对比美国四大汽配连锁，中国汽配供应链差距在哪？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dZozMjoBj9YP0fpQHI3k2uBVp0uiaeGiaKDvcK2eHCgz62iaStIVGVELc7PbrQN2uXtTiaFmM6vUoiccVqh0wibX5cLQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">前言</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">在仓储物流、系统数据、采购和供应链、自有品牌、员工素质等几个层面，中国汽配供应链相比美国四大差距在哪？</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/dZozMjoBj9ZoD7TfsH0UByNL16kf8cvTnGYOQWM6ic8ibKnPGnLUmvVicGcDx5uy3PjbjhnquibsGPQgKodw5X7sOw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">作者 | acqiche</span><span style="color: black;">出处 | AC汽车</span><span style="color: black;">投稿请加<span style="color: black;">微X</span>：17301794939</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">原创转载请注明<span style="color: black;">源自</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">经常说中国汽车后市场类似美国模式，不少后市场从业者<span style="color: black;">亦</span>热衷于前往美国实地参访交流和学习，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>借鉴部分美国市场的经验和模式。</span><span style="color: black;">AC汽车在过去两年实地参访并<span style="color: black;">报告</span>过美国市场<span style="color: black;">关联</span>企业，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>财报<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>、海外案例等<span style="color: black;">文案</span>解析美国市场的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>和<span style="color: black;">关联</span>企业的特点。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>近几年资本<span style="color: black;">持续</span>加码，汽配供应链<span style="color: black;">作为</span>最受关注的<span style="color: black;">行业</span>之一，在美国市场，四大上市汽配连锁耳熟能详。</span><span style="color: black;">这个<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的中美市场对比是一个值得探讨的<span style="color: black;">专题</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>理解行业<span style="color: black;">状况</span>带来<span style="color: black;">必定</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">AC汽车从仓储物流、系统数据、采购和供应链、自有品牌、员工素质等几个层面对比中美汽配供应链的差别和差距。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1 </span></span><span style="color: black;">仓储物流体系</span><span style="color: black;">众所周知，美国四大汽配连锁是全国性连锁，占据美国将近40%的市场份额。</span><span style="color: black;">这么高的市场份额，<span style="color: black;">背面</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>之一<span style="color: black;">便是</span>其<span style="color: black;">创立</span>了更加广泛和完备的仓储物流体系，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是前置仓的网点数量，遍布全美国。</span><span style="color: black;">对比中美市场汽配供应链的仓储物流体系，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>双方存在着<span style="color: black;">必定</span>差距。</span><span style="color: black;">一是美国市场的线下体系更加完备。</span><span style="color: black;">以AutoZone为例，其线下网络体系分为4级，分别是中心仓、mega hub、hub和卫星店。</span><span style="color: black;">其中mega hub是AutoZone近两年大力发展的门店体系，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是布局最大的门店，备货最全，最重要的是，还承担着辐射门店的调货功能，使得<span style="color: black;">全部</span>体系更加灵活。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>，诸如OReilly在前置仓之外<span style="color: black;">亦</span>设立超级前置仓，功能和mega hub有点类似。</span><span style="color: black;">相比美国，国内主流汽配供应链的仓储物流体系大致分为3级，中心仓、省仓和前置仓，中心仓<span style="color: black;">定时</span>向省仓补货，省仓向前置仓，再由前置仓销往维修门店。</span><span style="color: black;">在这个过程中的调货灵活度还有改进空间。</span><span style="color: black;">二是前置仓网点数量。</span><span style="color: black;">AutoZone在2019年汽配门店数量发展到6411家，以每年平均200家的速度增长。</span><span style="color: black;">截止2018年年底，NAPA有将近6000家，OReilly有超过5000家，Advance Auto Parts有将近5000家。</span><span style="color: black;">网点数量总计超过两万家。</span><span style="color: black;">反观中国几家头部汽配供应链企业，新康众直营门店数量900多家，快准车服加盟服务站将近1000家，三头六臂的数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>2019年年底有1800家签约服务商。</span><span style="color: black;">相比于美国四大还有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>距离。</span><span style="color: black;">三是备货率。</span><span style="color: black;">以AutoZone为例，SKU达到20多万，其中心仓备货率高达98%，卫星仓备货率达到60%-70%，在一家mega hub中<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">贮存</span>7-11万<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的SKU。</span><span style="color: black;">这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是其实现前店后仓，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>完成零售和调货的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>之一。</span><span style="color: black;">像NAPA，其SKU更高，超过50万。</span><span style="color: black;">中国市场，就易损件<span style="color: black;">行业</span>而言，其SKU还<span style="color: black;">无</span>达到美国市场的水平，备货率和调货能力<span style="color: black;">亦</span>还需要<span style="color: black;">提高</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">四是送达时间。</span><span style="color: black;">正<span style="color: black;">由于</span>网络密度更大，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>美国市场的配送时间更加严格，当然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>更<span style="color: black;">快速</span>，常用配件<span style="color: black;">通常</span>45分钟之内<span style="color: black;">能够</span>送到客户手中，中国市场<span style="color: black;">日前</span>可能需要超过2小时。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>，2019年AC汽车美国游学<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>了一件比较有<span style="color: black;">表率</span>性的事，在参访一家维修门店的时候，正巧一位OReilly的员工给门店送来了一个类似螺丝的小配件，让<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>非常吃惊：</span><span style="color: black;">这么小的配件都值得员工亲自送过来。