"120万元一针的药或让癌细胞清零"到底是真是假?今天都给你说明白
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大众</span>都<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>,癌症是一种很可怕的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,不仅致死率高,治疗难度大,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>会给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>带来巨大的痛苦。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">近期,网上<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了“120万元一针的抗癌药或让癌细胞清零”的<span style="color: black;">报告</span>,这种药叫做CAR-T<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,<span style="color: black;">药物</span>名字是阿基仑赛注射液,<span style="color: black;">已然</span>在我国<span style="color: black;">获准</span>上市。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-6dd5fa2d52179bac72cdefef73813aa3_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">据<span style="color: black;">媒介</span><span style="color: black;">报告</span>,此前有<span style="color: black;">病人</span>“2个月细胞清零”,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>只打了一针。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这<span style="color: black;">是否</span><span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着对癌症的治疗向前迈了一大步?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有,CAR-T治疗<span style="color: black;">到底</span>是什么?有这么神奇吗?<span style="color: black;">为何</span>这么贵?能治疗所有的癌症?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>来走进真相。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T治疗是什么?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T,是一种经过人工改造的,专门针对癌细胞的杀伤细胞。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">T细胞是机<span style="color: black;">身体</span>一类免疫细胞,<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>识别敌我并执行杀伤的能力,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>对<span style="color: black;">自己</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>细胞(如癌细胞)具有免疫<span style="color: black;">监测</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>,但<span style="color: black;">因为</span>种种<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,T细胞可能会失误,这就让癌细胞有了可乘之机,人就会患癌症。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">T细胞攻击癌细胞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而CAR-T是一种人工改造T细胞,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有两个任务:<span style="color: black;">首要</span>是激活T细胞,<span style="color: black;">增多</span>消灭癌细胞的战斗力;其次是<span style="color: black;">精细</span>杀伤,做到消灭肿瘤细胞<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不伤及正常细胞。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T治疗<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有三个<span style="color: black;">过程</span>:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>步是<span style="color: black;">病人</span>T细胞收集。这步至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>以前的治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>都会不同程度<span style="color: black;">损害</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>T细胞,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>收集到足够量合格T细胞<span style="color: black;">亦</span>并非人人都<span style="color: black;">达到</span>到的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">第二步是体外利用基因工程手段,将原版T细胞改造为CAR-T细胞。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">第三步是将CAR-T细胞回输<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>,执行对肿瘤细胞的大规模<span style="color: black;">精细</span>杀伤。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">打一针,俩月癌细胞就能归零?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>是有可能的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T疗法属于免疫细胞治疗,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>在体外改造T细胞而<span style="color: black;">最后</span>实现<span style="color: black;">有效</span>、特异杀伤癌细胞目的,<span style="color: black;">最后</span>达到完全清除甚或治愈的效果。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>,CAR-T<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">准许</span>用于血液系统肿瘤的治疗,如弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、滤泡性淋巴瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤和B细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">临床实验<span style="color: black;">表示</span>高达94%的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>症状得到缓解,部分达到癌细胞完全消除而治愈。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-0d74e2df17ffab768a96925307ffcb11_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">更难能可贵之处在于这些接受治疗的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>都接受过<span style="color: black;">最少</span>一次其他形式治疗,但<span style="color: black;">没</span>效或产生耐药性,从而<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着CAR-T可能是<span style="color: black;">她们</span>“最后一根稻草”,但<span style="color: black;">最后</span>却得到起死回生的疗效。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这一惊人效果自然<span style="color: black;">导致</span>社会<span style="color: black;">极重</span>关注,为部分“深陷<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>泥潭”的血液系统肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>和家庭带来巨大<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">为什么CAR-T一针就这么贵?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>有两个<span style="color: black;">原由</span>:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">过程非常繁琐:<span style="color: black;">触及</span>方方面面,除刚才提及的三个<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">过程</span>外,还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>一个自始至终的高素质临床治疗和护理团队,花费自然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就水涨船高。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">较少的适用症:CAR-T治疗<span style="color: black;">日前</span>仅<span style="color: black;">准许</span>用于血液系统肿瘤治疗,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>还是限定类型(并非所有血液系统肿瘤都有效),对实体肿瘤治疗效果<span style="color: black;">不睬</span>想客观现实将<span style="color: black;">极重</span>限制CAR-T规模化应用,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>人力成本难以分担。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T治疗有什么<span style="color: black;">危害</span>?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在强调CAR-T神奇疗效<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">不该</span><span style="color: black;">忽略</span>其严重临床不良反应。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>为细胞因子释放综合症和神经毒性。高度激活T细胞杀伤癌细胞过程中会在<span style="color: black;">短期</span>内释放过量细胞因子,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>高烧和血压骤降等现象<span style="color: black;">出现</span>,<span style="color: black;">少许</span>严重<span style="color: black;">状况</span>还需在重症监护室进行护理。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">神经毒性表现<span style="color: black;">包含</span>轻度至重度<span style="color: black;">认识</span>模糊、颤抖,罕见<span style="color: black;">状况</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>癫痫<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>,记忆力衰退<span style="color: black;">亦</span>时常<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T技术经过改进和完善,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>这些并发症严重程度得到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度<span style="color: black;">处理</span>,临床护理团队的密切关注<span style="color: black;">病人</span>动态<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是降低副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">害处</span>的强有力<span style="color: black;">保证</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">大众</span>应理性看待CAR-T这一新疗法,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>将其看作百利而<span style="color: black;">没</span>一害的“灵丹妙药”。CAR-T<span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>应用于其他治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>效或耐受后的备选<span style="color: black;">方法</span>,而非首选。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这<span style="color: black;">是否</span>预示着治疗癌症新的<span style="color: black;">将来</span>?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在治疗血液系统肿瘤上,CAR-T疗法的确是个很大的进步,但从整体癌症治疗上来看还是比较有局限性的,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>治疗实体瘤才是癌症治疗方面的重头戏。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有,120万元一针的治疗<span style="color: black;">花费</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是个天文数字。今后随着技术成熟和治疗程序的标准化,CAR-T治疗的价格肯定会有所下降,但短期来看降价幅度有限,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>该疗法一方面<span style="color: black;">触及</span>技术专利,另一方面还要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>较多的人力价格<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>,免疫疗法被看作有望治愈癌症的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>策略而被寄予厚望,<span style="color: black;">没</span>论是CAR-T还是其他免疫治疗,都为部分适应症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>带来重大益处。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着对免疫机制的深入认识和<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">开发</span>人员孜孜不倦的追求,癌症治疗新技术相信会层出不穷,它们都将在战胜癌症这一顽疾过程中发挥<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>价值。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">综上所述</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CAR-T疗法针对的是血液系统癌症</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>不是对所有血液系统肿瘤都有效</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而对实体瘤则是基本<span style="color: black;">没</span>效</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要理性看待!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本文专家:本文专家:郭晓强博士,生命科学<span style="color: black;">行业</span>科普作家</p>
期待更新、坐等、迫不及待等。 论坛的成果是显著的,但我们不能因为成绩而沾沾自喜。 期待楼主的下一次分享!” 这篇文章真的让我受益匪浅,外链发布感谢分享! 这篇文章真的让我受益匪浅,外链发布感谢分享!
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