tw4ld6 发表于 2024-10-5 10:47:04

你晓得PHP协程是什么吗?


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">什么是协程</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">先搞清楚,什么是协程。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">你可能<span style="color: black;">已然</span>听过『进程』和『线程』这两个概念。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进程<span style="color: black;">便是</span>二进制可执行文件在计算机内存里的一个运行实例,就好比你的.exe文件是个类,进程<span style="color: black;">便是</span>new出来的那个实例。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进程是计算机系统进行资源分配和调度的基本单位(调度单位<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>别纠结线程进程的),<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>CPU下同一时刻只能处理一个进程。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">所说</span>的并行,只<span style="color: black;">不外</span>是看起来并行,CPU事实上在用<span style="color: black;">火速</span>的速度切换<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的进程。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进程的切换需要进行系统调用,CPU要<span style="color: black;">保留</span>当前进程的各个信息,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>还会使CPUCache被废掉。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>进程切换不到费不得已就不做。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>怎么实现『进程切换不到费不得已就不做』呢?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>进程被切换的<span style="color: black;">要求</span>是:进程执行完毕、分配给进程的CPU时间片结束,系统<span style="color: black;">出现</span>中断需要处理,<span style="color: black;">或</span>进程等待必要的资源(进程阻塞)等。你想下,前面几种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>自然<span style="color: black;">无</span>什么话可说,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是在阻塞等待,是不是就浪费了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实阻塞的话<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的程序还有其他可执行的<span style="color: black;">地区</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>执行,不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要傻傻的等!<span style="color: black;">因此</span>就有了线程。线程简单理解<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个『微进程』,专门跑一个函数(<span style="color: black;">规律</span>流)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在编写程序的过程中将<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>运行的函数用线程来<span style="color: black;">表现</span>了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">线程有两种类型,一种<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>内核来管理和调度。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说,只要<span style="color: black;">触及</span>需要内核参与管理调度的,代价都是很大的。这种线程其实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就<span style="color: black;">处理</span>了当一个进程中,某个正在执行的线程遇到阻塞,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>调度<span style="color: black;">另一</span>一个可运行的线程来跑,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>还是在同一个进程里,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>没有了进程切换。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有<span style="color: black;">另一</span>一种线程,他的调度<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>程序员自己写程序来管理的,对内核<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>不可见。这种线程叫做『用户空间线程』。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">协程<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一种用户空间线程。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">协程,有几个特点:</p>协同,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>程序员自己写的调度策略,其<span style="color: black;">经过</span>协作而不是抢占来进行切换在用户态完成创建,切换和销毁⚠️ 从编程<span style="color: black;">方向</span>上看,协程的思想本质上<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>流的主动让出(yield)和恢复(resume)机制迭代器经常用来实现协程<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">说到<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>,你应该明白协程的基本概念了吧?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">PHP实现协程</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">循序渐进</span>来,从解释概念说起!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">可迭代对象</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">PHP5<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了一种定义对象的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>使其<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>单元列表来遍历,例如用foreach语句。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">你<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>要实现一个可迭代对象,你就要实现Iterator接口:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">&lt;?php</span>
      <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">class</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">MyIterator</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">implements</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">Iterator</span>
      </span>{
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">private</span>&nbsp;$var&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">array</span>();
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($array)</span>
            &nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">if</span>&nbsp;(is_array($array))&nbsp;{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;var&nbsp;=&nbsp;$array;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;}
      &nbsp;}<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">rewind</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"rewinding\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;reset(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;var);
      &nbsp;}
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">current</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;$var&nbsp;=&nbsp;current(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;var);
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"current:&nbsp;$var\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;$var;
      &nbsp;}
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">key</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;$var&nbsp;=&nbsp;key(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;var);
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"key:&nbsp;$var\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>$var;
      &nbsp;}<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">next</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;$var&nbsp;=&nbsp;next(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;var);
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"next:&nbsp;$var\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;$var;
      &nbsp;}
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">valid</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;$var&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;current()&nbsp;!==<span style="color: black;">false</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"valid:&nbsp;{$var}\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;$var;
      &nbsp;}
      }
      $values&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">array</span>(<span style="color: black;">1</span>,<span style="color: black;">2</span>,<span style="color: black;">3</span>);
      $it&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>&nbsp;MyIterator($values);
      <span style="color: black;">foreach</span>($it&nbsp;as&nbsp;$a&nbsp;=&gt;&nbsp;$b)&nbsp;{<span style="color: black;">print</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"$a:&nbsp;$b\n"</span>;
      }
