机械设计中必须把握的链传动知识！
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">点击上方“小丸子非标机械设计”关注<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>，<span style="color: black;">每日</span>学习一个机械设计<span style="color: black;">关联</span>知识点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Hi~我是小丸子，今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>聊聊在机械设计中，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>必须<span style="color: black;">把握</span>的链传动知识！链传动是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>链条将<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>特殊齿形的主动链轮的运动和动力传递到<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>特殊齿形的从动链轮的一种传动方式。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/229de75eb35f41fc84e9d79e4679bbe8~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=VRXpkg7sGGhuHLR%2BY%2FtG%2Bna0F9Y%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链传动是啮合传动，平均传动比是准确的。它是利用<strong style="color: blue;">链条</strong>与<strong style="color: blue;">链轮</strong>轮齿的啮合来传递动力和运动的机械传动。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、链条</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链条长度以链节数来<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。链节数最好取为偶数，以便链条联成环形时正好是外链板与内链板相接，接头处可用弹簧夹或开口销锁紧。若链节数为奇数时，则需采用过渡链节。在链条受拉时，过渡链节还要承受附加的弯曲载荷，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>应避免采用。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/fb8070aada494fc3bd713d05cb257a53~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=4M%2B6UmygE87uoPc98R6wLtsOfBc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">齿形链由许多冲压而成的齿形链板用铰链联接而成，为避免啮合时掉链，链条应有导向板(分为内导式和外导式)。齿形链板的两侧是直边，工作时链板侧边与链轮齿廓相啮合。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/0cb6b682927741e7937eda3e8a10035f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=dd2GHGieviqCznP99yQmq4sTF4o%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、链轮</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">带嵌齿式扣链齿的轮子，用以与节链环或缆索上节距准确的块体相啮合。链轮轴面齿形两侧呈圆弧状，以便于链节进入和退出啮合。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/1adeffc2e99a44fcabbea431c181ba1a~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=ns92fIHesjK4bYyw3T2Qsn6M1fc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链轮齿应有足够的接触强度和耐磨性，故齿面多经热处理。小链轮的啮合次数比大链轮多，所受冲击力<span style="color: black;">亦</span>大，故所用材料<span style="color: black;">通常</span>应优于大链轮。常用的链轮材料有碳素钢(如Q235、Q275、45、ZG310-570等)、灰铸铁(如HT200)等。重要的链轮可采用合金钢。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/ae051dd9c87246aa99bbf63f654c9164~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=7k5sopSUBLkUapdCW5TKh9QxcCw%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">小直径链轮可制成实心式；中等直径的链轮可制成孔板式；直径<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的链轮可设计成组合式，若轮齿因磨损而失效，可更换齿圈。链轮轮毂部分的尺寸可参考带轮。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、链传动优缺点：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">优点：与带传动相比，无弹性滑动和打滑现象，平均传动比准确，工作<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>，效率高；传递功率大，过载能力强，相同工况下的传动尺寸小；所需张紧力小，<span style="color: black;">功效</span>于轴上的压力小；能在高温、潮湿、多尘、有污染等<span style="color: black;">卑劣</span>环境中工作。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">缺点：仅能用于两平行轴间的传动；成本高，易磨损，易伸长，传动<span style="color: black;">安稳</span>性差，运转时会产生附加动载荷、振动、冲击和噪声，不宜用在急速反向的传动中。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4、链传动的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>参数</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>参数是链轮齿数、链的节数、中心距和链长。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">链轮齿数</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">为<span style="color: black;">加强</span>链传动的运动<span style="color: black;">安稳</span>性、降低动载荷，小链轮齿数多<span style="color: black;">有些</span>为好。但小链轮齿数<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不宜<span style="color: black;">太多</span>，否则链传动会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>跳齿失效。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/254607916fb8421b99257a7459d52a0d~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=OH41TiK2jePBUGy9lqLS%2F6%2BkB2E%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span>链条节数为偶数以避免<span style="color: black;">运用</span>过渡接头。为使磨损均匀，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>寿命，链轮齿数最好与链节数互质，若<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">保准</span>互质，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应使其公因数尽可能小。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">链的节数</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链的节距越大，理论上承载能力越高。但如上节所述：节距越大，由链条速度变化和链节啮入链轮产生冲击所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的动载荷越大，反而使链承载能力和寿命降低。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，设计时应尽可能<span style="color: black;">选择</span>小节距的链，重载时<span style="color: black;">选择</span>小节距多排链的<span style="color: black;">实质</span>效果<span style="color: black;">常常</span>比<span style="color: black;">选择</span>大节距单排链的效果更好。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">中心距和链长</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链传动中心距过小，则小链轮上的包角小，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>啮合的链轮齿数就少；若中心距过大，则易使链条抖动。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>可取中心距a=(30～50)p，最大中心距 ≤80p。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/40121e44d52f4131aa46755bf6370ac5~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=hGvcLSbj0NrgPuk9t17d9HL1l6M%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链条长度用链的节数<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。按带传动求带长的公式可导出由此算出的链节数，须圆整为整数，最好取为偶数。为便于安装链条和调节链的张紧程度，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>应将中心距设计成可调节的；<span style="color: black;">或</span>应有张紧<span style="color: black;">安装</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">5、链传动的实例案例：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">自动</span>车、摩托车和三轮车中链传动的应用</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/8694666f0cf54acf91bb8c67773a168b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=LOYc1XDCRYxC%2BcSOV7UCKbvNs8Y%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/e26f7d14a58b4f028be17f5b197eba35~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=j%2Fhd9Qs6gT3bxTtKOBAmlzYMXpI%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大型机械设备的应用</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/2f6941b7dc694be287776673aa8f6878~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=RqNrYb%2FeMUnWaqimubr5uW65m0A%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">某些型号发动机中的应用</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/acb64acea92d4cbbb9a53130b8546b4b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=3egIaxk%2F3NfzW%2F07s2W2yCkFovY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最后欣赏<span style="color: black;">有些</span>不<span style="color: black;">平常</span>链传动<span style="color: black;">公司</span>：</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/3569ea3b3245459bb6982d226354b2bd~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=e2yH7%2BEG9MaCTorywUg2Yu4Vy%2Fg%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">↑↑旋转运动转换成线性往复运动，图中的两个链轮的齿数相等。此<span style="color: black;">公司</span>应用于竹子切割机</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p26-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/d64fce6b79fe41bf82d03b0302895839~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=9K96Xlv%2F%2FF%2B2A8J4lXbSzh7GvkQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">↑↑旋转运动转换成在行程末期有驻留的线性往复运动</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/42537fe197dd4d4b830e24d7a305b8db~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1729504057&x-signature=H1lTItjR%2Bhzb8%2FeedmZrssJZhJw%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">↑↑将<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性旋转运动转换成在双行程末端有驻留的往复运动</p>
</div>
期待更新、坐等、迫不及待等。 “BS”（鄙视的缩写） 感谢你的精彩评论，为我的思绪打开了新的窗口。
页:
[1]