4zhvml8 发表于 2024-10-1 02:31:14

土地中间商“四国演义” 为66.9亿亩农村土地寻“主” |深度


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f0CsicczMMD6FovPH0kCZCwj0OsT6paj5xia2FJbqic8Cmx9Aep631OfBxQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
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    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">文| 记者 王方&nbsp; 采访| 王方 薛婷 王雨桐 吕三龙</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">►</span></strong></span><strong style="color: blue;">导读</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">作家冯骥才曾说,全国村庄正以<span style="color: black;">每日</span>100个的速度消失。08年以前,城市土地<span style="color: black;">能够</span>买卖,而农村不<span style="color: black;">能够</span>。农民只能承包其经营权。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">海量</span>农民外流后,空心村<span style="color: black;">显现</span>,土地荒芜。<strong style="color: blue;">此时,农户有几种<span style="color: black;">选取</span>:要么荒掉,要么友情让给亲朋好友种。</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2008年~2013年,政策解冻,“土地流转”制度<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">持续</span>健全</span>。<strong style="color: blue;">农户<span style="color: black;">能够</span>将经营权<span style="color: black;">流转给其它经营者、投资人</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">,后者<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在上面建农场,开设养老院......至去年初,配套执行<span style="color: black;">分部</span>落地,<span style="color: black;">机会</span>成熟。</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">据国土部第二次全国土地调查结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,国内农村集体土地总面积约66.9亿亩。<strong style="color: blue;">想象一下,它们若能像商品<span style="color: black;">同样</span>在市场上自由买卖,这是一笔多大的生意?</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">次年,“土流网”便顺着这<span style="color: black;">浪花</span>潮成立了。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但随后3年里,行业<span style="color: black;">处在</span>冷冻状态:伍勇同行很少,局限于1~2个,<span style="color: black;">无</span>收入模式,每年往里贴几十万。直到2012年,他探索出线下加盟制度,有了加盟收入后,才得以存活。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f0gyzH86U7yk9Jt3KkTYHNXWk2g4picRSXN0Zibdsw6GTKH3viaS4MySo2A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">◆<span style="color: black;">&nbsp; 本文所述四大主角</span></span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">他<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的同行,便来自其加盟商队伍中——聚土网创始人田靖隆。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>,还有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>新秀,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>来买地网创始人汪洋。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">去年<span style="color: black;">起始</span>,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>正用自己的<span style="color: black;">实质</span>行动,挑衅着“土流网”的模式:从信息切入交易+直营服务。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当然,伍勇的志向不在于此。<strong style="color: blue;">他说,从成立之初<span style="color: black;">起始</span>,“土流网”便是奔着土地金融去的。</strong>为此,他<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>了7年。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">看准该<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的不只他一人,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>可牛农业。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">它成立于去年7月,模式创新度高,主打供应链金融,势头凶猛。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">今年,土流<span style="color: black;">行业</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>刀光剑影的火阵,但日夜都有攻打与搏杀。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">注:</span></strong></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">土流网、聚土网、来买地、可牛农业已</span></strong></strong></span></span>确认<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">文中数据真实无误</span></strong></span></span>,铅笔道愿与<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>为内容真实性背书。</span></strong></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(一)</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">09~14年,国内土地流转<span style="color: black;">行业</span>,主角唯他一人。他在“土流”大道上,孤独地一路<span style="color: black;">步行到</span>黑。他是这么起步,以及这么活下来的。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一架K字头列车由南穿北,车上乘客多已疲惫。几位看上去像川西的农民,扛着各色蛇皮袋与燃料桶,从成都出发,前往上海浙江一带,从事房产施工行业。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>旁边,有位黑黑瘦瘦的<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人,名叫伍勇</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,西南民族大学大三学生,已在车上蹲坐15个小时。无聊,无趣,他与几位农民搭起讪来。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“你们出来后,家里的地怎么办?”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“给亲戚免费种,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>荒着,否则罚款。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇说,创业前夕(2008年),印象中<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了三件“大事儿”,以上为其中之一。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">感同身受,在他的家乡,类似的农民数<span style="color: black;">不堪</span>数,有着<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>的土地流转<span style="color: black;">需要</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f0hj6KqIn1qCdcMhfKItpVf4NdXXkgq5QCR1jsnicRCg2tGJ8ptRzgEOA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大学时候的伍勇又黑又瘦,颇有浪子之心。