防治蔬菜“癌症”，这三大要点是要紧
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">☝</span></strong>点上面蓝字 免费订阅大棚信息！ </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">春茬、早春茬蔬菜，定植时<span style="color: black;">处在</span>低温高湿环境，长势较弱。而随着外界温度<span style="color: black;">上升</span>，棚内极易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>高温、干旱的环境状态。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论是环境<span style="color: black;">前提</span>，还是植株<span style="color: black;">自己</span><span style="color: black;">前提</span>，都营造了适宜病毒病<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">前提</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240506/684d629e8a8044d784f365ec25b194fa.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">番茄</span>病毒</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240506/a9db17c533654e1d92198cfeeb7d98c0.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">黄瓜病毒</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">病毒病被喻为蔬菜的“癌症”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">，<strong style="color: blue;">一旦<span style="color: black;">出现</span>，植株会终身带毒</strong>，大大降低蔬菜产量和品质。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>暂<span style="color: black;">没</span>彻底治愈病毒病的药剂，即<span style="color: black;">运用</span>药，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>只能让病毒暂时从显症转入隐症状态。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">想要</span>有效预防病毒病，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>植株抗逆性是最<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的，<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，菜农还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>从切断传播途径、改善环境<span style="color: black;">前提</span>入手。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">培育壮棵<span style="color: black;">加强</span>植株抗性</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">培育健壮植株是抵抗病毒病的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>。在蔬菜生长过程中，育壮棵要满足以下三个基本<span style="color: black;">前提</span>： </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">一是<span style="color: black;">保准</span>养分供应</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。从定植前的底肥到生<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>间的追肥都要施足。当幼苗缓苗后，将根系养护贯穿<span style="color: black;">全部</span>生<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>，养好了根系，养分吸收能力<span style="color: black;">加强</span>，可为叶片、果实等部位<span style="color: black;">传送</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>营养，植株<span style="color: black;">才可</span>健壮生长。植株进入开花坐果期后，养分需求量大增，除<span style="color: black;">弥补</span><span style="color: black;">海量</span>元素氮磷钾外，还要<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">弥补</span>钙、硼等中微量元素，促进开花坐果，<span style="color: black;">增多</span>果皮厚度，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>植株抗逆性。同时注重<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>有机营养，例如氨基酸、甲壳素、海藻酸等有机营养，对<span style="color: black;">加强</span>植株抗逆性<span style="color: black;">一样</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>很好的效果，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>还能活化土壤，利于根系生长。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">二是浇水要适宜</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。缓苗水不可浇<span style="color: black;">太多</span>，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>以水流到种植行的前端<span style="color: black;">就可</span>。若水量过大，容易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>土壤湿度过大，通透性差，使<span style="color: black;">刚才</span>生出的新根缺氧窒息而受伤，影响缓苗。缓苗水宜在早上浇灌，<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">此时</span>水温与地温最为接近，不会因温度变化剧烈而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>伤根。之后的促棵水浇水量与浇水时间基本与缓苗水一致，<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">协同</span>生根养根类<span style="color: black;">制品</span>，如预防根部病害的菌剂类<span style="color: black;">制品</span>，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>苗子抗逆性的甲壳素类<span style="color: black;">制品</span>等等。待植株进入花期后，可<span style="color: black;">按照</span>根植株长势及土壤干湿程度来浇水，避免植株徒长。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">三是养护好土壤</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。平时管理中<span style="color: black;">重视</span>勤划锄，操作行铺设稻壳或碎稻草等有机物，既蓄水保湿，稳定地温，又<span style="color: black;">加强</span>土壤通透性，防止人为频繁踩踏后<span style="color: black;">引起</span>土壤板结，从而为根系生长创造良好的“居住”<span style="color: black;">前提</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">调节</span>好温湿度创造<span style="color: black;">有害</span>于发病的环境</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">和夏季不同，当前<span style="color: black;">白日</span>高温时间短，<strong style="color: blue;">遮阳时间不宜过长</strong>，且<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>天气<span style="color: black;">状况</span>灵活<span style="color: black;">调节</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">降温剂遮阳、降温效果好，一旦被喷洒到棚面上，<span style="color: black;">很难</span>脱落，遇到阴天时，棚内会形成高温寡照环境，<span style="color: black;">导致</span>蔬菜徒长。