</span><span style="color: black;">店长告诉<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>，只要打<span style="color: black;">tel</span>过去，OReilly<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在15分钟<span style="color: black;">上下</span>送来<span style="color: black;">她们</span>需要的配件。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2 </span></span><span style="color: black;">数据和系统</span><span style="color: black;">在数据层面，中国是万国车市场，比美国市场的品牌和车型<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>，数据<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用混乱来形容，产业链上下游<span style="color: black;">无</span>形成统一性。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">背面</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>来自于历史沿革。</span><span style="color: black;">据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，美国市场的数据分为两类，一是车型数据，二是零部件数据。</span><span style="color: black;">车型数据以协会ACES（Application Catalogue Exchange Standard）为标准，零部件数据以PIES（Product Information Exchange Standard）为标准。</span><span style="color: black;">当然，美国市场<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不是一<span style="color: black;">起始</span>就形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>全国统一的数据标准，<span style="color: black;">时期</span>经历了汽车后市场行业协会<span style="color: black;">持续</span>推动国会立法，让主机厂和政府<span style="color: black;">公司</span>开放<span style="color: black;">关联</span>数据，才一步步<span style="color: black;">步行到</span>如今的地步。</span><span style="color: black;">中国市场的车型数据掌控在主机厂和政府<span style="color: black;">分部</span>手中，配件数据<span style="color: black;">亦</span>掌控在主机厂手中，均<span style="color: black;">处在</span>相对封闭的状态，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>市场上缺少统一语言，虽然<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了一批数据<span style="color: black;">机构</span>，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>没能形容良好的协同和互动。</span><span style="color: black;">在数据未能统一的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，系统<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span>发挥良好的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">中国市场第三方系统并不少，像新康众<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>了自己的系统F6，但从市场反馈来看，系统的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>率相对偏低，配件采购比较传统，仍以<span style="color: black;">tel</span>、<span style="color: black;">微X</span>群、QQ群为主，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>效率低。</span><span style="color: black;">无论<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>，一个<span style="color: black;">有效</span>有序的市场需要一套统一的标准，这是实现一切的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">从美国市场经验来看，这条路并不顺畅，可能还需要很<span style="color: black;">长期</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3 </span></span><span style="color: black;">采购和供应链</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>各大汽配连锁的年报<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看到，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>非常<span style="color: black;">注重</span>采购和供应链，并为此<span style="color: black;">创立</span>了一套体系。</span><span style="color: black;">在采购方面，存在三个比较<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的倾向性。</span><span style="color: black;">一是采购多元化。</span><span style="color: black;">在2019财年，有一家供应商贡献了AutoZone将近12%的采购额，其他供应商的采购占有率均不超过10%，<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>避免一家供应商的话语权过大。</span><span style="color: black;">二是抓住主流供应商。</span><span style="color: black;">虽然汽配连锁不会让一家供应商体量过大，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>会挑选一批主流供应商。</span><span style="color: black;">以NAPA为例，2018年NAPA<span style="color: black;">持有</span>超过100家供应商，但49%的采购由10家<span style="color: black;">重点</span>供应商<span style="color: black;">供给</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">三是<span style="color: black;">制品</span>筛选和替换。</span><span style="color: black;">以汽配经销商The Network为例，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>在<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>分布着采购员，寻找合适的供应商。</span><span style="color: black;">找到<span style="color: black;">目的</span>之后上报给总部，由50个股东成员投票，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>率超过66%，这个<span style="color: black;">制品</span>线就会<span style="color: black;">经过</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>的供应商更换频率是非常高的。</span><span style="color: black;">在供应链方面，美国市场从四大汽配连锁到经销商联盟，都把<span style="color: black;">制品</span>分为三个级别，分别是好/更好/最好，以便让客户有更大的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>空间度。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>系统和数据更加完备，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>实现各级仓库之间高频率调货和补货。</span><span style="color: black;">例如AutoZone<span style="color: black;">始终</span>在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>前置仓模型、门店库存水平和<span style="color: black;">制品</span>策略。</span><span style="color: black;">次级门店每周从配送中心接收3次或<span style="color: black;">更加多</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>投递。</span><span style="color: black;">而随着mega hub继续扩充，AutoZone<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>大部分汽配门店<span style="color: black;">能够</span>享受当天送达<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>一天多送。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">以上</span>体系是经历了几十年<span style="color: black;">累积</span>下来的经验和流程，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>中国市场的汽配供应链<span style="color: black;">机构</span>还<span style="color: black;">不可</span>完全实现，当然有赖于<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">设备</span>的完善，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需要<span style="color: black;">自己</span>体量足够庞大，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>赢得更大话语权。