</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">他出生于湖南隆回一个普通乡村——岩背村。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">数年</span>以前,村民便已自发土地流转:若是亲戚,免费给你种;不是亲戚,你给我谷子,我给你地。<span style="color: black;">无</span>产权协议,全凭口头约定。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">即便是土地租赁,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是白菜价。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">伍勇家是金银花种植户,缺地。“村民报价,有的每亩几元,有的几十元。租农田<span style="color: black;">便是</span>几百,林场荒山改造地两元… …”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">很早便有村民劝他炒地。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">2008年,成都双流机场扩建跑道,当地一位开黑车的村民告诉他,去(旁边)买两亩地吧,1000元一亩,肯定被政府高价征收。伍勇没敢,最后肠子悔得乌青:1~2年后,地就征收了,价格翻了10多倍。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f0a4Rc9HJsZwaVOkc9OJVrr9GOy9michIqZqicajHmPBZvHEjBauDm2Bww/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">◆</span>当年10月,十七届三中全会上出台文件,<span style="color: black;">准许</span>农民以<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>形式转让土地承包经营权。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇觉得,土地流转有大生意可做。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">他总结了民间的几种倒地<span style="color: black;">行径</span>:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、直接找当地村长,或租地或包地。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、找经纪人倒地。“每亩百元买入,千元卖出。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">那会儿,不少经纪人<span style="color: black;">已然</span>习惯将信息发布在58同城、赶集。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">但伍勇隐约感觉,土流会和房地产行业<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,再冒出一个垂直信息平台,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>安居客。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“炒地不是我<span style="color: black;">善于</span>,但我会SEO,会运营流量。市场这么大,政策环境<span style="color: black;">亦</span>已好转,必须先下手为强。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">那就先搭一个网站吧:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">借鉴安居客模式,做一个(土地流转)信息平台。“信息需要人采集,就发展土地经纪人。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>类似网站的会员,可免费发布信息。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">网站为其带来订单,赚到钱后,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>会<span style="color: black;">持续</span>充实网站的信息数量,如此循环。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,伍勇还招聘了1~2名编辑,采集、审核其它平台(58、赶集)的信息。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f02UnBcY36yCCn2ecJJpYnzPmfdiaVZM73WqtlPZFhmATy6zbsyOcqwyQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span><span style="color: black;">◆ </span><span style="color: black;">经纪人<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>当地<span style="color: black;">把握</span>资源、人脉的“土豪”,收集、发布本地土地信息,促成交易可<span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">中间商</span>费。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2009年3月,“土流网”上线,首批流量来自两方面:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、SEO。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">凭借其SEO方面的<span style="color: black;">累积</span>,但凡用户搜索土地<span style="color: black;">关联</span>,“土流网”都会排在前面。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、<span style="color: black;">资讯</span><span style="color: black;">报告</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">。“大四学生创办土流网站”的事迹,<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>了当地<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>的关注,如成都商报、每日经济<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>、华西都市报、《农民日报》… …</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">报告</span>前,网站PV约几百;<span style="color: black;">报告</span>后,PV涨至几万。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">经纪人数量<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>自然增长(提交网站申请),<span style="color: black;">每日</span>新增信息量从几条至十几条不等。几个月后,土地交易量破50万亩。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">模式就此<span style="color: black;">连续</span>至2012年,<span style="color: black;">无</span>大变样。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇说,那个年头<span style="color: black;">无</span>风投的钱可烧,只能熬。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">虽在2009年,行业<span style="color: black;">亦</span>小热过一阵,<span style="color: black;">机构</span>很受外媒关注,FT中文网<span style="color: black;">报告</span>过他,一家英国投资<span style="color: black;">公司</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>想投他200万英镑,未成。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但终究<span style="color: black;">无</span>大热,他的团队数量维持在3~5人,同行局限在1~2个,诸如农村土地网、土地资源网。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">每年,伍勇要往里赔几十万。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">到了2012年,免费模式难以为继。“实在搞不下去了。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">提及收费,伍勇曾一度被自己的惯性思维“误导”:认为土地经纪人很苦很穷。