    </span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">生成器</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>说之前为了<span style="color: black;">持有</span>一个能够被foreach遍历的对象,你不得不去实现一堆的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,yield关键字<span style="color: black;">便是</span>为了简化这个过程。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">生成器<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了一种<span style="color: black;">更易</span>的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>来实现简单的对象迭代,相比较定义类实现Iterator接口的方式,性能开销和<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>性大大降低。</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">&lt;?php</span>
      <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">xrange</span><span style="color: black;">($start,&nbsp;$end,&nbsp;$step&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1</span>)</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;($i&nbsp;=&nbsp;$start;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;$end;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;+=&nbsp;$step)&nbsp;{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;$i;
      &nbsp;}
      }
      <span style="color: black;">foreach</span>&nbsp;(xrange(<span style="color: black;">1</span>,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1000000</span>)&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">as</span>&nbsp;$num)&nbsp;{
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;$num,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"\n"</span>;
      }
    </span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">记住,一个函数中<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>用了yield,他<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个生成器,直接调用他是<span style="color: black;">无</span>用的,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>等同于一个函数那样去执行!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,yield<span style="color: black;">便是</span>yield,下次谁再说yield是协程,我肯定把你xxxx。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">PHP协程</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前面介绍协程的时候说了,协程需要程序员自己去编写调度机制,下面<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>来看这个机制怎么写。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">0)生成器正确<span style="color: black;">运用</span></p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">既然生成器<span style="color: black;">不可</span>像函数<span style="color: black;">同样</span>直接调用,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>怎么<span style="color: black;">才可</span>调用呢?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">办法</span>如下:</p>foreach他send($value)current / next...<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)Task实现</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Task<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个任务的抽象,<span style="color: black;">刚才</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说了协程<span style="color: black;">便是</span>用户空间协程,线程<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解<span style="color: black;">便是</span>跑一个函数。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>Task的构造函数中<span style="color: black;">便是</span>接收一个闭包函数,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>命名为coroutine。</p><span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;*&nbsp;Task任务类
      &nbsp;*/</span>
    <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">class</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">Task</span>
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>&nbsp;$taskId;
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>&nbsp;$coroutine;
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>$beforeFirstYield&nbsp;=<span style="color: black;">true</span>;
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>&nbsp;$sendValue;

    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;Task&nbsp;constructor.
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;$taskId
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$coroutine
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($taskId,&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$coroutine)</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskId&nbsp;=&nbsp;$taskId;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;coroutine&nbsp;=&nbsp;$coroutine;
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;获取当前的Task的ID
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*<span style="color: black;">@return</span>&nbsp;mixed
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">getTaskId</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskId;
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;判断Task执行完毕了<span style="color: black;">无</span>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@return</span>bool
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">isFinished</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;!<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;coroutine-&gt;valid();
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;设置下次要传给协程的值,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>&nbsp;$id&nbsp;=&nbsp;(yield&nbsp;$xxxx),这个值就给了$id了
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;$value
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">setSendValue</span><span style="color: black;">($value)</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;sendValue&nbsp;=&nbsp;$value;
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;运行任务
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*<span style="color: black;">@return</span>&nbsp;mixed
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">run</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>,生成器的<span style="color: black;">起始</span>会reset,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>个值要用current获取</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">if</span>&nbsp;(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;beforeFirstYield)&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;beforeFirstYield&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">false</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;coroutine-&gt;current();
    &nbsp;&nbsp;}&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">else</span>&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说过了,用send去调用一个生成器</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$retval&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;coroutine-&gt;send(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;sendValue);
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;sendValue&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">null</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>$retval;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;}
    &nbsp;}
    }<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)Scheduler实现</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">接下来<span style="color: black;">便是</span>Scheduler这个重点核心部分,他<span style="color: black;">装扮</span>着调度员的角色。</p><span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;*&nbsp;Class&nbsp;Scheduler
      &nbsp;*/</span>
    <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Class</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">Scheduler</span>
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@var</span>SplQueue
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>&nbsp;$taskQueue;
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@var</span>&nbsp;int
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>&nbsp;$tid&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">0</span>;

    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;Scheduler&nbsp;constructor.
