“癌中之王”胰腺癌的初期症状有哪些？
<span style="color: black;">随着医学技术的进步，大部分癌症的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率都在<span style="color: black;">加强</span>，例如乳腺癌，结直肠癌等肿瘤，近几十年来，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率得到了大幅度的<span style="color: black;">提高</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>，有一个例外，那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>胰腺癌，胰腺癌的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">始终</span>停滞不前，胰腺癌的五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>5%至10%，绝大部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在诊断胰腺癌半年内死亡，是所有的恶性肿瘤中，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率最差的，死亡率最高的，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“癌中之王”。</span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7qcegMX5NR3AaYXwmE12DVy0QoRoKDlbTFicvH4ZH22aSOtwN13rgpFmhJPK8brK6Fl4ufLZ9hkVa4vLVJmZic3w/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">胰腺癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状</strong></span><span style="color: black;">腺癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状形式多样，不典型，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>症状与上消化道的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">类似</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在<span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活中比较容易被人们<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>，常常经常被当作胃病治疗。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1.近期<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的<span style="color: black;">不可</span>解释的腹痛、背痛</span></strong><span style="color: black;">腹痛为胰腺癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状，多见于胰体及胰尾癌，<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>上腹部、脐周或右上腹，性质为绞痛，阵发性或<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性、进行性加重的钝痛，大多向腰背部放射，卧位及晚间加重，坐、立、前倾位或走动时<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>可减轻。</span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7qcegMX5NR3AaYXwmE12DVy0QoRoKDlb3boWUBKrUmibRBRic3LeyzJvcg6c3ln01YKIhrnnAUoxMyDFYba8qLag/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.梗阻性黄疸</span></strong><span style="color: black;">黄疸在病程的某一<span style="color: black;">周期</span>可有黄疸，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>胰头癌黄疸较多见，且<span style="color: black;">显现</span>较早，癌肿局限于体、尾部时多<span style="color: black;">没</span>黄疸。</span><span style="color: black;">黄疸多属阻塞性，呈进行性加深，伴有皮肤瘙痒，尿色如浓茶，粪便成陶土色。大<span style="color: black;">大都是</span><span style="color: black;">由于</span>胰头癌压迫胆总管<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，<span style="color: black;">少许</span>是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>胰体尾癌转移至肝内或肝/胆总管淋巴结<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.体重<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降</span></strong><span style="color: black;">体重<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>下降，可能是胰腺癌。<strong style="color: blue;">体重下降的<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌细胞的消耗，食欲不振，焦虑，失眠，消化和吸收<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>等。</strong><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>上腹闷胀，或<span style="color: black;">连续</span>有不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的腹痛<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>是背痛，做了胃镜或肝胆超声都没问题；<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在<span style="color: black;">无</span>刻意节食的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下体重莫名减轻，就要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>胰腺癌了。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4.血糖<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">临床上<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>胰腺癌病人在临床中<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不同程度的、<span style="color: black;">没</span>诱因糖尿病病史。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>年龄超过50岁，<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>诱因<span style="color: black;">显现</span>糖尿病症状者，均要高度<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>并排除<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>的胰腺癌病变。</strong>突发糖尿病而又<span style="color: black;">无</span>使之发病的<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，如家族史，<span style="color: black;">或</span>是<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>要高度<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>胰腺癌的可能！</span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7qcegMX5NR3AaYXwmE12DVy0QoRoKDlbwucBBXzbianlv0cjqkOee3ibOP8ibx95yntUUYQePRoDHyc2XTI9dUukQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5.消化不良</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">消化不良是胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的症状之一，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>近期<span style="color: black;">显现</span>模糊不清又<span style="color: black;">不可</span>解释的消化不良，而胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>消化道正常，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>要高度<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>并排除<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>的胰腺癌病变。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">厌食、消化不良和体重下降，胰腺癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状表现为厌食，消化不良和体重下降的<span style="color: black;">大概</span>10％，还有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>专家认为纳减、恶心呕吐、大便习惯改变、消瘦为胰体尾癌的四大<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">哪类人群容易得胰腺癌？</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1.烟民。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">吸烟是一个<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>。有20%的胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>是吸烟<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，常吃熏制或加工肉，会使血糖<span style="color: black;">上升</span>从而<span style="color: black;">增多</span>胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7qcegMX5NR3AaYXwmE12DVy0QoRoKDlb4p5I3wB6Pcpyw6qGx3g6xsR021K39LnosGt0UQTGr8FejSgWD1rFYQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.糖尿病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">日本的大规模调查<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，糖尿病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中，男性患胰腺癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>比健康人群高2.12倍，而女性则要高出1.5倍。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>中老年人<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">膳食</span>和生活习惯问题，血糖却不受<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>有糖尿病，应<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>接受胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>人群。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">美国的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>，<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。BMI超过30的话，男性胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>1.4倍，女性则<span style="color: black;">增多</span>1.3倍。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">怎么样</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>胰腺癌？</strong></span><span style="color: black;">1.临床上应<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>胰腺癌的报警症状，如<span style="color: black;">显现</span>食欲不振，腹痛腹胀，皮肤巩膜发黄，大便颜色变浅，不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的体重下降等症状应<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>胰腺病变的可能。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.重视高危人群的检测及筛查。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">众所周知，一个合格的癌症<span style="color: black;">初期</span>是<span style="color: black;">无</span>任何症状的，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">也</span>是如此。<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>上面所说的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状时，部分病人的分期可能<span style="color: black;">已然</span>不是<span style="color: black;">初期</span>了。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">注意</span>高危人群的<span style="color: black;">监测</span>，如有胰腺癌家族史者、曾患慢性胰腺炎者、曾经做过胃大部切除术者、突发糖尿病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>等都应<span style="color: black;">定时</span>进行胰腺癌筛查体检。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.选对<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>胰腺解剖位置较深，前方有含气肠管的遮挡，超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>时容易时候到干扰，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>胰腺癌筛查的首选<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>为腹部CT或MR。</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">-END-</span></strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/7qcegMX5NR3oEib5nDULTLbgCibArwBUI2aILkj9cicAPAGPWWWZZ19mhTrAtibjFaXz1mty4SrOhbbPlicD5XaiaKhw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; 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