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，</span><strong style="color: blue;">降温剂<span style="color: black;">运用</span>不宜过早</strong><span style="color: black;">。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而遮阳网和泥浆，操作灵活。遮阳网<span style="color: black;">能够</span>随时拉、放，用以<span style="color: black;">调节</span>棚内光照。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>生产中，遮阳网<span style="color: black;">运用</span>存在<span style="color: black;">许多</span>误区，遮阳网紧贴棚膜，既<span style="color: black;">有害</span>于热量散失又会因热传导降低棚膜<span style="color: black;">运用</span>寿命。<strong style="color: blue;">正确的<span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>是，遮阳网与棚面保持0.5-1米的距离</strong>，<span style="color: black;">保证</span>中间空气流动，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>加速棚内热量散失。菜农<span style="color: black;">运用</span>泥浆时，<span style="color: black;">重视</span>泥浆浓度要低，遇到雨天不<span style="color: black;">必须</span>遮阳时，泥浆会被冲洗掉。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">除了<span style="color: black;">运用</span>遮阳降温以外，高温来临前，<strong style="color: blue;">喷水<span style="color: black;">亦</span>能起到增施、降温的效果</strong>。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>种植越夏茬口蔬菜的棚内，安装有喷灌<span style="color: black;">设备</span>。常用滴灌、大微喷及吊喷等，既能降温，又能<span style="color: black;">增多</span>棚内的空气湿度，减少病毒病的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。喷水时<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span>补水的时间及次数，避免棚内湿度过大而<span style="color: black;">诱发</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>病害。在高温天气来临后，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>从上午9时<span style="color: black;">上下</span>，棚内温度就会接近30℃<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>更高，就<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>喷水，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>每次喷水10分钟，间隔半个小时再喷水10分钟，每次<span style="color: black;">保准</span>叶片上有水但不滴落，如此进行，一天最好不要超过4次。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">防虫网+粘虫板+喷药防好传毒害虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随着温度的<span style="color: black;">上升</span>，棚室放风时间长，风口宽度大，让外界害虫迁徙进棚的机会<span style="color: black;">增加</span>。白粉虱、蓟马等害虫既能咬食叶片<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">损伤</span>，又能传播病毒病。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，防虫工作要做全套，且全程<span style="color: black;">不可</span>放松。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240506/b8b5fa3a8bea4037b153ad750c4bb307.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">白粉虱</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q2.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240506/48fc250de17545fab519dbc5093775bc.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">蓟马</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">风口处设置防虫网。防虫网目数越多，网孔密度越大，网孔粒径越小，防虫的效果越好。<strong style="color: blue;">防虫网目数是关系到防虫性能的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>指标</strong>，在作物栽培上应依据害虫种类进行<span style="color: black;">选择</span>。大棚蔬菜重点防烟粉虱、白粉虱、蚜虫等体型小的害虫，<strong style="color: blue;">宜<span style="color: black;">选择</span>80-100目的防虫网</strong>。但防虫网目数越多，网孔密度过大，网孔粒径过小，对棚室的通风影响越大。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，大棚上设置防虫网以后，菜农应适当加大通风，<span style="color: black;">保证</span>棚内温度适宜。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粘虫板<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有黄板和蓝板两种。棚内悬挂粘虫板，既能让菜农<span style="color: black;">即时</span>发现害虫，还能确定害虫种类和基数，便于准确用药防治。粉虱、蚜虫等害虫对黄色<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>较强的趋性，蓟马<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>趋蓝色的习性。<strong style="color: blue;">菜农<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>害虫的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>种类来<span style="color: black;">选取</span>粘虫板种类，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>悬挂两种粘虫板</strong>。悬挂时，粘虫板的高度要与蔬菜幼嫩部位接近，即生长点<span style="color: black;">周边</span>。每亩悬挂足够数量的粘虫板，如25×40厘米规格的蓝色粘虫板，每亩悬挂20-25块。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">防虫用药要有<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性。<strong style="color: blue;">粉虱</strong>可<span style="color: black;">选择</span>吡虫啉混加螺虫乙酯，<span style="color: black;">或</span>用啶虫脒混加吡虫啉；<strong style="color: blue;">螨虫</strong>可用噻虫嗪+吡蚜酮+有机硅，或用溴氰菊酯+螺螨酯；<strong style="color: blue;">蓟马</strong>可用乙基多杀菌素混加吡虫啉、<span style="color: black;">或</span>溴氰菊酯+多杀菌素进行喷药防治。<span style="color: black;">意见</span>药剂交替<span style="color: black;">运用</span>，避免害虫产生抗药性。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【免责声明：<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>尊重原创，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>注重分享。版权原作者所有，如有侵犯您的权益请<span style="color: black;">即时</span>联系，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>会<span style="color: black;">第1</span>时间删除处理】</span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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