|必读|癌症疫苗行业前沿发展: 哪些疫苗最后能遏制癌症?
<img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jCICDmJABJ5wprfyo57FKVlWMNy3BCk2IvrhsQPK6lvsrR3T73A9JUusmMBzpibOuCRVIKxOsZicbHKs2BwDJtug/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>致癌基因是诱发癌症元凶，逃逸机体免疫防御系统是癌症<span style="color: black;">存活</span>技俩，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>，抗癌疫苗或许是遏制癌症，</strong><strong style="color: blue;">不是<span style="color: black;">独一</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是最佳策略之一。癌症疫苗属于基因治疗。</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">——TIME</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>，在《基因治疗导论》中归纳了<span style="color: black;">日前</span>业界同行开展的24项癌症疫苗1期和2期临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>性治疗项目。真真切切是突飞猛进，日新月异。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>应用不同的疫苗平台，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>DNA、RNA、合成长肽和树突状细胞<span style="color: black;">研发</span>和测试各类抗癌疫苗。</span><span style="color: black;">疫苗抗癌的原理(如下图)，其特殊<span style="color: black;">优良</span>不仅有预防治疗效果(针对<span style="color: black;">知道</span>高危癌症遗传家族人群)，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>针对某一类癌症(不分器官部位)呈现临床疗效。</span><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jCICDmJABJ6KAM5d7ibQK69iaAJR2ZbXBWqApXgAtsLnYIM7dHnzAQeUIqjDMEf34fNnrBckiaprr3uxHEdcUUuvA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">疫苗抗癌的原理，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>是不同器官原发癌症</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">针对癌症抗原的疫苗治疗，或许真正开启个性化抗癌<span style="color: black;">精细</span>治疗新篇章！国际同行已从验证概念，快速进入了临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>和治疗性验证<span style="color: black;">周期</span>。</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌症疫苗的<span style="color: black;">基本</span></span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>创建个性化癌症疫苗，<span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>鉴定<span style="color: black;">病人</span>个体癌症携带的特定肽(新抗原)，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>应用基于细胞、蛋白质或核酸的疫苗平台，将特异性新抗原传递给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">起步</span>机体<span style="color: black;">自己</span>免疫系统<span style="color: black;">从而</span>攻击癌症抗原。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">疫苗的<span style="color: black;">精细</span>设计</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在疫苗设计过程中，<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员</span>有几种<span style="color: black;">选取</span>：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、树突状细胞疫苗</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从<span style="color: black;">病人</span>血液中提取单核细胞，与某些癌症新抗原合成形式<span style="color: black;">一块</span>培养，形成携带新抗原的成熟树突状细胞。<span style="color: black;">而后</span>将这些细胞重新输回到<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的循环系统。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、长肽疫苗</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">含有新抗原序列的合成肽被注入<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>被抗原呈递细胞吸收。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、DNA和RNA疫苗</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">编码新抗原的核酸被引入<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>，然后被翻译成蛋白质并被抗原呈递细胞吸收。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>论哪种设计形式，<span style="color: black;">疫苗</span>应当具备对个体癌症的<span style="color: black;">精细</span>性，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>在癌症不同发展<span style="color: black;">周期</span>(首次和复发后治疗)应用不同的治疗性疫苗。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，相<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">日前</span>的抗癌标准化治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>(手术、化疗和放疗)<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>战略性<span style="color: black;">优良</span>，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>不在一个层级上。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jCICDmJABJ6KAM5d7ibQK69iaAJR2ZbXBWEJollrgNc0O5A5BT2JrjrGlpeyempuyiajGBqhbp3LBaR8xicpXRH64A/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌症个性化疫苗的制备原理</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">癌抗原的<span style="color: black;">选取</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在构建个性化抗癌疫苗之前，<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员<span style="color: black;">必要</span>确定<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span>癌症新抗原，以<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>针对该癌细胞的免疫反应。</span></p><span style="color: black;">全世界各国<span style="color: black;">专家</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>在合作<span style="color: black;">研发</span>了一项AI<span style="color: black;">设备</span>机算法，用于<span style="color: black;">选取</span>最有可能对抗癌症的特异性肽，以激发机体产生足够强大的免疫应答反应，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>消灭癌细胞。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">选取</span>癌症抗原的<span style="color: black;">办法</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、DNA测序，比对编码序列变异</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">利用最新一代基因测序技术，比对癌细胞和正常细胞DNA测序数据，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>与人类基因组数据进行比较，鉴定出该癌症特异性基因改变。<span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">评定</span>这些变异对编码蛋白质的氨基酸序列产生的<span style="color: black;">最后</span>影响。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、表位预测</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>计算机模型<span style="color: black;">评定</span>所选DNA序列，该模型预测新抗原与<span style="color: black;">重点</span>组织相容性复合物(MHC)蛋白的结合，从而将抗原呈<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>癌细胞表面。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、候选新抗原过滤器＃1</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">对来自肿瘤RNA的RNAseq数据进行<span style="color: black;">评定</span>，<span style="color: black;">保证</span>预测编码改变转化为RNA转录本。