每次回老家,他常与同村好友交流,问及收入便总是摇头,抱怨不<span style="color: black;">挣钱</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直到某天,一件小事刺激了伍勇。他与北京的经纪人聊天:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“你们去年<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>?”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“不太好,赚了一百多万(<span style="color: black;">中间商</span>费)。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇非常震惊:“他<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>1个人。”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">过去几年,自己<span style="color: black;">始终</span>苦哈哈干活,一批批经纪人却因平台发家致富。他的直观感受是,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>规范数据门槛,重点<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">挣钱</span>了。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2012年,伍勇推出独家代理制度(区域流转中心)。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">他与经纪人谈判:“既然你赚了钱,那这片地区的业务就独家包给你干,享有优先的信息展示权、审核权,但每年需向我缴纳4~5万元加盟费,在线下开门店。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f08AzJgh53YBIL98bLFoIfB4ST3Gq12qVHHYKsGYQWoCD7M7pqDNuyog/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">◆</span><span style="color: black;">当地土流信息(土地资源、客户)都会交给代理商。“<span style="color: black;">她们</span>想怎么</span></span><span style="color: black;">撮合就怎么撮合,想怎么打<span style="color: black;">tel</span>就怎么打<span style="color: black;">tel</span>,每单可获3%<span style="color: black;">中间商</span>费。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇采取“一刀切”的做法:</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>地级市(及以上)只设1个独家代理,先占先得,自负盈亏。首批开设了10~20个城市,如西安、郑州、徐州。“谁交钱,给谁做。”伍勇介绍,起初一年能收几十万,后来变成几百万。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">土流网O2O模式逐步形成:线上信息撮合+线下加盟服务。围绕着这一核心,伍勇推出了系列服务:用户不知<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">评定</span>土地价值,可<span style="color: black;">运用</span>“土地<span style="color: black;">评定</span>系统”;不<span style="color: black;">认识</span>土流行情,可查看“土地数据中心”;加盟商不懂<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>规范运营,他开设了“土流学院”……</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(二)</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">终究,伍勇在自己的加盟商队伍中,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>了竞争对手。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇说,独家代理制度推出一年后,钱收得很爽:2013年,他累计赚了100~200万。“加盟商数量50~60家,品牌1家独大,其它免费平台反而无人用。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2014年,土流网加盟商继续扩充,业务覆盖全国100多个城市。收入曾<span style="color: black;">始终</span>不景气的伍勇,却在这一年年底拿到了分红。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">某日,在长沙办公室里,一位加盟商拜访了伍勇,他的名字叫田靖隆。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>这次见面,伍勇印象已非常模糊。“形象已记不清楚,只感觉做<span style="color: black;">营销</span>很厉害。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f09z6XjNS4Nic72ibovYZLCNg8pVtglc8gU5StwpNwj8UdSj8IH35mdHQQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆ <span style="color: black;">田靖隆早年跑过医药<span style="color: black;">营销</span>、开过旅行社,还曾创办过乡村购物平台。<span style="color: black;">时期</span>(2013年),<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>农村<span style="color: black;">海量</span>土地闲置。</span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">谈及这场合作,田靖隆的回答<span style="color: black;">亦</span>非常直白:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“加盟‘土流’,目的之一是为了更好地<span style="color: black;">认识</span>竞争对手。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">田靖隆早有做平台的想法,只是在等待<span style="color: black;">机会</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">他成立了线下土地流转<span style="color: black;">机构</span>(重庆土林投资)。“成功交易几笔订单后,才<span style="color: black;">起始</span>对行业形成认识。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2013年底,他在全国四处调研,跑了20几个省份,福建、浙江、江苏、山东、河南、陕西……“自己开车去,有时轮渡。有些地种满了香蕉,有些种满了桂圆。”考察完毕,再回到自己的家乡重庆。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">田靖隆的老家<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>重庆市偏僻的乡村。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">作家冯骥才说,全国村庄正以<span style="color: black;">每日</span>100个的速度消失,而田的家乡曾是其中之一:距市区3小时车程,穷乡僻壤。大面积土地闲置,茅草近人深。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">为缓解此<span style="color: black;">情况</span>,他引导村里将部分土地流转出去</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:引入投资商,开设了农场。“村民出租土地后,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>去农场上班,<span style="color: black;">每日</span>薪水60元,每年还能拿到500~600元/亩租金。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全部</span>2014年,他完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>几十笔土地流转交易。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">业务覆盖重庆市10几个区县,赚取佣金70余万元。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">详细</span>服务流程为:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">先在当地采集信息——往各个线上平台发布(土流网、58同城、赶集网)——找到意向买家后——陪同其现场看地,<span style="color: black;">供给</span><span style="color: black;">签定</span>合同、办理交易证书等服务。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">印象中,<strong style="color: blue;">加盟“土流网”的上半年(三个月)里,仅给田带去了一个订单:</strong>重庆合川<span style="color: black;">一起</span>700多亩的林地,让他净赚20多万元。