所有癌症病人，都必要做该项检测吗？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">提起</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">免疫组化</strong></span><span style="color: black;">，相信大部分癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span><strong style="color: blue;">并不陌生</strong>，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在确诊时，几乎所有的<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>都会让肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>做这个“免疫组化”。</span><span style="color: black;">但大部分人</span><span style="color: black;">对它</span><strong style="color: blue;">并不<span style="color: black;">认识</span>。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>来讲一下免疫组化<span style="color: black;">到底</span>是何方神圣？是不是<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span></span><strong style="color: blue;">都<span style="color: black;">必定</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>做呢</strong><span style="color: black;">？</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/31b5dfcee7084a21973a6685af0aa207.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">免疫组化有何用？</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">其实，免疫组化是一种常用的实验技术，其是<strong style="color: blue;">病理科</strong>经常会做的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>进行肿瘤的<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">诊断以及鉴别诊断</span></strong>，还有对肿瘤进行<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">更为细化的<span style="color: black;">归类</span></strong></span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>，在加做了免疫组化以后，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是<span style="color: black;">有些</span><strong style="color: blue;">低分化或未分化</strong>的肿瘤，它诊断的<strong style="color: blue;">准确率</strong><span style="color: black;">能够</span>达到<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">50%-75%</strong></span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/caeaae32b0d64b6e9376796a97bc1237.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">免疫组化的三大<span style="color: black;">优良</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">下面，笔者就<span style="color: black;">详细</span>地和<span style="color: black;">大众</span>聊聊，免疫组化<span style="color: black;">到底</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>有<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">优良</span></strong>？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">1</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">判断肿瘤的良恶性：</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>增殖细胞核抗原，周期素，核抗原(Ki-67)等<span style="color: black;">认识</span><strong style="color: blue;">肿瘤增殖能力</strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从而<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>细胞的<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">良恶性</span></strong>。以及<span style="color: black;">认识</span>肿瘤<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>浸润</strong>淋巴管或血管，<span style="color: black;">知道</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>分期。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/e308f70b78764678b082af682cd55c45.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">2</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>癌细胞属性的判定更为准确</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">对<strong style="color: blue;">“未分化”恶性肿瘤</strong>的<span style="color: black;">归类</span>：例如<span style="color: black;">经过</span>细胞角蛋白(CK)、波形蛋白）等的检测，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>知晓该恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">是癌还是肉瘤</strong></span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/26aeaa3fe2854cf89795c36ec56cbc86.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">3</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">知道</span>肿瘤的治疗及预后：</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>免疫组化检测，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提前<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤的<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">侵袭性</strong></span>和<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">复发<span style="color: black;">危害</span>等</strong></span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>。可辅助判断，如乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>内分泌治疗。或需加用曲妥珠单抗等靶向治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">加强</span>治疗效果</strong>，还<strong style="color: blue;">降低了用药<span style="color: black;">危害</span></strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/52d61aa6aa97420fbe73f5252ab63497.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">那些</span>人需做免疫组化？</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">其实对所有肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，做免疫组化还是<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">特别有</span>必要</strong>的，这并不是<span style="color: black;">没</span>用之功，有时候<span style="color: black;">常常</span>为了<strong style="color: blue;">“省小钱</strong>”，最后在治疗上走弯路<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“花大钱”</span></strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/d01d406a54c6427a92be459493b26d3b.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">帮助</span>找到合适治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">曾有位60岁的<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肺腺癌</strong></span>男性<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，肿瘤本身不太大，身体素质还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>，但经过4次化疗，虽<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>恶化，但<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>好转。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">后面在<span style="color: black;">意见</span>下做了免疫组化，检测<span style="color: black;">病人</span>肺腺癌组织中的ALK融合基因，该</span><strong style="color: blue;">呈阳性表达。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">显示</span>可</span><strong style="color: blue;">获益于</strong><span style="color: black;">ALK<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂的靶向治疗，加用了阿</span>来<span style="color: black;">替尼之后，肿瘤</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">显著</span>缩小</strong></span><span style="color: black;">，症状<span style="color: black;">亦</span>改善许多。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q2.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/d31bf989a1af479bb39bf461c7c93e1f.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>需惧怕免疫组化<span style="color: black;">检测</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">许多人会误以为<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>恶性肿瘤才<span style="color: black;">必须</span>做免疫组化<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，一听<span style="color: black;">必须</span>做免免疫组化便像<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“如临大敌”</strong></span>，觉得自己病情严重，其实这是<strong style="color: blue;">完全不对的</strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>做免疫组化与肿瘤细胞的良恶性，</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">无</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;">必然联系</strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有的良性肿瘤可能<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行免疫组化<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，便于<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>其</span><strong style="color: blue;">原发灶<span style="color: black;">状况</span>和预后</strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/0d9abd7f653a4ba6a7763358dfcb160f.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">尤其针对</span><span style="color: black;">乳腺癌、宫颈癌、肺癌等<span style="color: black;">病人</span></span><span style="color: black;">，许多常规病理诊断困难，有些细胞，并不是<strong style="color: blue;">“善恶分明”</strong>的，有的是组织结构不典型，有的是<span style="color: black;">处在</span>良恶性交界的临界点上。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">此时</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>免疫组化来<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">进一步确诊</span></strong>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240515/71e145e937c84504b27ee1b8fe7b4256.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">但需知，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span><strong style="color: blue;">单凭</strong>免疫组化的结果<strong style="color: blue;">来“定生死”</strong>，</span>免疫组化<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">辅助手段</strong></span>，应该在整体诊疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>中起到<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">弥补</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span></strong>，而<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">不是过度依赖</strong></span>。</span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">原位腺癌<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>是恶性肿瘤？ </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"># </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">得了结节，怎么办？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"># </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前列腺癌晚期，翻盘重生<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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