广州甲状腺科排名:4a类甲状腺结节是癌吗?4个办法判断结节良恶性
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>甲状腺结节在超声上的表现,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>把所有的甲状腺结节分为零类到六类共七个等级,其中的四类又分为4a、4b、4c三个等级。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些等级从低到高,<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着恶性<span style="color: black;">危害</span>的从低到高。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在临床工作<span style="color: black;">其中</span>,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>认为4a以上的结节<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">尤其</span>的<span style="color: black;">注意</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">01</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4个<span style="color: black;">办法</span>判断结节的良恶性</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、凭手感</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">用手触摸结节,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>结节表面比较光滑,质地柔软,活动度好,能随时吞咽上下活动,那就良性的可能性比<span style="color: black;">很强</span>。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>结节摸起来质地硬,表面<span style="color: black;">不但</span>滑,与<span style="color: black;">周边</span>组织有粘连,活动度差,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>恶性的可能。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、看结节的变化</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">定时</span>随访观察结节的<span style="color: black;">体积</span>以及生长速度,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>关注结节生长的时间比较长,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>5年、10年,且生长速度缓慢,没什么大变化,基本是哪个<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>为良性的病变。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>结节在<span style="color: black;">短期</span>内<span style="color: black;">显现</span>并快速生长,结节有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的恶性特征,要尽早<span style="color: black;">看病</span>,<span style="color: black;">知道</span>诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、看症状</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">良性的甲状腺结节<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>膨胀性生长,可能会对<span style="color: black;">周边</span>组织产生压迫,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>吞咽困难、憋气等症状。而恶性的结节,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>甲状腺癌,呈浸润性增长,会侵袭和破坏<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的组织,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>侵犯气管、食道等,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>颈部淋巴结转移。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4、看<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>有高危<span style="color: black;">原因</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">身患</span>甲状腺结节,<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>自己有<span style="color: black;">无</span>甲状腺癌的高危<span style="color: black;">原因</span>,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>有甲状腺癌家族遗传史,有头部放射性照射或放射性接触史,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>甲状腺结节时年龄太小(<span style="color: black;">少于</span>14岁)<span style="color: black;">或</span>过大(<span style="color: black;">例如</span>超过70岁)等,尽快<span style="color: black;">检测</span>治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">02</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">查出4a类结节应该怎么办?</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>确定是恶性的,<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>会<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>接受开刀手术。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>病变<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>全切<span style="color: black;">或</span>半切,全切术后接受碘-131治疗、TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>治疗,消灭<span style="color: black;">身体</span>所有残留的甲状腺细胞避免复发,半切在甲状腺功能<span style="color: black;">损害</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>外源性激素<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>结节<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>转移,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>微波消融治疗的方式“烫”死结节。保住甲状腺及其功能。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>了淋巴转移,就<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>适宜甲状腺微波消融治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">03</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>降低甲状腺结节癌变<span style="color: black;">危害</span>?</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>多食用含有硒元素的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。硒元素是<span style="color: black;">守护</span>甲状腺的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>微量元素。有抗炎、抗癌的功效。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中国营养学会<span style="color: black;">意见</span>,成人<span style="color: black;">每日</span>硒元素摄入量为60微克。100g大麦+200克海鱼+45克牡蛎就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>补足一天的硒元素摄入量。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>硒元素的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>摄入维生素E,能<span style="color: black;">加强</span>清除自由基的能力。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>缺硒严重,尅用<span style="color: black;">药品</span>补硒,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>药在<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">指点</span>下<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>。硒摄入<span style="color: black;">太多</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">欠好</span>,容易<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>硒中毒,每日摄入量不要超过200微克</p>
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