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">他认为,“土流”模式有利有<span style="color: black;">坏处</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“信息平台有社会价值,但更<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>信息撮合,加盟模式又难以为继,服务<span style="color: black;">不可</span>标准化,有的多收佣金,有的赚差价… …在流量方面,我学习<span style="color: black;">她们</span>。但交易这块,我更专业,并已摸索出其它模式。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">到了下半年11月,田将交易环节基本摸透,觉得<span style="color: black;">机会</span>成熟,便筹划成立线上流转平台——“聚土网”。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">田靖隆创业的几个月后,汪洋<span style="color: black;">亦</span>加入创业队列。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">田所述模式带来的<span style="color: black;">坏处</span>端,汪洋曾亲身经历过。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">他从军20年,<span style="color: black;">迄今</span><span style="color: black;">保存</span>着部队的习惯:<span style="color: black;">保持</span>早起与长跑,多次完成“马拉松”。如今,他跑在创业的赛道上。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz/rWT4jjkl6U2wMVa6DW4bM6hetKBic16f0tibKkgfettf8nQBVA5qTOFPrKpUJgZFjljXg1DWW8jNPcHJ8ObXG4lA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆&nbsp; </span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">汪洋<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个马拉松(全程42.195km)</span><span style="color: black;">用时5小时4分。“成绩不值一晒,但我铭记<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>艰难时刻,<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、疑虑、放弃.....</span></span><span style="color: black;">.不惧<span style="color: black;">将来</span>,不悔<span style="color: black;">选取</span>,向着<span style="color: black;">目的</span>奔跑。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2011年,一次欧洲公务考察,给他留下说不尽的印象深刻:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">牧场与乡间小路,干净如电脑开机屏幕<span style="color: black;">通常</span>,<span style="color: black;">无</span>垃圾,<span style="color: black;">无</span>污水。家家户户门口养着鲜花,当地民众发自内心地友好微笑。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">他联想起安徽老家,以及国内广大农村<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">衰破</span>场景,破旧、荒废、污染……他觉得自己应该做些事,回馈抚育自己成长的乡村、乡亲。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">他准备从筹建一个主题农庄<span style="color: black;">起始</span>练手。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“面积30~50亩,交通便利。周末能举办亲子活动,带着小孩去采摘,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>组织聚会。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">起初,他去信息平台找了几块地。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“但它们只<span style="color: black;">供给</span>信息,给一个<span style="color: black;">tel</span>号码。至于后面<span style="color: black;">出现</span>什么事,它啥<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不管。有时打100个<span style="color: black;">tel</span>,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>10个有效。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">tel</span>接通后,他下乡实地勘察。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“走在乡间,感觉很无助,去到一个陌生的环境,总是很担心。每一个环节遇到的问题,都得自己一个人<span style="color: black;">处理</span>。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">与合伙人看完昌平、怀柔区几十块地后,汪洋<span style="color: black;">选取</span>放弃。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">梳理下来,他估摸着,从找地到农场运营,<span style="color: black;">最少</span>需要半年时间。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">找地只是<span style="color: black;">第1</span>步:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">你需要自己筛选信息,经现场勘查、调研、<span style="color: black;">评定</span>等,完成交易。接下来是规划运营:是种苹果,还是种玉米?<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>需要请设计师简单地装修?是不是得找几个工人干活?如此等等。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“去农村投资,拿地只是入口。后续还有一系列痛点,产权、规划、法务、政府关系… …”<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,汪洋与田靖隆的想法同中有异:</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、土地流转<span style="color: black;">不可</span>只匹配信息,还需切入交易。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、业务范围上,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>只做“土流”,必须<span style="color: black;">供给</span>一站式服务(围绕产权交易)。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">过去两年,汪洋认识了许多去农村发展事业的“淘金者”</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">,如民宿客栈业者、养老休闲人群。</span>资本下乡的热潮正在进行,若把这比作一场淘金运动,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>为淘金者<span style="color: black;">供给</span>工具、服务是一门很好的生意。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">汪洋下定决心,<span style="color: black;">选取</span>农村产权投资交易服务<span style="color: black;">做为</span>创业方向。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(三)</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>用<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的<span style="color: black;">实质</span>行动,来“挑衅”土流网的模式。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">到了2015年,田与汪基本做好了前期准备,但模式各异。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过约1年多的摸索,<strong style="color: blue;">田靖隆近乎肯定,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>自营,<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span>交易中的<span style="color: black;">实质</span>问题。