吃点“苦”更宜夏，教你苦瓜的多种养生搭配办法
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">中医自古有“食苦度夏”的养生观点，<span style="color: black;">并不</span>仅仅是夏天，一年四季都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>适当吃些苦味<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。因苦入心经而降泄心火，心火去而神自安，对延年益寿大有益处。今天要和<span style="color: black;">大众</span>介绍的正是夏季正当食的苦瓜。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜又被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“凉瓜”“癞葡萄”“锦荔枝”“君子菜”等，粤港澳大湾区一带又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为“半生瓜”，意指需要半生<span style="color: black;">才可</span>参透其苦味，才会爱吃此瓜。苦瓜原产于热带、亚热带和温带地区，在我国的种植和栽培<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>600<span style="color: black;">数年</span>历史，明代以前的医书<span style="color: black;">无</span>记载苦瓜。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TeZfH3u8uZy5kT~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1726242897&x-signature=M1hPBrXFRai%2BP3qVNKSe1iee0Kg%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜虽然<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>特殊的苦味，但却仍然受到<span style="color: black;">公众</span>的<span style="color: black;">喜欢</span>，这不单纯是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它的口味特殊，还<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>一种特殊的“品格”。苦瓜其味虽苦，但却从不把苦味传给它物，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>用苦瓜炒肉，肉是绝不会沾及苦味的，所以苦瓜才有“君子菜”的雅<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>。</span></p><span style="color: black;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">苦瓜食用最早记载于明代的《救荒本草》：“救饥采锦荔枝黄熟者食瓤”。</p>
</span><span style="color: black;">明代兰茂所著的《滇南本草》收载苦瓜始作药用，谓其“治丹火毒气，疗恶疮结毒，或遍身已成芝麻疔疮疼难忍。泻六经实火，清暑，益气，止渴。”</span><span style="color: black;">《本草纲目》记载：“苦瓜原出南番，今闽，广皆种之。五月下子、生苗引蔓，茎叶卷须，并如葡萄而小。七八月开小黄花，五瓣如碗形。结瓜长者四五寸，短者二三寸，青皮，皮上痱痂及荔枝壳状，熟则黄色自裂，内有红瓤裹子，瓤味甘可食，其子形扁如瓜子，<span style="color: black;">也</span>有痱痂。南人以青皮煮肉及盐酱充疏，苦涩有青气。”</span><span style="color: black;">《随息居<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>谱》<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>苦瓜：青则涤热，明目清心。熟则养血滋肝，润脾补肾。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜的功效</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">中医认为，苦瓜味苦性寒，入心、脾、胃、肝经，<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>消暑清热、清肝明目、解毒、健胃的功效。主用于热病烦渴引饮、中暑、痢疾、赤眼<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、痈肿丹毒、恶疮等证。</span><span style="color: black;">内服<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用干苦瓜片水煎，或是鲜品榨汁<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>；外用则可取适量鲜品捣敷。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">现代<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>，苦瓜营养丰富，含蛋白质、粗纤维、多种氨基酸、维生素、矿物质等多种<span style="color: black;">成份</span>，<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>清热、利尿、解毒、消炎、降血糖、降血脂、抗肿瘤等<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">苦瓜是药食同源的植物，有多种保健功能，且价格<span style="color: black;">优惠</span>，<span style="color: black;">源自</span>广泛。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，苦瓜全株（根、茎、叶、花、籽）均可入药，故有“药用蔬菜”之美<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TeZfH4u84jKHbc~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1726242897&x-signature=UcTo9w%2Bxc6LiQqtrEK90oQVfpLk%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜的食用</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜的吃法多种多样，荤素搭配均可。除了炒食外，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>凉拌、焖食、煮食，还可加工成泡菜、腌菜，或脱水加工成苦瓜干。初食者大多不<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>苦瓜的苦味，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>将切好的瓜片放入开水锅中焯一下，或放在无油的热锅中干煸<span style="color: black;">稍许</span>，或用盐腌一下，<span style="color: black;">就可</span>减去一部分苦味而风味犹存。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">清炒苦瓜</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜洗净、去瓤、切丝；锅放油，烧热后放入苦瓜、葱姜、适量食盐，炒至熟透<span style="color: black;">就可</span>食用。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">凉拌苦瓜</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜洗净、去瓤、切薄片，焯水后放入适量的食盐、生抽、香油、芝麻花生碎等，搅拌均匀<span style="color: black;">就可</span>食用。