中新健康|专家：多发性骨髓瘤诊疗应多学科联合“量身定制”最佳治疗办法
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中新网上海3月2日电 (记者 陈静)骨质疏松、骨痛、贫血、乏力、视力<span style="color: black;">衰退</span>、病毒感染……这些看似老年人的<span style="color: black;">平常</span>症状，<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>“元凶”可能是血液肿瘤——多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma, MM)。中国抗癌协会血液肿瘤整合<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>专委会<span style="color: black;">专家</span>委员邱录贵2日<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，多发性骨髓瘤首次复发时的治疗<span style="color: black;">选取</span>尤为<span style="color: black;">重要</span>，是<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span>深度缓解的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>契机。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>骨髓内浆细胞恶性增殖，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>分泌<span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>免疫球蛋白。邱录贵当日<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>：“这些<span style="color: black;">反常</span>的免疫球蛋白<span style="color: black;">不可</span>发挥正常球蛋白<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>免疫力的功能，<span style="color: black;">太多</span>的这种‘坏’蛋白累积在器官中，还会对<span style="color: black;">病人</span>各系统和多种器官功能产生严重损害，<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>病死率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。”据介绍，多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">根据</span>发生次数，分首次复发和多线复发。若首次复发未得到有效的规范治疗，随着复发次数<span style="color: black;">增多</span>，治疗效果和预后随之下降，<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>期(PFS)和复发后的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">持续</span>缩短。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>多发性骨髓瘤临床症状的多样性，人们<span style="color: black;">常常</span>难以识别。在现实生活中，大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>初诊科室不在血液科，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>病人表现为骨痛，可能会就诊于骨科；<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>病人表现为肾损害、尿蛋白，可能就会去肾内科；<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>病人以<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>为主，有可能去<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>科；而<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>病人表现为感染或肺部感染，有可能就诊于<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>科或感染科。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“多发性骨髓瘤的诊疗应该以血液科为主，联合骨科、肾内科、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>科、风湿免疫科、心内科、<span style="color: black;">麻木</span>科等科室进行多学科诊疗。”邱录贵认为，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span>打破学科壁垒，减少公众<span style="color: black;">看病</span>环节，节约<span style="color: black;">看病</span>成本，最<span style="color: black;">短期</span>为<span style="color: black;">病人</span>量身定制最佳的治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>；还<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>从更系统、更整体的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>去看待<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，有利于规范多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的诊治和管理，让<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>进入慢病化全程管理<span style="color: black;">周期</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q2.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240302/69ef5f285519442f891bb88fda67237b.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这次</span>“奏响生命凯歌，医路相髓”系列活动，均由北京、上海、天津、成都、杭州、武汉等大型城市的三甲医院血液科主办。(活动组委会供图)</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3月是“国际骨髓瘤关爱月”。记者2日<span style="color: black;">这里</span>间获悉，中国抗癌协会科普专业委员会和中国抗癌协会血液肿瘤整合<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>专委会<span style="color: black;">一起</span>发起全国科普公益活动<span style="color: black;">起步</span>，主题为“奏响生命凯歌，医路相髓”。<span style="color: black;">这次</span>“奏响生命凯歌，医路相髓”系列活动，均由北京、上海、天津、成都、杭州、武汉等大型城市的三甲医院血液科主办，旨在<span style="color: black;">加强</span>公众对多发性骨髓瘤的认识，呼吁各方关注多发性骨髓瘤可长<span style="color: black;">存活</span>的新趋势，<span style="color: black;">创立</span>慢病化全程管理的新观念。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，多发性骨髓瘤的临床表现多种多样且<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>的隐匿性，其<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>器官功能<span style="color: black;">损害</span>表<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>临床上<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“CRAB”(螃蟹)。骨病是多发性骨髓瘤最典型的特征表现之一，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>多发性骨髓瘤细胞分泌破骨细胞活性因子，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>骨质破坏，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>初诊<span style="color: black;">病人</span>伴有溶骨性损害、骨质疏松和/或压缩性骨折等骨<span style="color: black;">关联</span>事件，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>多发性骨髓瘤又被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“吃”骨头的病。多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>骨骼病变及骨<span style="color: black;">关联</span>事件<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会严重影响<span style="color: black;">病人</span>自主活动能力和生活质量，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>会缩短<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>时间。<span style="color: black;">经过</span>骨靶向治疗，穿上“骨铠甲”，可修复骨破坏，防止骨转移。近些年，免疫调节药物、新一代蛋白酶体<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂和骨靶向<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的联合应用，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的总体<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率，让<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>周期<span style="color: black;">明显</span>延长、整体<span style="color: black;">存活</span>质量得到<span style="color: black;">极重</span><span style="color: black;">提高</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">加强</span>防癌<span style="color: black;">认识</span>、规范治疗降低复发率、<span style="color: black;">定时</span>复诊，科学<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>，对<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的精心护理和营养管理，是对多发性骨髓瘤进行“慢病化管理”的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">前提</span>。“多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">发展</span>比较慢，是偏惰性的。而<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗绝大部分病人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>达到深度缓解<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>是完全缓解，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>临床治愈。此后继续<span style="color: black;">经过</span>巩固和维持的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，就能很好地<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。”邱录贵指出，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>医患双方的<span style="color: black;">一起</span><span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>，<span style="color: black;">必定</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>实现多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的长<span style="color: black;">存活</span>和高质量的<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>生活。(完)<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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