</strong>他将其归结为三类,并寻找到对应的<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、信息匹配。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">传统平台<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>二手地信息,真实度低,买家找不到合适的地。“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">为何</span>不去找一手地呢?土地所有权归村集体,承包经营权归农民。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>先找村委沟通,再下沉到村、社采集。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、农民毁约。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">原由</span>多为未<span style="color: black;">签定</span>承包合同,或合同<span style="color: black;">签定</span>不规范。“<span style="color: black;">首要</span>需要尊重<span style="color: black;">她们</span>,告诉经营者<span style="color: black;">她们</span>才是主人。<span style="color: black;">而后</span>规范签约流程,之前与农民直接签约,后改成与村集体签。如此,既能<span style="color: black;">认识</span>农民<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>,又能更好地做思想工作。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、经营者(受让方)毁约。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">日前</span>还没<span style="color: black;">出现</span>过。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>和中华联合财产保险<span style="color: black;">机构</span>合作,推出履约<span style="color: black;">保证</span>保险,待<span style="color: black;">相关</span>土地确认好权责后,<span style="color: black;">即时</span>将土地再次流转,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>农民遭受损失。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">去年4月份,“聚土网”上线</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,挂牌的土地面积约3000万亩,业务仅限重庆。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">田采取直营模式:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">直采转出方信息——(受让方)提交<span style="color: black;">需要</span>——土地经纪人<span style="color: black;">供给</span>居间服务。 “信息匹配、交易撮合、<span style="color: black;">签定</span>三方协议、权证服务……完成订单后收取权证服务费。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">自建经纪团队走通交易流程后,<strong style="color: blue;">2016年,“聚土网”<span style="color: black;">起始</span>招募乡村合伙人(另一种形式的经纪人)</strong>,后者相当于滴滴中的快车。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“聚土网”<span style="color: black;">起步</span>约5个月后,汪洋上线了“来买地网”,团队4个人,业务局限北京地区,挂牌的土地数量约1000块。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◆&nbsp;<span style="color: black;"> 来买地业务一览</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">如其理念所述,<strong style="color: blue;">他主打的是一站式服务:</strong>涵盖交易前的信息审核,交易中的法律咨询、尽职调查、交易鉴证,交易后的项目规划设计……与“聚土网”相比,“来买地”的模式有几点区别。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、线下服务人员被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“乡村联络员”。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“不只是经纪人的概念,<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span></span>会全程陪你找地,<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>当地<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,有能力,有人脉,有资源。<span style="color: black;">详细</span>职责为:搜集、整理、发布信息;陪同客户现场踏勘;协调当地关系。”汪洋说。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、一站式服务。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">交易过程中,客户若有<span style="color: black;">需要</span>,平台会帮其对接众包服务商,如律师事务所、工程顾问、规划设计。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">众包服务环节(如土地整治、农业规划等),<strong style="color: blue;">田靖隆<span style="color: black;">亦</span>曾尝试过,但不久即砍掉:</strong>8~9月推出,10月暂停。“事后反思,这属于<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>闭门造车,认为那是客户想要的,<span style="color: black;">并不</span>然。它的交易频次极低。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2个月间,田<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>客户对接了数次,但未成一单。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">一年的线下探索,让田靖隆的业务起步<span style="color: black;">火速</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">去年8月份,“聚土网”<span style="color: black;">得到</span>中路资本天使轮融资,10月<span style="color: black;">作为</span>首批入驻腾讯众创空间(重庆站)的9家企业之一。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆ </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">聚土网</span>团队</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">年底,团队扩张至48人。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“拿下了四川、重庆等样板市场,完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一共完成884单。平台挂牌的土地面积为1.42亿亩。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“来买地”则因融资未到位,线下<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(联络员)</span></strong>业务尚未全面铺开。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">去年为止,汪洋一共完成约30个订单,网站PV刚过10万。“业务以北京地区为主。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">去年,他累计见了7~8家投资<span style="color: black;">公司</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">她们</span>都有兴趣,但担心政策<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>,现行法规不<span style="color: black;">准许</span>城市人去农村购买宅基地。但实践<span style="color: black;">已然</span>远远<span style="color: black;">步行到</span>了法律前面,昌平近郊某村70%的宅基地都不是本地人住了。