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">苦瓜粥</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜150克，大米100克，调味品适量。将苦瓜洗净、切丝，入沸水中氽<span style="color: black;">稍许</span>备用。大米淘净，加清水适量煮粥，待熟时调入苦瓜、食盐等调味品，煮至粥熟即成。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可清热祛暑、解毒消肿。适用于中暑、暑热烦渴、痈肿疮疖、热毒痢疾等。</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">苦瓜茶叶饮</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">鲜苦瓜、茶叶、蜂蜜各适量。苦瓜截断去瓤，纳入茶叶，对合后悬挂通风处阴干，每取3-5克，沸水冲泡，加蜂蜜适量，代茶频饮。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可清热解暑，适用于暑热症。</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">苦瓜花茶</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜花、茶叶各10克，放入杯中，冲入沸水适量，浸泡5-10分钟后饮服，每日1剂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可疏肝和胃、理气止痛，适用于脘腹胀痛、胃脘不适等。</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">羊肾苦瓜粥</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">羊肾1个，羊肉、苦瓜各100克，枸杞子30克，大米50克，调味品适量。将羊肾去筋膜，洗净切丝；羊肉洗净切碎。苦瓜、枸杞水煎取汁，加大米、羊肾、羊肉一同煮粥，待熟时调味服食，每日1剂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可滋阴降火、平肝潜阳，适用于阴虚火旺<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的阳痿、遗精，或欲念一动即遗精等。</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">苦瓜子粥</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜子10克，大米100克，调味品适量。将苦瓜子择净，加清水适量，浸泡5-10分钟后，水煎取汁，加大米煮粥服食，每日1剂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可益气壮阳，适用于肾虚阳痿、早泄、遗精等。</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">苦瓜塞肉</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TeZfH5R8zRCwQw~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1726242897&x-signature=aAlmVYveqflXFCSwjCqhedA3e3E%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜200克，猪瘦肉150克，调味品适量。将苦瓜洗净，切段去籽；猪肉洗净、剁碎，加鸡蛋、酱油、食盐、葱花、生姜等拌匀，塞入苦瓜中，置油锅中煎熟食用。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可清热利温，适用于湿热下注、小便短黄、精液黏稠量少无精或少精、泌尿系感染、苦夏（即<span style="color: black;">因为</span>气温<span style="color: black;">上升</span>，<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胃口下降不思<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>等多种症状）等。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜应用</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、感冒、流感</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">风寒型用苦瓜1条（去瓤和籽），生姜3片，共蒸熟<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>，每日2次，食后盖被发汗。风热型只取苦瓜瓤适量，加水煮食或苦瓜干15克，连须葱白10克，生姜6克，水煎取汁服，每日2次。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、中暑、热病烦渴</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜中含有味道极苦的金鸡纳霜，能<span style="color: black;">控制</span>过度兴奋的体温中枢，起到退热<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p><span style="color: black;">可用青苦瓜水煎或泡制成凉茶饮服；<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>苦瓜1个（去瓤和籽、切片），水煎取汁顿服，每日1～2次。<span style="color: black;">或</span>用苦瓜适量，去瓤和籽，加瘦肉煮成苦瓜汤服食；或苦瓜适量，去瓤和籽，加粳米、糖煮成苦瓜粥食用。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、胃痛、吐泻、食欲不振</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜中的苦瓜苷和苦味素能增<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>欲、健脾开胃，治疗胃痛、吐泻、食欲低下等。可将苦瓜焙干，研为细末，开水冲服。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、湿热痢疾</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">鲜苦瓜200克捣烂、绞汁，开水冲服，可加白糖少许。每日2次，连续1～2周。或鲜苦瓜花10～20个，捣烂取汁，和蜜适量口服。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、肝阳上亢、高血压</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜、芹菜各150克，芝麻酱、蒜泥各适量。苦瓜去皮、取瓤、切成细丝，用开水烫一下，再用凉开水过一遍，沥掉水分；<span style="color: black;">而后</span>加入芹菜、佐料拌匀服食。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6、肝火上炎、目赤肿痛</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">鲜苦瓜捣汁饮或苦瓜干煎汤服；或苦瓜干15克，菊花10克，水煎取汁服；或苦瓜焙干、研末，另取灯心草煎汤送服；或鲜苦瓜500克，洗净、切片，加水煮10分钟<span style="color: black;">上下</span>至瓜熟，吃瓜喝汤。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">7、高血糖</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>苦瓜汁含有苦瓜苷和类似胰岛素的多肽类物质，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>2型糖尿病有良好的防治<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，能降低血糖，被誉为“天然的胰岛素”，是糖尿病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的理想食品。