抗肿瘤药物的平常不良反应
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>抗肿瘤药对造血系统都有不同程度的毒性</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、骨髓中<span style="color: black;">各样</span>血细胞对抗肿瘤药的<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>性取决于其半衰期的长短，白细胞半衰期6小时，血小板是5~7天，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>容易减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">损害</span>DNA的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>较强，<span style="color: black;">控制</span>RNA次之，影响蛋白质合成的<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>最小</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、<span style="color: black;">表率</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>有：蒽环类、甲氨蝶呤、多西他赛、紫杉醇、吉西他滨、顺铂、卡铂、环磷酰胺、长春瑞滨等</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>消化道反应</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、表现为恶心、呕吐、厌食、急性胃炎、腹泻、便秘等，严重的是胃肠道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，穿孔、肠梗阻，肠坏死，还有不同程度的肝<span style="color: black;">损害</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、致吐分级：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（1）高致吐（致吐率90%~100%）：顺铂、氮芥等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（2）较强致吐（致吐率60%~90%）：环磷酰胺、阿奇霉素、卡铂等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（3）中度致吐（致吐率30%~60%）：异环磷酰胺、氟尿嘧啶、甲氨蝶呤等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（4）弱致吐（致吐率6%~30%）：博来霉素、长春新碱等</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>过敏反应</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、表现为皮疹、血管神经性水肿、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、低血压、过敏性休克等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>有：门冬酰胺酶、平阳霉素、博来霉素、紫杉醇、蒽环类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>等</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>神经系统反应</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、表现为肢体麻木和感觉<span style="color: black;">反常</span>、可逆性末梢神经炎、深腱反应消失、下肢<span style="color: black;">没</span>力</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、神经毒性多与<span style="color: black;">药品</span>剂量<span style="color: black;">相关</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>有：紫杉醇、异环磷酰胺、长春新碱、铂类等</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">5、</span>心血管系统</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、表现为心电图改变、<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常、非特异性ST-T<span style="color: black;">反常</span>，<span style="color: black;">少许</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>迟发性进行性心肌病变</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、蒽环类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>心脏毒性较为<span style="color: black;">明显</span>，呈剂量累积性</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">6、</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>系统</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、<span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现为肺毒性，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>间质性肺炎、肺水肿、肺纤维化、急性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>衰竭等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>有：博来霉素、卡莫司汀、丝裂霉素、甲氨蝶呤、吉非替尼</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">7、</span>泌尿系统</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、表现为肾损害，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>肾功能<span style="color: black;">反常</span>，血清肌酐<span style="color: black;">上升</span>或蛋白尿、<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>少尿、<span style="color: black;">没</span>尿、急性肾衰竭</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、化学性膀胱炎，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>尿频、尿急、尿痛及血尿、膀胱纤维化</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、<span style="color: black;">表率</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>：顺铂</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">8、</span>局部组织刺激反应</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、静脉炎、漏液<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、局部组织溃疡，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>坏死</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、<span style="color: black;">表率</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>：蒽环类、放线菌素D、丝裂霉素、长春碱类、依托泊苷、氟尿嘧啶、紫杉醇、米托蒽醌、卡莫司汀等</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">9、</span>其他</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、脱发（<span style="color: black;">一般</span>可逆），电解质<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>（低钠、镁、钾、磷血症）、高钙血症、刺激性结膜炎等</p>
说得好啊！我在外链论坛打滚这么多年，所谓阅人无数，就算没有见过猪走路，也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。 期待更新、坐等、迫不及待等。 论坛外链网http://www.fok120.com/
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