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">综合比较,成立7年之久的“土流网”暂时领先:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">融资额度远超同行,去年年中完成A轮融资,数额几千万元,B轮<span style="color: black;">亦</span>接近尾声(近期<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>)。<span style="color: black;">截止</span>去年底,累计促成的土地交易量9000多万亩,全国的加盟数量约156家。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>伍勇而言,流转业务<span style="color: black;">已然</span>趋于稳定,花费的精力很少,只是略作<span style="color: black;">调节</span>:完善了加盟商淘汰机制,加盟<span style="color: black;">途径</span>由地级市下沉至区县……</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(四)</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>是奔着金融去的。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇的城府很深,放了一条长线,<strong style="color: blue;">土流网刚上线时(2009年)他便认定,自己的最末一站是金融。</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那年,财经作家叶檀的一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>更坚定了他的想法,以至于今,他仍能完整地复述其标题——《<span style="color: black;">将来</span>中国财富的增长契机在人民币国际化与农地流转》。文中<span style="color: black;">说到</span>,农村土地货币化已现曙光。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◆ <span style="color: black;">7年过去,这篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>依然静静躺在叶檀的个人博客里。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2014年5~6月,盛大资本来到“土流网”。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">会议室里,伍勇挥笔划出自己的想法:我的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>是土地资产化,做土地流转是为了做土地金融。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">盛大资本认可,说想法和<span style="color: black;">她们</span>老板<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“陈天桥与<span style="color: black;">她们</span>开会时,曾透露自己<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在关注这个市场。”当即双方签下协议。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">城市土地<span style="color: black;">能够</span>自由买卖,<strong style="color: blue;">但农村不行,土地难以<span style="color: black;">作为</span>(贷款)抵押物。</strong>伍勇<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>有一天,农村的土地能像古代地契<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,可凭它<span style="color: black;">得到</span>抵押贷款。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">盯上土地金融的,还有可牛农业:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">它的诞生,即是便奔着金融而去。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">它在等待<span style="color: black;">机会</span>。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“2013年政策便下来了,但<span style="color: black;">无</span>配套<span style="color: black;">分部</span>执行。你要把土地过户或抵押给可牛,<span style="color: black;">无</span>政府<span style="color: black;">分部</span>对接。”联合创始人</span><span style="color: black;">杨堃说。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">◆</span>2013年的“中央一号”文件,进一步<span style="color: black;">知道</span>土地确权和土地流转精神。这<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着,耕地经营权归得到<span style="color: black;">知道</span>和认可。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在他看来,<span style="color: black;">机会</span>成熟是在去年年初。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">杨堃是黑龙江泰来人,曾<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>待在东北。那时约50%的县区<span style="color: black;">持续</span>成立了经管站,专门受理耕地流转、登记业务,如克山、黑河……让耕地经营权流转、变更、抵押手续更规范。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">机缘巧合,杨堃与伍勇起步时间完全一致——去年7月。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇<span style="color: black;">选取</span>在湖南常德(汉寿和澧县)、新疆昌吉试点。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“湖南的金融环境最为<span style="color: black;">卑劣</span>,要做就先从最困难的<span style="color: black;">地区</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">常德的土地肥沃,不少种粮大户缺乏资金,额度约几十万元。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“全信用贷款能拿到约5万元,联保贷约10万元。中间的缝隙不小。”昌吉则境况与东北<span style="color: black;">类似</span>,地广人稀,多有种棉大户,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有类似贷款<span style="color: black;">需要</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而杨堃的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>就在东北。<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>的耕地规模化经营走在前列,种植面积常几百上万亩,各类机械成本一次性投入<span style="color: black;">很强</span>,播种机、插秧机、收割机……</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆ </span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">杨堃说,东北的农村很干净,有些家境殷实,庭院里停着身价千万的农机设备,小车几十万上百万不等,霸道、路虎......</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">起初,“可牛”“与“土流”的模式相近,均为土地经营权抵押贷款:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">一端连接金融<span style="color: black;">公司</span>,一端连接农户。农户将土地经营权抵押给银行,而后<span style="color: black;">得到</span>贷款,抵押物价值越高(由土流、可牛<span style="color: black;">评定</span>),<span style="color: black;">得到</span>的贷款额度就越大。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">可牛自己做风控,范围涵盖三个方面:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">1、还款能力。<span style="color: black;">评定</span>借款人经营面积、种植收入、抵押土地价值等。2、还款意愿。<span style="color: black;">评定</span>农户、合作社种植能力和<span style="color: black;">连续</span>经营意愿、个人信用珍视度。