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>吃的时候<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不要焯烫去苦，以保持其治病<span style="color: black;">成份</span>。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TeZfH5tTVR0jm~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1726242897&x-signature=ovRthhM4qzI%2FmssvZ2otpkm0MmM%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">8、<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">苦瓜素是“脂肪的杀手”，<span style="color: black;">不仅</span>能从细胞里摄取多余脂肪，还能使多糖减少40%～ 60%，起到<span style="color: black;">有效</span>减肥的效果。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">9、肝胆湿热、耳窍胀痛</span></strong><span style="color: black;">生苦瓜3条（洗净、捣烂如泥），白糖60克。拌匀，2小时后将水汁挤出，一次性凉服。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">十、</span>阳痿</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜籽300克（炒熟研末），每次黄酒送服10克，每日3次，连续2～3个月。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">11、肤色暗沉</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜能润肤美白，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在暑热和燥热的夏秋季节，敷上凉爽的苦瓜片，能舒缓肌肤的疲劳。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">12、青春痘、面部红疹</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜1条，水煮，待水温热时敷洗面部，每次15～20分钟，早晚各1次；若病情严重，可加入豇豆（长豆角）100克<span style="color: black;">或</span>樟树叶50克共煮。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">13、痱子</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜适量，煮水擦洗皮肤，可清热止痒、消除痱子。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">14、疖肿、恶疮、丹毒</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜1条（连瓤）或苦瓜的茎、叶适量，捣烂敷患部，每日1～2次。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">15、湿疹、皮炎、毒蛇咬伤</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜的茎、叶适量，捣烂敷患部。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">16、烫伤</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">苦瓜捣烂，适量，涂敷患处，每日2次。苦瓜的茎、叶适量，捣烂外敷局部。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">17、骨质疏松</span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">经常吃苦瓜炒鸡蛋，能促进铁质吸收，<span style="color: black;">守护</span>骨骼、牙齿。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-tjoges91tu/TeZfH6N4jDymgB~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1726242897&x-signature=QTXp2255jkgHkYwrmDVguJ49Zh0%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">苦瓜食用<span style="color: black;">重视</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是，以下几类人慎食：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span><strong style="color: blue;">孕妇、脾胃虚寒者或大便溏稀者慎用。</strong>《滇南本草》中写道，“脾胃虚寒者，食之令人吐泻腹痛。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">其次，<strong style="color: blue;">骨病食苦不宜多</strong>。中医认为，苦属阴，骨<span style="color: black;">亦</span>属阴，气同则入，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>苦走骨，<strong style="color: blue;">骨得苦则阴更盛，表现为骨重而行动<span style="color: black;">不方便</span></strong>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，骨病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>不宜<span style="color: black;">太多</span>食苦。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">最后，<strong style="color: blue;">阴虚体质人群<span style="color: black;">不该</span>吃苦</strong>。苦味之品容易化燥伤阴，<span style="color: black;">损害</span>人体的阴液，<strong style="color: blue;">老年人<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>平素有形体消瘦、手足心热、午后低热、夜间盗汗等阴虚体质的表现</strong>，要避免<span style="color: black;">太多</span>食用清苦降火之品。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当然，普通人吃苦瓜<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要适量，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>寒凉伤及脾胃。针对苦瓜的药用，则应在辨证论治的医嘱下<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。<span style="color: black;">■</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：综合整理自佛山市中医院、悦读中医、<span style="color: black;">广州医科大学<span style="color: black;">附庸</span>中医医院</span>】</span></p>
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“BS”（鄙视的缩写） 说得好啊！我在外链论坛打滚这么多年，所谓阅人无数，就算没有见过猪走路，也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。
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