5千米,你能跑多快?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/ec05ef7858624cbe85510cc26cdba5c8.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">距离7月26日巴黎奥运会开幕近在咫尺,世界顶级田径运动员的竞技状态在“奥运会年”表现的越来越出色。近期,女子跳高、女子400米栏、女子1500米等世界纪录纷纷告破,男子800米、男子1500米等项目的整体水平<span style="color: black;">亦</span>达到近几年最高。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>,2020东京奥运会男子5000米冠军,现男子5000米、10000米世界纪录保持者切普特盖<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>,巴黎奥运会之后,他将全面转项马拉松。去年,<span style="color: black;">切普特盖</span>在瓦伦西亚以2:08:59的成绩完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>首马,虽然并<span style="color: black;">无</span>跑出<span style="color: black;">大众</span>期望的好成绩,但丝毫不影响世界纪录保持者<span style="color: black;">针对</span>转战马拉松赛道的决心。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">众所周知,国内外精英马拉松运动员在青年训练时期或运动生涯<span style="color: black;">初期</span>,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>都有场地赛中长跑项目的训练和比赛经历。例如:<span style="color: black;">大众</span>熟知的世界马拉松传奇<span style="color: black;">名人</span>基普乔格、贝克勒,日本传奇<span style="color: black;">名人</span>大迫杰,以及中国名将董国建、杨绍辉、张德顺、夏雨雨等人,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>都是场地赛5000米、10000米选手。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从运动项目特点<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>场地赛训练经历的运动员,不仅<span style="color: black;">持有</span>扎实的有氧耐力<span style="color: black;">基本</span>,还具备较强的速度耐力和耐乳酸能力。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,场地赛出身的选手,技术表现、核心力量、绝对速度、技战术<span style="color: black;">认识</span>等综合能力比较强,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>承受<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的训练负荷,这些宝贵的运动特征,为转项到马拉松训练后,奠定了扎实的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/3065b5f9b317405ebacd0d9699f795f0.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">与精英马拉松运动员相比,<span style="color: black;">公众</span>跑者不仅缺乏5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>专项训练,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>缺少像专业运动员<span style="color: black;">能够</span>经常参加体制内的场地赛5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>比赛(例如:全运会、全国田径锦标赛等)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">公众</span>跑者接触的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个比赛项目<span style="color: black;">便是</span>半程马拉松,<span style="color: black;">或</span>全程马拉松,错失了体验和巩固<span style="color: black;">基本</span>训练的机会,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>训练初期<span style="color: black;">无</span>打好基本功,从而影响了后续发展,早早遇到运动瓶颈。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,为了夯实<span style="color: black;">自己</span>运动能,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">公众</span>跑者依然要<span style="color: black;">注重</span>中短距离项目的训练和比赛,要<span style="color: black;">看清</span>场地赛项目对马拉松项目的促进<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是“夏训”周期训练过程中,在<span style="color: black;">没法</span>高质量完成长距离训练时,更有必要针对5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>项目展开针对性的训练。与此<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,为了激发训练激情,<span style="color: black;">即时</span>检验训练效果,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">持续</span>进行5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测验。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/8a482f7d4613407199fa3ac7e54d5fda.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在专业队,即便运动员<span style="color: black;">持有</span><span style="color: black;">许多</span>的比赛机会,教练员<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会经常<span style="color: black;">经过</span>测验的方式<span style="color: black;">即时</span>检验运动员的训练效果和竞技状态,从而在问题中<span style="color: black;">持续</span>反思和进步,为接下来的周期训练计划制定提供依据参考。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当然,开展测验的前提,必须需要一个周期的、系统的、完整的训练过程,运动员<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>在周期训练过程中有所表现,<span style="color: black;">才可</span>达到好的测验效果。运动训练其实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很简单,练到了,比赛<span style="color: black;">必定</span>不会差。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>忽略周期训练,为了测验而测验,是很难达到较好的训练效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/7decf90a98da4f7595831a17ab51fd90.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一般</span>,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>中长跑训练<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>运动成绩常用的三个训练<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:长距离训练、有氧训练和无氧(间歇)训练,三者之间的最大区别<span style="color: black;">表现</span>在训练强度上。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当然,部分跑者<span style="color: black;">没法</span>较为准确的判断适合自己的训练强度区间。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>,跑者就<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测试的数据,为自己训练强度的划分<span style="color: black;">供给</span>参考。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">对此,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>把5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测验的平均配速,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>100%的强度标准。有氧训练的强度区间,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测验平均配速的80-90%,由此,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>推算出有氧训练所对应的配速安排。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/f8ac62025d514ae289ad7ad7871675e7.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如:A跑者5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测验用时20分钟,每<span style="color: black;">千米</span>平均配速为4分(240秒)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>,适合A跑者有氧训练强度区间的配速为240秒除以(80%-90%)/<span style="color: black;">千米</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>最低有氧强度为300秒,即配速5分/<span style="color: black;">千米</span>,最高有氧强度为267秒/<span style="color: black;">千米</span>,即4分27秒/<span style="color: black;">千米</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">无氧(间歇)训练的强度,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测验平均配速的95%-105%</span><span style="color: black;">,还是以A跑者来举例。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>计算得出,A跑者无氧(间歇)训练配速则应该安排在4分13秒—3分49秒的区间。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q7.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/115c7cb8ba8042c885f9e622db0e29fe.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/5a3a0453205f4a35b036b3c0491c6689.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一般</span>,系统周期训练4~6周<span style="color: black;">上下</span>,运动员的运动能力将迎来较佳状态,<span style="color: black;">此时</span>候<span style="color: black;">能够</span>安排专项测验。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>中短距离项目,</span><span style="color: black;">测试</span><span style="color: black;">的场地首</span><span style="color: black;">推</span><span style="color: black;">田径</span><span style="color: black;">场,</span><span style="color: black;">标准的赛道有利于运动员更好地<span style="color: black;">把握</span>节奏和更清晰地计算每圈配速。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>田径场,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>最好<span style="color: black;">选取</span>距离比较准,赛道比较平坦、安全的测验场所。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">除了场地的<span style="color: black;">恰当</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">提高</span>测验氛围。例如:约几个水平相当的<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>跑,或直接邀请比自己快的跑友做“兔子”,<span style="color: black;">这般</span></span><span style="color: black;">更能够激发竞技状态,跑出好成绩。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/e8cb4c647c5c4406a5b3da735e21bab6.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>中短距离项目,距离短,速度快,热身的时间更要充分。热身的流程大致分为:1、跑前关节操;2、低配速慢跑3~4<span style="color: black;">千米</span>;3、动态拉伸、肌肉激活、4;加速跑30米x3次,5、<span style="color: black;">起始</span>测验。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q2.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240717/c5bf678d79e74659ba2e13358c7436fb.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总而言之,从跑者入门角色出发,完成<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>,是许多跑者体验跑步,爱上跑步的<span style="color: black;">起始</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从<span style="color: black;">提高</span>训练强度看,<span style="color: black;">5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>,以及后续的5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>间歇训练,</span><span style="color: black;">在马拉松训练体系</span><span style="color: black;">中的</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">道理</span>非凡</span><span style="color: black;">,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">提高</span>10<span style="color: black;">千米</span>、半马、全程等</span><span style="color: black;">比赛成绩非</span><span style="color: black;">常好的训练手段。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,在周期训练的<span style="color: black;">区别</span><span style="color: black;">周期</span>,<span style="color: black;">大众</span>均有必有安排和尝试5<span style="color: black;">千米</span>测验和比赛。</span></span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛:www.fok120.com</span>,查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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