3、个人信用。<span style="color: black;">评定</span>借款人在当地的口碑、民间信用、央行征信等。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">而“土流”则是三方<span style="color: black;">评定</span>。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、银行做征信调查,<span style="color: black;">认识</span>企业经营<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。2、“土流网”<span style="color: black;">认识</span>土地污染<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,<span style="color: black;">评定</span>土地价值。3、保险<span style="color: black;">机构</span>做征信调查,流程与银行类似。</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">与可牛相比,土流网有着更天然的变现<span style="color: black;">优良</span>:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">若农户<span style="color: black;">没法</span>还款,土流网可接受银行、保险<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">拜托</span>,以6折价将土地流转出去,租金用以赔付银行、保险<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。过程中,土流收取不良资产处置费。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">这条路(抵押贷款),可牛只走了三个月,累计放出30~40笔。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“贷款面向种粮大户和合作社,土地面积100亩以上,平均在3000亩<span style="color: black;">上下</span>,平台赚取服务费。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>资金端(出借方)以7%的利率<span style="color: black;">供给</span>资金,加上1~3%的服务费后,对接给借款人。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆ </span> <span style="color: black;">可牛农业联合创始人<span style="color: black;">杨堃</span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">可牛<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,服务的客户类别太多</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,经营规模和借款额度、期限差异很大。“贷款额度或大或小,从十几万到几百万,期限或长或短,短则4~5个月,长则24个月。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">必须识别出<span style="color: black;">优秀</span>客户,服务适度规模化经营的农户、合作社,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>深度绑定。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">否则可能面临几个问题:1、客户群专注度不够,将更易产生逾期坏账;2、<span style="color: black;">区别</span>客群的利率<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>程度<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span>双赢,难以<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>合作。3、额度过小、客户分散,贷后管理难度和成本过高。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“可牛”优化了模式,将自己定位为农业供应链金融:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">不仅向规模化农户、合作社贷款,还为其对接上下游供应商。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大致流程为:可牛<span style="color: black;">研发</span>上下游供应商库——借款客户提出采购<span style="color: black;">需要</span>——筛选合作<span style="color: black;">公司</span>——达成交易。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">如此可<span style="color: black;">得到</span>供应商返点,收入多元化,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>降低了借款客户的综合成本。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">以农户购买化肥为例,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>集采拿到9折价,5%返给可牛,剩余5%<span style="color: black;">补助</span>借款用户。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">农资<span style="color: black;">制品</span>等毛利高,足够支撑起该模式。“化肥经过层层代理加价约40~50%,种子、农药更高。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">伍勇不看好供应链金融模式。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“相当辛苦,贷前调查、贷后管理成本高,风控规模难做大,不是所有<span style="color: black;">地区</span>都和东北<span style="color: black;">同样</span>(统一收粮)。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆&nbsp; </span><span style="color: black;">农村金融的几种形式</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">他<span style="color: black;">保持</span>土地抵押贷款,认为能让<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>人受益。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">因受制于政策,总体推进较慢。</span>去年一共贷出几千万元,在常德设了两个网点,新疆业务<span style="color: black;">亦</span>未规模化。贷款额度小,周期短。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>在变现环节,有些<span style="color: black;">地区</span>抵押权是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>法院实现,有些是通过统计局……他<span style="color: black;">亦</span>正在<span style="color: black;">研发</span>保险<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,为银行增信,但又需过保监会。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“可牛”正在筹备今年的农耕季,此前几个月,<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>地是在蓄客:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">先做前期资料收集和风控审核。“2月底已<span style="color: black;">持续</span>新一年放款。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">杨堃介绍,平台已<span style="color: black;">累积</span>500~600个客户(大型农户、土地合作社),放款超过4000万元,抵押土地约60万亩/年,覆盖经营面积约30万亩。业务覆盖4个核心农业地区,<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>地区设1个运营中心,负责贷前贷后管理、上下游<span style="color: black;">公司</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>(农机、农资等)。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(五)</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">末了,谈谈<span style="color: black;">她们</span>今年的土地梦。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">金融暂时不是聚土网的下一站。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>金融基因,它只是辅助业务,能<span style="color: black;">加强</span>土地流转效率。”