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/*&nbsp;原理<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>了一个队列,
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;前面说过,从编程<span style="color: black;">方向</span>上看,协程的思想本质上<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>流的主动让出(yield)和恢复(resume)机制
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskQueue&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>SplQueue();
    &nbsp;}<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">增多</span>一个任务
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$task
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@return</span>&nbsp;int
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">addTask</span><span style="color: black;">(Generator&nbsp;$task)</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;$tid&nbsp;=<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;tid;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;$task&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>&nbsp;Task($tid,&nbsp;$task);
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskQueue-&gt;enqueue($task);
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;tid++;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;$tid;
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;把任务进入队列
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;Task&nbsp;$task
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">schedule</span><span style="color: black;">(Task&nbsp;$task)</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskQueue-&gt;enqueue($task);
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;运行调度器
      &nbsp;&nbsp;*/</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">run</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
      &nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">while</span>&nbsp;(!<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskQueue-&gt;isEmpty())&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;任务出队</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$task&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskQueue-&gt;dequeue();
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$res&nbsp;=&nbsp;$task-&gt;run();&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;运行任务直到&nbsp;yield</span>

    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">if</span>(!$task-&gt;isFinished())&nbsp;{<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;schedule($task);&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;任务<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>还没完全执行完毕,入队等下次执行</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}
    &nbsp;&nbsp;}
    &nbsp;}
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>基本就实现了一个协程调度器。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">你<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>下面的代码来测试:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">&lt;?php</span>
      <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task1</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>($i&nbsp;=<span style="color: black;">1</span>;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">10</span>;&nbsp;++$i)&nbsp;{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"This&nbsp;is&nbsp;task&nbsp;1&nbsp;iteration&nbsp;$i.\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;主动让出CPU的执行权</span>
      &nbsp;}
      }
      <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task2</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;($i&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1</span>;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">5</span>;&nbsp;++$i)&nbsp;{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"This&nbsp;is&nbsp;task&nbsp;2&nbsp;iteration&nbsp;$i.\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;主动让出CPU的执行权</span>
      &nbsp;}
      }
      $scheduler&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>&nbsp;Scheduler;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;实例化一个调度器</span>
      $scheduler-&gt;newTask(task1());&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;添加<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的闭包函数<span style="color: black;">做为</span>任务</span>$scheduler-&gt;newTask(task2());
      $scheduler-&gt;run();</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">关键说下在哪里能用得到PHP协程。</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task1</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">/*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>有一个远程任务,需要耗时10s,可能是一个远程<span style="color: black;">设备</span>抓取分析远程网址的任务,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>只要提交最后去远程<span style="color: black;">设备</span>拿结果就行了&nbsp;*/</span>remote_task_commit();<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">此时</span>候请求发出后,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>不要在<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>等,主动让出CPU的执行权给task2运行,他不依赖这个结果</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;(remote_task_receive());
    &nbsp;&nbsp;...
