常细胞，恶度越小；微卫星不稳定表达<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>？高表达恶性度要低些；肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原</span><span style="color: black;">CEA</span><span style="color: black;">的高低，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>和恶性度成正向<span style="color: black;">关联</span>；有<span style="color: black;">无</span>梗阻、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>了，肿瘤浸润、转移范围，这些都是恶性度高低的<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIW9lJf5uz4GkMfXiaWN9uJORZuo5nHHzaqeIuVFlDlxbVQqF1XSKTc4emY3THiblgtbf1zRScb4r7BA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>既然生命不可避免<span style="color: black;">离开</span>，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>再剩下的日子里，就要尽可能的使病人活得好一点么，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>都<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span>问题呢？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">①恶心、呕吐的缓解办法。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">恶心、呕吐，是晚期直肠癌<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的一个症状，除了<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>上色彩艳些，口味稍重些，可能好多人<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">轻度恶心、呕吐，常用胃复安、吗丁啉等<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>还不行就用</span><span style="color: black;">5-HT</span><span style="color: black;">阻滞剂，<span style="color: black;">各样</span>“司琼”类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，必要时给些镇静<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，异丙嗪、安定片之类的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">②<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、腹胀的处理手段。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，这基本上<span style="color: black;">便是</span>癌痛了，有原发灶占位<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，侵犯盆腔神经，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有转移灶<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肝脏转移瘤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肝包膜胀痛。除了病因治疗外，就<span style="color: black;">必须</span>规范化的癌痛治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">腹胀其实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>的内容，不适感么。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有些是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>腹水<span style="color: black;">导致</span>腹胀，腹腔减压引流。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是肿瘤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，可参照癌痛治疗了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIW9lJf5uz4GkMfXiaWN9uJORmB3ufQwH2RXCvXoDCVChFmC0ErcFhn0ibH4yCJzK7opJgn4eU7R4NQg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">③营养不良的支持原则。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">癌症</span><span style="color: black;">80</span><span style="color: black;">％的人群都会遇见营养不良，直肠癌<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不例外。能吃的时候，尽可能的少量多餐的吃，慢慢吃<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>够阻止身体消瘦，就要<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>口服营养剂，牛奶，蛋白粉，核桃粉，豆奶粉等等，这些都是口服营养剂，比较科学的是，有专门营养师配制的，<span style="color: black;">或</span>有成品卖。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>营养不良继续恶化，就要<span style="color: black;">选取</span>肠内营养剂、肠外营养剂做治疗了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">④心理支持是最应该<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心理支持是所有癌症都要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的问题，病人<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的所有人都参与进来，给病人以温暖，减轻他心里的孤独、煎熬！</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">还有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>直肠癌术后有粪造口、放疗后副<span style="color: black;">损害</span>问题等等，这些都应该<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>对待了，都是应该<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">大肠<span style="color: black;">包含</span>直肠和结肠，直肠大约<span style="color: black;">仅有</span></span><span style="color: black;">15cm</span><span style="color: black;">，结肠要</span><span style="color: black;">150cm,</span><span style="color: black;">而直肠癌却占大肠癌中的</span><span style="color: black;">50</span><span style="color: black;">％！近些年，高脂肪、高蛋白、低纤维素<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>的改变，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是直肠癌高发的一个<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>，改变不良<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯，<span style="color: black;">定时</span>体检，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>就诊，避免、<span style="color: black;">或</span>降低不幸。我是</span><span style="color: black;">@</span><span style="color: black;">刘永毅<span style="color: black;">大夫</span></span><span style="color: black;">，感谢您的阅读，如有问题，请在评论区留言。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/ol8TbxDnwIUnZ1a8BsZ4p0uicU3OcUj9kFrhO1b2bicUJ5CApXAWpOSvfO87jKlOdI6TemLQPFcxbjPQ5RuW4gCg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
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