田靖隆说。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">这个结论,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是他试错而来。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">在土流网进军金融之前(2014年),他曾在线下尝试过土地抵押贷,但面向的贷款者不是农户(转出方),而是经营者(受让方):后者付完土地租金后,常常<span style="color: black;">无</span>了项目<span style="color: black;">起步</span>资金。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">业务于去年10月份停掉,“<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了坏账”。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">田靖隆说,风控难度大,农村土地交易不如房产活跃,资产<span style="color: black;">评定</span>有<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>,坏账<span style="color: black;">显现</span>时处置变现困难。接下来,田尝试与第三方合作,向经营者<span style="color: black;">供给</span>信用贷款,形式如租金分期。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆</span><span style="color: black;">“聚土网”与客户在<span style="color: black;">一块</span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">田的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>精力还是土地流转业务:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">今年,他大力推广农村合伙人制度,计划发展6000多名乡村合伙人,并在华东、华中、华北地区设立运营中心。创业<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,平台累计成交土地563万亩,其中自有经纪人成交超93万亩,重庆地区的交易量为136万亩。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>“来买地”而言,金融<span style="color: black;">亦</span>只是增值服务中的一种。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">张占录,来买地网高级顾问,中国人民大学土地管理系教授、博导。自1985年大学毕业后,他<span style="color: black;">始终</span>从事国内土地制度<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,现已有30余年。他说,用土地流转平台做金融,短期内难见成效。“现有农业金融体制<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>突破。”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆ <span style="color: black;">汪洋与团队其乐融融。</span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">上线4个月<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,“来买地”已有约100名乡村联络员(北京地区),整合的外包服务商数量约24家,累计完成约30个订单,成交标的金额8.2亿元。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">可牛对农村供应链金融无限憧憬,在等待其<span style="color: black;">第1</span>波业务小高潮。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">第1</span>波放款会在今年6月前结束。8~10月份之间再有一个小高峰。农户会购买下一轮秋收的农机具。”杨堃说,今年10月份之前,还将在吉林、内蒙古再开两个试点运营中心。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">◆</span> <span style="color: black;">可牛线下运营中心</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">快鱼吃慢鱼,都在急行军,而伍勇却放慢了节奏:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">去年,土流网的收入<span style="color: black;">无</span>增长,反而降了几十万元。精力的分散,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>独家代理制度<span style="color: black;">发展</span>缓慢。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“做别的去了,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是金融试点,结果突破又难。”他觉得,去年的金融试错谈不上成绩,但会有试点<span style="color: black;">制品</span>(3月20日)推出。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>,土流网成绩比去年底略增</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,累计促成的土地交易量为9200多万亩,全国加盟商数量约157多个。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">◆ <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">已经是</span>“大叔”模样的伍勇</span></span> </span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在土流行业,伍勇熬了7年,从沙漠<span style="color: black;">步行到</span>绿洲,但丝毫看不出倦气。曾经的大三少年已成“大叔”模样,土流网的<span style="color: black;">按照</span>地<span style="color: black;">亦</span>向各处延展。北京望京SOHO,他的新办公室空空荡荡,崭新的工位整装待发。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">他曾<span style="color: black;">这般</span>描述自己与土流网。“7年前,土地流转市场空白如荒漠。7年后,初心累足成步,信念生根。时光如流沙,唯有梦想,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>移!”</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">3月底有场“农村土地流转”沙龙&nbsp; 快来参与!</strong></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">农村66.9亿亩集体土地面积,尚未<span style="color: black;">显现</span>一家巨兽级“土地<span style="color: black;">中间商</span>”,如我爱我家、链家、安居客等。<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>恐怕是时候了。</span></p><span style="color: black;">不久后,<strong style="color: blue;">你<span style="color: black;">能够</span>像在城市里租房<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,去农村租块地</strong>
      <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">,盖个农场,建个养老院… …</p><span style="color: black;">全部</span>链条中,交易前有找信息<span style="color: black;">需要</span>,交易中有律师、产权、金融<span style="color: black;">需要</span>,交易后有项目规划、雇佣工人<span style="color: black;">等</span><span style="color: black;">需要</span>。<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>链条都是商机。</strong>3月底,铅笔道将在北京举办“农村土地流转”沙龙(时间地点稍后<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>),邀请一线的创业者、投资人前来探讨分享,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你有兴趣,<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">请点击阅读原文报名吧!</span></strong>
    </span>




wrjc1hod 发表于 2024-10-15 09:20:30

你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,期待更多交流。

j8typz 发表于 2024-11-1 04:27:02

哈哈、笑死我了、太搞笑了吧等。
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