纺织防水整理剂有哪些类型?不同类型的优缺点有哪些?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>纺织品防水剂的<span style="color: black;">归类</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">纵观<span style="color: black;">全部</span>防水整理剂的发展历程,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的防水整理剂<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有以下几类:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)烷烃长链类的铝皂、石蜡/金属盐类防水整理剂。其<span style="color: black;">功效</span>方式是利用石蜡乳液和金属盐的分散液浸轧面料,经脱水、烘干、热定形后生成金属盐氧化物<span style="color: black;">或</span>氢氧化物与石蜡的混合物沉积于面料表面,实现面料防水性能。这类防水整理剂虽然<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>很好的防水效果,但<span style="color: black;">因为</span>是以石蜡<span style="color: black;">做为</span>主体疏水链段,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>本身不具备反应性基团,仅在纤维表面粘附,<span style="color: black;">没</span>结合牢度,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>经该类防水整理剂整理后的面料<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>耐洗涤效果</strong>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240403/a07da84edafb48b9af5a28922db54e07.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)有机硅类防水整理剂。该整理剂由含氢硅油、甲基硅油或羟基硅油<span style="color: black;">构成</span>,可适用于大部分合成纤维面料的防水整理。但在整理效果上,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的有机硅防水整理剂对面料材质<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>性,因而<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">不可</span>满足消费<span style="color: black;">行业</span></strong>对<span style="color: black;">各样</span>纤维纺织面料防水整理的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>需求。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q7.itc.cn/images01/20240403/d503021e73d648bdb8195eaa8250128b.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)氟碳类防水整理剂。该类整理剂的防水、防油性能取决于其碳链的长短(即氟化物含量),嵌入到碳链上的氟化物越多,碳链就越长,分子之间的稳定性就越好,防水、防油效果<span style="color: black;">亦</span>越好。<span style="color: black;">经过</span>引入新的共聚单体,在<span style="color: black;">提高</span>防水效果及耐久性的<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>逐步降低了此类防水助剂的成本,使得含氟化合物防水整理剂得到广泛应用。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240403/8981f270d88c4a8cbf28ff8637ad6ec9.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>氟碳类防水整理剂的<span style="color: black;">坏处</span>端</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">全氟辛烷磺酰基化合物(PFOS)是生产氟碳防水、防油剂的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>单体,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>使防水剂<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>很好的防水、防油性能。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>人们<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>防水面料中含有的PFOS<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>很强的迁移性,在汗水浸渍、紫外线照射等<span style="color: black;">前提</span>下会产生游离,在接触人体表层皮肤时,部分PFOS会与人体血液中的<span style="color: black;">血液</span>蛋白结合,且累积于肝器和肌肉组织中。<span style="color: black;">实验</span>证明,当动物<span style="color: black;">身体</span>PFOS含量达到 2 mg/<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>时,会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>其<span style="color: black;">患病</span>乃至死亡。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>PFOS很难被降解,<span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>采用高温处理将其破坏。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">因PFOS对人类安全和生态环境的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>严重性<span style="color: black;">导致</span>了国际社会的关注,欧盟从2008年 6 月27日起实施对PFOS的限用<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,<span style="color: black;">详细</span>限值如下:(1)化合物本身或配制品中PFOS含量应<span style="color: black;">少于</span>0.005%;(2)规定半成品中PFOS含量应<span style="color: black;">少于</span>0.1%;(3)规定纺织品或涂料中PFOS含量应<span style="color: black;">少于</span>1μg/m2,这标志着欧盟正式全面限制PFOS在<span style="color: black;">各样</span>纺织<span style="color: black;">制品</span>功能整理剂材料中<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q1.itc.cn/images01/20240403/39a8d7b4dc2149059204c73dc163a478.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">全氟辛酸(PFOA)<span style="color: black;">做为</span>疏水基碳链全氟化的含氟表面活性剂,是<span style="color: black;">做为</span>生产防水整理剂中仅次于PFOS的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>原材料,<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是用于生产氟聚合物时所不可缺少的加工助剂。相对PFOS而言,尽管PFOA的半衰期更短,但因<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>和PFOS<span style="color: black;">类似</span>的生物毒性,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>有<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性的生物累积性,<span style="color: black;">有些</span>国家在<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>其<span style="color: black;">害处</span>性后<span style="color: black;">亦</span>限制其<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">日前</span>世界各国尚<span style="color: black;">没</span>行之有效的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>来<span style="color: black;">处理</span>氟碳类防水整理剂中PFOS和PFOA可能对动物体产生致病毒性累积及影响生态环境等问题,当欧盟限制规定出台后,各国<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>继续生产氟碳长链型的C8防水整理剂,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>寻找不含PFOS和PFOA类表面活性剂的防水<span style="color: black;">制品</span>已<span style="color: black;">作为</span>助剂行业及消费者关注的重点。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>什么是<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">20世纪后期,美国、日本等国家对<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂进行了深入<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">颁布</span>了关于<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>专利。从环保、安全<span style="color: black;">方向</span>来看,只要不含氟碳树脂的防水整理剂<span style="color: black;">就可</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240403/26c5a949700943a3bb3a60c6ddff397f.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>氟系列防水整理剂不含任何的PFOS和PFOA,不会在生物<span style="color: black;">身体</span>沉积,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>容易降解,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,随着生态、环保、健康理念日益深入人心,<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一类安全环保的<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">更易</span>被消费者和市场所接受。随着对<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>的<span style="color: black;">持续</span>深入,<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水剂应用效果在<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">提高</span>,其市场需求量<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂的<span style="color: black;">坏处</span>端</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂在<span style="color: black;">运用</span>过程中<span style="color: black;">亦</span>存在<span style="color: black;">有些</span>问题:(1)<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂仅适用于面料的防水整理,而<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行三防整理的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>纺织产品仍需采用氟碳系列三防整理剂;(2)不同纤维材质的面料<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>合适的<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂,部分<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂对面料材质有匹配性<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,<span style="color: black;">意见</span>重点<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>初防水等级和耐冼涤后的效果;(3)部分结构的<span style="color: black;">没</span>氟防水整理剂在工作液温度<span style="color: black;">上升</span>及pH值变化、<span style="color: black;">长期</span>浸轧等<span style="color: black;">前提</span>下容易产生粘辊问题,生产应用时<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>。<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回首页,查看</span></a><span style="color: black;">更加多</span></p>
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