    }&nbsp;
    <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task2</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;($i&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1</span>;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">5</span>;&nbsp;++$i)&nbsp;{<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"This&nbsp;is&nbsp;task&nbsp;2&nbsp;iteration&nbsp;$i.\n"</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;主动让出CPU的执行权</span>
    &nbsp;}
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>就<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了程序的执行效率。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">关于『系统调用』的实现,鸟哥<span style="color: black;">已然</span>讲得很明白,我<span style="color: black;">这儿</span><span style="color: black;">再也不</span>说明。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)协程堆栈</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">鸟哥文中还有一个协程堆栈的例子。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>上面说过了,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>在函数中使用了yield,就<span style="color: black;">不可</span>当做函数<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>你在一个协程函数中嵌套<span style="color: black;">另一</span>一个协程函数:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">&lt;?php</span>
      <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echoTimes</span><span style="color: black;">($msg,&nbsp;$max)</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;($i&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1</span>;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;$max;&nbsp;++$i)&nbsp;{
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"$msg&nbsp;iteration&nbsp;$i\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
      &nbsp;}
      }<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
      &nbsp;echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">foo</span>,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">10</span>);&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;print&nbsp;foo&nbsp;ten&nbsp;times</span>
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"---\n"</span>;
      &nbsp;echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">5</span>);&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;print&nbsp;bar&nbsp;five&nbsp;times</span>
      &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;force&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;a&nbsp;coroutine</span>
      }
      $scheduler&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>&nbsp;Scheduler;
      $scheduler-&gt;newTask(task());
      $scheduler-&gt;run();
    </span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>的echoTimes是执行不了的!<span style="color: black;">因此</span>就需要协程堆栈。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span><span style="color: black;">不碍事</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>改一改<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">刚才</span>的代码。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">把Task中的初始化<span style="color: black;">办法</span>改下,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在运行一个Task的时候,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要分析出他<span style="color: black;">包括</span>了<span style="color: black;">那些</span>子协程,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>将子协程用一个堆栈<span style="color: black;">保留</span>。(C语言学的好的<span style="color: black;">朋友</span>自然能理解<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>,<span style="color: black;">不睬</span>解的<span style="color: black;">朋友</span>我<span style="color: black;">意见</span>去<span style="color: black;">认识</span>下进程的内存模型是怎么处理函数调用)</p><span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;*&nbsp;Task&nbsp;constructor.
      &nbsp;*<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;$taskId
      &nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$coroutine
      &nbsp;*/</span>
    <span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($taskId,&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$coroutine)</span>
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskId&nbsp;=&nbsp;$taskId;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;$this-&gt;coroutine&nbsp;=&nbsp;$coroutine;</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;换成这个,<span style="color: black;">实质</span>Task-&gt;run的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>stackedCoroutine这个函数,不是$coroutine<span style="color: black;">保留</span>的闭包函数了</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;coroutine&nbsp;=&nbsp;stackedCoroutine($coroutine);&nbsp;
    }<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当Task-&gt;run()的时候,一个循环来分析:</p><span style="color: black;">/**
      &nbsp;*&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">@param</span>&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$gen
      &nbsp;*/</span>
    <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">stackedCoroutine</span><span style="color: black;">(Generator&nbsp;$gen)</span>
    </span>{
    &nbsp;$stack&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>SplStack;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">持续</span>遍历这个传进来的生成器</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;(;&nbsp;;)&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;$gen<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解为指向当前运行的协程闭包函数(生成器)</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;$value&nbsp;=&nbsp;$gen-&gt;current();&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;获取中断点,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>yield出来的值</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">if</span>&nbsp;($value&nbsp;instanceof&nbsp;Generator)&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一个生成器,这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>子协程了,把当前运行的协程入栈<span style="color: black;">保留</span></span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$stack-&gt;push($gen);
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$gen&nbsp;=&nbsp;$value;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;把子协程函数给gen,继续执行,<span style="color: black;">重视</span>接下来<span style="color: black;">便是</span>执行子协程的流程了</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">continue</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;}
