哈工大姜巨福教授：新办法实现稳定触变变形 助力半固态HEA性能加强
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">导读</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">提出了粉末冶金-快速加热等温保温(PMRHI)<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，以实现半固态Al0.8Co1.5Cr0.5CuFeNi HEA的快速球化和<span style="color: black;">控制</span>固相晶粒粗化。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>了PMRHI后合金的触变<span style="color: black;">行径</span>和微观组织，探索了PMRHI后触变<span style="color: black;">行径</span>与微观组织的关系，并表征了由<span style="color: black;">成份</span><span style="color: black;">繁杂</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>的多级半固态微观组织。该<span style="color: black;">科研</span>为快速球化制备细晶半固态HEAs，实现稳定的触变变形，为HEAs的力学性能<span style="color: black;">提高</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>了有效的策略。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">基于多主<span style="color: black;">成份</span>设计思想<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的高熵合金(HEAs)<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>优异的性能和广阔的<span style="color: black;">成份</span>设计空间，被认为是极端环境下服役的候选材料。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，对快速增长的HEAs的加工和制造的迫切<span style="color: black;">需要</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>显现。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">半固态加工(SSP)是一种极具吸引力的金属加工成形<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，依赖于合金在固液区间的触变<span style="color: black;">行径</span>。SSP结合了固体成形和液体成形的优点，如低成形负荷，优越的近净成形能力，以及消除缺陷和<span style="color: black;">加强</span>性能的能力。自2017年首次报<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>，设计和探索出了许多半固态HEA，<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>稳定的窗口、力学性能<span style="color: black;">明显</span>改善以及灵活性的设计。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">为了<span style="color: black;">得到</span>理想的半固态组织，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>需要严格<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>半固态等温时间和温度，以调节球化程度、晶粒尺寸、固液均匀性。已有<span style="color: black;">报告</span>的半固态HEAs是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>钢锭变形组织的再结晶和半固态重熔得到的，这限制了SSP的效率。基于此，哈尔滨工业大学姜巨福教授课题组尝试提出一种新的粉末冶金<span style="color: black;">办法</span>——快速加热等温保温(PMRHI)，以期大幅削弱等温处理过程的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>，该<span style="color: black;">办法</span>适用于以BCC结构为主的高强低塑性HEAs的加工。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>成果以题为“Thixotropic deformation behavior, rapid spheroidization and solid-liquid homogenization of semi-solid Al0.8Co0.5Cr1.5CuFeNi HEA with multilevel microstructure”<span style="color: black;">发布</span>于期刊《Scripta Materialia》。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">该文<span style="color: black;">得到</span>国家自然科学基金项目(52071113)<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>，<span style="color: black;">第1</span>作者为黄敏杰博士<span style="color: black;">科研</span>生。</span></span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">半固态HEA触变变形过程中存在剪切稀化效应，流动应力的双峰特征随着固粒滑移（SS）和含固粒液体流动（FLS）的进行而减弱，表现出固液均匀性和稳定的触变变形，<span style="color: black;">表示</span>了SSP在高强度HEA加工中的<span style="color: black;">潜能</span>。</span></span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">固液分布均匀性<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span>液膜通道<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的空隙和热撕裂。在多层半固态组织中，凝固的液相与固相的取向关系近似为Kurdjumov-Sachs关系，固相中形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>细小的富Al-Ni和Fe-Cr的旋节板和纳米Cu析出相。1 225 ℃/0.05 s-1的稳定触变变形后，合金力学性能<span style="color: black;">明显</span>改善。</span></span></p>
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