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、候选新抗原过滤器＃2</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从<span style="color: black;">病人</span>癌细胞分离出MHC蛋白，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>质谱法<span style="color: black;">评定</span>了它们结合的肽段，验证这些肽段<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>由MHC呈递。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>的临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>性治疗</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>，临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>已多达20多种个性化癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。<span style="color: black;">最后</span>成功进入临床应用，不仅取决于有效改善<span style="color: black;">病人</span>预后，还取决于哪种疫苗技术平台<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>扩展性，成本效益。能够满足快速生产且有临床疗效的疫苗才是最后的“王牌”疫苗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>树突状细胞疫苗在诱发<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>免疫反应方面非常有效，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>树突状细胞在免疫系统中的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>是呈递抗原。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另一种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是肌肉注射合成长肽混合物。<span style="color: black;">运用</span>这种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>性治疗，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>黑素瘤和胶质母细胞瘤。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">还有一种<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">诱发</span>新抗原诱发的免疫反应，是应用编码预测新抗原DNA或RNA疫苗。这些疫苗在临床前和RNA疫苗<span style="color: black;">初期</span>实验中证明有效。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">加州理工学院的<span style="color: black;">专家</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>了一种独特的微流控设备和筛选系统。预测癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>接种疫苗之后，新抗原激活人体T细胞免疫反应能力。这是一种<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>预测疫苗<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>呈现出抗癌效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Ljib4So7yuWhgkMfT8sk7NSE7ZZIBNGjyRu1KnTqaVx00ftRgX7SVHnkWby4aEZNMic59GJBovDTf9DAS02We9lQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">将来</span>AI计算<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的拓展，<span style="color: black;">专家</span>将会更<span style="color: black;">精细</span>预测癌症新抗原的效果。换句话讲，将从<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上<span style="color: black;">处理</span>个性化疫苗抗癌疗效问题。这才是抗癌的<span style="color: black;">将来</span>方向。</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>开展的癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">实验</span>和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>性治疗，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>利用不同疫苗平台（DNA、RNA、合成长肽和树突状细胞)，由癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>参与的1期和2期临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>或<span style="color: black;">科研</span>性治疗如下：(省略）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">实验</span>项目者留言，</span><span style="color: black;">太多、太长、太专业了</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>存在不确定性</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>最后成功，很大程度上取决于完善的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，这些<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">保证</span>新抗原预测<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>性和疫</span><span style="color: black;">苗平台可扩展性。</span><span style="color: black;">当然，还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌症疫苗治疗<span style="color: black;">花费</span>可承受性。</span></p><span style="color: black;">迄今为止，临床效果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>疫苗能够诱发机体抗癌免疫反应，<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>严重不良反应。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">当把疫苗与PD-1<span style="color: black;">检测</span>点<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂联合应用，疗效比单独<span style="color: black;">运用</span>任何一种疗法更持久！</span></strong></span></p><span style="color: black;">制备个性化疫苗<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">触及</span>相当多问题，<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>专业知识，多学科协作，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌症基因组学、癌症免疫学、疫苗<span style="color: black;">研发</span>、肿瘤学和诊断学等，以及临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员。</span><span style="color: black;">癌症疫苗<span style="color: black;">研发</span>和质控还<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>级生产专家和审评专家来<span style="color: black;">评定</span>疫苗——疗效反应，可能的耐药性和严重不良事件。</span><span style="color: black;">这些将有赖于商业界和学术界密切合作，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>是超规模合作。</span><span style="color: black;">否则癌症疫苗永远停留在<span style="color: black;">实验</span><span style="color: black;">周期</span>和<span style="color: black;">科研</span>性治疗。</span><span style="color: black;">最后，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>信息，随着</span><span style="color: black;">FDA对多种类型癌症免疫疗法的支持，抗癌疫苗必将朝着更有效、更<span style="color: black;">精细</span>的治疗方向发展下去，勇往直前。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>开展癌症疫苗合作，后台留言(非诚勿扰)；</strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>参加癌症疫苗治疗性<span style="color: black;">科研</span>项目的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>(付费项目)，请关注今天第二篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>内容/联系方式。</strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Ljib4So7yuWgohjHuc6YZYUEHZG8exAoXmWib4M0pj3eJnCqtXkTtme67R1XJkBupxqy6ibDYuxicbkEFmOxvdNGfw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">【春秋】：当把秋叶当作春之花，春天又来了！</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/jCICDmJABJ6KAM5d7ibQK69iaAJR2ZbXBWsn820Dk4DL3GxNLSWJexrLjxdXv10gHTVicAnl6eHfddEdFzLm7Tjjw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/E88Sm1WX6Y724cQnl3UsEhJoV5sicTNYJsQMgBVro7lCaSI3ajlEu0mw88ZicXDyjXrOkQDrgXGP6WGUOL7Jiavgw/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/E88Sm1WX6Y724cQnl3UsEhJoV5sicTNYJBW6qoYFia8Zj98fMvrXE34pd2WNTgNo3fPH9RFqVpDGzWEn8bX39X5A/640?wx_fmt=other&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
页:
[1]