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4</span></span><span style="color: black;">自有品牌占有率</span><span style="color: black;">2019年AC汽车采访汽配猫执行合伙人赵建民时，就听到一个观点：</span><span style="color: black;">汽配供应链平台要发力自有品牌，这是<span style="color: black;">将来</span>趋势。</span><span style="color: black;">这<span style="color: black;">背面</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是汽配市场整体价格愈发透明，国际品牌尤其如此，依靠<span style="color: black;">制品</span>供应赚差价的模式越走越窄，而自有品牌<span style="color: black;">能够</span>带来更大利润。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>中国不少供应链平台都在往这个方向走，但占有率有限，仍以国际品牌和国内品牌为主。</span><span style="color: black;">而美国市场似乎走得更加靠前。</span><span style="color: black;">据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，在AutoZone的2019财年配件<span style="color: black;">营销</span>额中，超过50%的份额来自于自有品牌，AutoZone在世界范围内与不少工厂<span style="color: black;">创立</span>合作关系，后者<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>AutoZone贴牌生产。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>AutoZone创立了AutoZone, Duralast, Duralast Max, Duralast Gold, Duralast Platinum, Duralast ProPower, Duralast GT, Valucraft, SureBilt, ProElite and TruGrade等一系列品牌。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">将来</span>，中国汽配供应链企业<span style="color: black;">想要</span>走得更快更远，自有品牌的发展是必经之路。</span><span style="color: black;">5 </span><span style="color: black;">员工素质</span><span style="color: black;">任何<span style="color: black;">商场</span>模式的成功都需要落地到人员的执行层面，员工素质的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>可能带来本质性的差异。</span><span style="color: black;">员工素质<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">包括</span>两个层面，一是技术层面，二是服务层面。</span><span style="color: black;">在技术层面，一是美国市场非常<span style="color: black;">注重</span>员工培训，在立法层面<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是强制性的。</span><span style="color: black;">像AutoZone就<span style="color: black;">供给</span>多种形式的在职培训项目，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>在分销中心举办的年度<span style="color: black;">营销</span>会议，门店培训<span style="color: black;">营销</span>技能和<span style="color: black;">制品</span>知识，基于电脑知识的<span style="color: black;">营销</span>和技术培训，以及经销商和第三方<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的培训。</span><span style="color: black;">各层级的经理还要接受财务培训。</span><span style="color: black;">二是美国市场汽车普及率高，几乎<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>员工都<span style="color: black;">持有</span>自己的车辆，对汽车的<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>度<span style="color: black;">持有</span>天然<span style="color: black;">优良</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">这些<span style="color: black;">原因</span>让员工的技术能力更强，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>向客户<span style="color: black;">供给</span>更有价值的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">在服务层面，客户满意度是每家企业都<span style="color: black;">注重</span>、强调和考核的核心点。</span><span style="color: black;">以AutoZone为例，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>非常鼓励员工多走出门店和客户接触，不管是DIY客户的车辆旁边还是维修门店里面。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">以上</span>的OReilly<span style="color: black;">便是</span>典型案例。</span><span style="color: black;">当然，还有一点不得不提，美国蓝领的工资水平<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不是中国<span style="color: black;">能够</span>比拟的。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>中国市场在人员层面的差异性是显而易见的，人员素质的<span style="color: black;">提高</span>当然与企业的能力<span style="color: black;">体积</span>息息<span style="color: black;">关联</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>企业自己做大做强，<span style="color: black;">才可</span>给员工<span style="color: black;">供给</span>更好的培训和<span style="color: black;">薪水</span>，人员素质自然水涨船高。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>能看到差距，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>明了<span style="color: black;">将来</span>发展的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>和方向。</span><span style="color: black;">相信中国汽车后市场正向着更好的方向前行，在汽配供应链<span style="color: black;">行业</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>将<span style="color: black;">显现</span>巨头企业<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>上市企业。</span><span style="color: black;">— END —</span>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">终端门</span></strong></a><strong style="color: blue;">店：</strong><span style="color: black;">连锁百强名单</span><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">车享家</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">天猫养车</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">美途客</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">台运车管家</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">国合快车<span style="color: black;">|</span></a> <a style="color: black;">易车生活</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">恒泰</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">哈贝卡</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">汇阁仕</a> <a style="color: black;"><span style="color: 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black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">汇捷车管家</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有壹手</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">豫涛汽修</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车百用</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">快易修</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">兔师傅</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车自主</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span></span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 