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>对子协程返回的结果做了封装,下面讲</span>$isReturnValue&nbsp;=&nbsp;$value&nbsp;instanceof&nbsp;CoroutineReturnValue;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;子协程返回`$value`需要主协程帮忙处理&nbsp;</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">if</span>&nbsp;(!$gen-&gt;valid()&nbsp;||&nbsp;$isReturnValue)&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">if</span>&nbsp;($stack-&gt;isEmpty())&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是gen<span style="color: black;">已然</span>执行完毕,<span style="color: black;">或</span>遇到子协程需要返回值给主协程去处理</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$gen&nbsp;=&nbsp;$stack-&gt;pop();&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//出栈,得到之前入栈<span style="color: black;">保留</span>的主协程</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;$gen-&gt;send($isReturnValue&nbsp;?&nbsp;$value-&gt;getValue()&nbsp;:&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">NULL</span>);&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;调用主协程处理子协程的输出值</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">continue</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;}
    &nbsp;&nbsp;$gen-&gt;send(<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;$gen-&gt;key()&nbsp;=&gt;&nbsp;$value);&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;继续执行子协程</span>
    &nbsp;}
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>echoTime的结束标示:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">class</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">CoroutineReturnValue</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">protected</span>&nbsp;$value;

    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($value)</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;value&nbsp;=&nbsp;$value;
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;获取能把子协程的输出值给主协程,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>主协程的send参数</span>
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">getValue</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;value;
    &nbsp;}
    }
    <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">retval</span><span style="color: black;">($value)</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">return</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">new</span>&nbsp;CoroutineReturnValue($value);
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而后</span>修改echoTimes:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echoTimes</span><span style="color: black;">($msg,&nbsp;$max)</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;($i&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1</span>;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;$max;&nbsp;++$i)&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"$msg&nbsp;iteration&nbsp;$i\n"</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
    &nbsp;}
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;retval(<span style="color: black;">""</span>);&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">增多</span>这个<span style="color: black;">做为</span>结束标示</span>
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Task变为:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task1</span>()
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">5</span>);
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>就实现了一个协程堆栈,<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>你<span style="color: black;">能够</span>举一反三了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4)PHP7中yield from关键字</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">PHP7中<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了yield from,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>不需要自己实现携程堆栈,真实太好了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">把Task的构造函数改回去:</p><span style="color: black;">public</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($taskId,&nbsp;Generator&nbsp;$coroutine)</span>
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;taskId&nbsp;=&nbsp;$taskId;
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">$this</span>-&gt;coroutine&nbsp;=&nbsp;$coroutine;<span style="color: black;">//&nbsp;$this-&gt;coroutine&nbsp;=&nbsp;stackedCoroutine($coroutine);&nbsp;//不需要自己实现了,改回之前的</span>
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">echoTimes函数:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echoTimes</span><span style="color: black;">($msg,&nbsp;$max)</span>&nbsp;</span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">for</span>&nbsp;($i&nbsp;=&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">1</span>;&nbsp;$i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;$max;&nbsp;++$i)&nbsp;{
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">echo</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">"$msg&nbsp;iteration&nbsp;$i\n"</span>;
    &nbsp;&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
    &nbsp;}
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">task1生成器:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task1</span>()
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">from</span>&nbsp;echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">5</span>);
    }
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/212520e9354d4caa9ede50a6055453d3~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1728304721&amp;x-signature=ItDmniFJ5qwzELT7e3mPXuknoek%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">task1</span>()
    </span>{
    &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">yield</span>&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">from</span>&nbsp;echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>,&nbsp;<span style="color: black;">5</span>);
    }
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>,<span style="color: black;">容易</span>调用子协程。</p>




nqkk58 发表于 2024-10-27 10:38:36

说得好啊!我在外链论坛打滚这么多年,所谓阅人无数,就算没有见过猪走路,也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。
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