成都博仕胃肠病医院科普：肛门指检—简简单单查出大问题！
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠癌令人闻之色变!低位直肠癌可能<span style="color: black;">必须</span>终生永久性造口，但直肠癌<span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>一种简单的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>方式<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>直肠指检，又叫肛门指检。而<span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人拒绝肛门指检。中国的肠癌发病<span style="color: black;">状况</span>与西方相比，最大的特点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>75%的肠癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在直肠，而其中又有2/3是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>简单而有效的指检<span style="color: black;">能够</span>触及的。今天，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就来聊一聊肛门指检的<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>细节。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/images01/20240415/2a1a0777008c4673a7c7b649d65e520c.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>：包图网</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">什么是直肠指检</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>介绍到，直肠指检是一种筛查手段，操作简单，大致<span style="color: black;">能够</span>确定距肛缘7～10cm的肛门、直肠有<span style="color: black;">没</span>病变和病变的性质。直肠指检<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤、炎症以及<span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">损害</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，在每年的健康体检中都应该进行直肠指检。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/images01/20240415/9341219220e5440cbcd6b70817712f99.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>：包图网</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>查出<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">01、<strong style="color: blue;">直肠指检是一种简便有效的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肛管直肠癌、直肠息肉的筛查<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中国的肠癌发病<span style="color: black;">状况</span>与西方相比，最大的特点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>75%的肠癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在直肠，而其中又有2/3可经指检触及。肠癌大都<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>良性的腺瘤恶变发展来的，腺瘤恶变大概<span style="color: black;">必须</span>3～8年的时间。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>指出的是：我国低位直肠癌的比例很高，大部分都能在直肠指检触到，但位置高的不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>触到。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>触不到的不<span style="color: black;">必定</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>直肠癌，还要到有<span style="color: black;">前提</span>的医院做进一步的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">02、<strong style="color: blue;">痔疮</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>指检，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>血栓性痔疮，<span style="color: black;">协同</span>肛门镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，可看到痔内膜充血<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，判断有误内痔<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>便血诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">03、<strong style="color: blue;">肛瘘</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肛门指检可触及由外口通向肛门的皮下索状物，有时可在齿状线<span style="color: black;">周边</span>摸到小凹陷或硬结，有轻度压痛，此处多为肛瘘的内口。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">04、<strong style="color: blue;">肛乳头瘤</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可摸到质地中等而可推动的、长蒂肿物，指套干净，有经验的肛肠外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>可鉴别。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">05、<strong style="color: blue;">直肠<span style="color: black;">损害</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>外伤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>骨盆骨折病人，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>直肠破损或穿孔，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>直肠指诊可判断直肠有<span style="color: black;">没</span>破口。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">06、<strong style="color: blue;">肛周脓肿</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指检可触及坐骨直肠间隙所形成脓腔，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>粘膜下脓肿的诊断<span style="color: black;">亦</span>非常<span style="color: black;">重要</span>，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>可感到有波动感。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">07、<strong style="color: blue;">直肠脱垂</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指检可触及套叠的直肠粘膜，触及到两层肠壁折叠和环形皱襞，可感受肛门括约肌张力，可<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>一部分出口梗阻型便秘的诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">08、<strong style="color: blue;">肛裂及感染</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指检时剧烈触痛者多见于肛裂。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">09、<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>盆腔脏器<span style="color: black;">状况</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">如前列腺增生、前列腺癌、子宫肌瘤。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">// 即使<span style="color: black;">无</span>症状，在例行的健康体检<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不可放弃肛门指检这个项目。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/images01/20240415/b58ef383631e48ffa1d6f16c95520a0f.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>：包图网</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>做直肠指检?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、排便习惯改变：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">如<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>诱因<span style="color: black;">显现</span>大便次数<span style="color: black;">增加</span>、便秘与腹泻交替、排便不尽感、大便变细或变形等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、大便性状改变：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大便变稀、大便带血和黏液。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、肛门<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>于肛裂、肛周脓肿，肛周脓肿应<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>并及早切开排脓，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的抗感染<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗是<span style="color: black;">没</span>效的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、肛门流脓、流液：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可能是肛瘘的症状，指检能<span style="color: black;">知道</span>诊断。肛瘘<span style="color: black;">不可</span>自愈，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5、痔疮：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现为便血和肿块脱出，临床上极易与直肠癌混淆，肛门指检多能作出鉴别。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6、便血：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">80%~90%的直肠癌可有便血，血液呈鲜红或暗红色，常混有粘液或脓液，痔疮的便血多为鲜红色，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是便秘、大便干结时会加重。<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">责任编辑：网友投稿</span></p>
“NB”（牛×的缩写，表示叹为观止） 对于这个问题，我有不同的看法... 期待你更多的精彩评论，一起交流学习。 楼主的文章深得我心，表示由衷的感谢！
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