畅途汽车</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车发发</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">牛咖斯</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车畅行</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">美车堂</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">安信捷</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">好修养</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">苏友快修</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">快车品味</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车百惠</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">柚紫养车</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车奇士</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">正美丰业</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">车宝堂</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">名骏车业</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">轮库</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">小拇指</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">向阳汽修</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">精典汽车</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">和谐修车</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">佳诚车业</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">途虎养车</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">中鑫之宝</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">爱特堡</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">车魔师 <span style="color: black;">|</span></a> <a style="color: black;">华胜</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">信义易车 <span style="color: black;">|</span></a> <a style="color: black;">小飞鱼</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">小李补胎</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">小驴快跑</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">车工坊</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">小桔车服</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">耐乐快修</a> | <a style="color: black;">奇特异gt1</a><a style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </a><a style="color: 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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">优秀</span>门店</span></strong><span style="color: black;">：<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">宝丽汽车</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">爱车</a>宝贝 <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">西安路豹</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">鼎盛汽修</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">我爱我车</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">百圆</a><span style="color: black;">|</span><a style="color: black;">卡兰德<span style="color: black;">|</span></a><a style="color: black;">重庆西郊<span style="color: black;">|</span></a><a style="color: black;">巨能汽修</a><span style="color: black;">|</span><span style="color: black;"> <a style="color: black;">安美驰</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">万车行</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">精英汽修</a> | <a style="color: black;">精益车服</a> </span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">延伸阅读</span></strong><span style="color: black;">：<a style="color: black;">PointS</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">主机厂独立售后</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">博伊德集团（海外）<span style="color: black;">|</span></span></a><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 事故车维修（海外）<span style="color: black;">|</span></span></a><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">豪气</span>车专修</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">员工管理（海外）<span style="color: black;">|</span></span></a><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Monro（海外）<span style="color: black;">|</span></span></a><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">美国游学1 <span style="color: black;">|</span></span></a><span style="color: black;"> <a style="color: black;">美国游学2</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">美国游学3</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">美国游学4</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> </span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">北美游学5</span></a><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">北美游</a>学6 <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">北美游学7</a> <span style="color: black;">| </span><a style="color: black;">北美游学8</a> <span style="color: black;">|</span> <a style="color: black;">2019北美快速换油（快保）连锁TOP50</a> | <a style="color: black;">融资盘点</a> | <a style="color: black;">4S独立售后盘点 </a>| <a style="color: black;">盘点2019行业大事记 </a></span></p><a style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">汽配供应链： </span></strong><span style="color: 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black;">2019汽车后市场年鉴</span></a><span style="color: black;"> | <a style="color: black;">2019麦肯锡洞察</a> | <a style="color: black;">维保行业白皮书</a> | <a style="color: black;">2018年年鉴</a> | <a style="color: black;">2017年年鉴</a> </span>
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外贸B2B平台有哪些？ 感谢你的精彩评论，带给我新的思考角度。 这篇文章真的让我受益匪浅，外链发布感谢分享！ 你的见解真是独到，让我受益匪浅。 楼主发的这篇帖子，我觉得非常有道理。
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