f9yx0du 发表于 2024-8-22 08:35:07

ChatGPT算力需要惊人，英伟达赚翻了，中国企业只能喝汤？


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>ChatGPT掀起一波AI浪潮，这<span style="color: black;">浪花</span>潮席卷了各行各业。<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>、金融、法律、医疗、制造、物流等等，就连教育和农业<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>幸免。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p26-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2d5357761df641859ee005a94c61ac66~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=8Gy8KKKUTKuFh96N6MqHXtX%2Fqz0%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">新东方<span style="color: black;">俞敏洪直言：</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“企业家<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>没玩过ChatGPT，没资格谈高科技发展。”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">就连养猪的新<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>：<span style="color: black;">起始</span>关注ChatGPT。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ChatGPT如此<span style="color: black;">火热</span>，它<span style="color: black;">到底</span>是个什么东西呢？</span>说实话，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人只是跟风，<span style="color: black;">基本</span>解释不清楚ChatGPT。Chat是什么？G、P、T又<span style="color: black;">表率</span>什么呢？一问三不知。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Chat是谈话、<span style="color: black;">交流</span>的意思，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>：<span style="color: black;">微X</span>聊天、面对面聊天；G即Generative的缩写，是生成的意思，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解为创造事物、答案；P即Pre-trained 是预先训练的意思，T即Transfomer的缩写，是转换器的意思。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">ChatGPT翻译成汉语<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>聊天<span style="color: black;">得到</span>答案的工具，当然这款工具需要<span style="color: black;">海量</span>的训练。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">AI训练是需要强大算力支持的，<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>研报数据，AI算力<span style="color: black;">需要</span><span style="color: black;">大约每6个月翻一番，</span><strong style="color: blue;">ChatGPT的<span style="color: black;">显现</span>，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>算力<span style="color: black;">需要</span>直接达到了原来的10-100倍。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2023年1月时<strong style="color: blue;">，</strong>ChatGPT日活人数为1300万，提出的问题约130亿字，<strong style="color: blue;">这些问题产生的算力需要600台</strong><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">DGX</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"> A100服务器。</strong></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5aa5456380954b24907b37c1594938e3~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=kPT47jpzDLd7FKVU3iJq5V9FwXU%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">为何</span>是A100呢？<span style="color: black;">由于</span>A100非常适配ChatGPT这类<span style="color: black;">设备</span>学习模型。它能够<span style="color: black;">同期</span>执行<span style="color: black;">海量</span>简单的计算，这<span style="color: black;">针对</span>训练和<span style="color: black;">运用</span>神经网络模型非常重要。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">A100由著名的GPU厂商英伟达<span style="color: black;">开发</span></strong>，最初用在游戏中，用来处理<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的3D图像，随着AI的快速发展，A100被广泛的应用在<span style="color: black;">设备</span>学习中。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>说人工智能是第四次工业革命，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>这次革命的<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>算力，而算力需要强大的AI芯片。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说谁<span style="color: black;">把握</span>了先进的AI芯片，谁就能引导第四次工业革命。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>问题来了，谁是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>最强的AI芯片<span style="color: black;">机构</span>呢？我国的AI芯片<span style="color: black;">处在</span>什么水平呢？</p>
    <h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">简单科普一下AI芯片</h1>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ae624f6bf31444d1b4529eab5f401cf2~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=RHtpNGYYAqj0%2BWNK1GHnC3DbOT8%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">AI芯片是一种专门处理人工智能计算、应用等任务的一种模块，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为AI加速器或计算卡。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在架构方面来看，<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">AI芯片<span style="color: black;">重点</span>分为：GPU （图形处理器）、FPGA （现场可编程门阵列）、ASIC（专用集成电路）。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这三种AI芯片<span style="color: black;">按照</span>其特点，将其<span style="color: black;">安排</span>在<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的应用场景中，例如：GPU<span style="color: black;">安排</span>在云端，FPGA<span style="color: black;">安排</span>在边缘，ASIC<span style="color: black;">安排</span>在终端。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f8b806e11acb4325ac3ca6c17416165b~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=UeHX%2FJc2e0ROLTLnS%2BnDymTL7es%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">云端</strong>是一个庞大的网上服务器集合，集软件搜索、下载、<span style="color: black;">运用</span>、管理、备份等多种功能为一体，其运算量<span style="color: black;">非常</span>庞大。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">云端<span style="color: black;">持有</span>多种AI服务功能，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>AI训练和推理。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>对算力的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>非常高，适合布局高性能GPU，例如：A100、H100。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2c93245376364b36b0cd7c70e0deff57~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=NLsA8r815AZIb9jTBwB%2FxmaciCs%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">边缘</strong>是连接云端和终端的网络，并非在系统的最边上。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上，从云端到终端的这些庞大区域都<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为边缘。边缘<span style="color: black;">重点</span>负责数据传输、交换。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着算力<span style="color: black;">需要</span>的增大，云端<span style="color: black;">没法</span>承受<span style="color: black;">所有</span>算力，这就需要边缘节点分担一部分，降低云端压力，<span style="color: black;">提高</span><span style="color: black;">全部</span>网络的稳定性与快捷性。<span style="color: black;">善于</span>处理信号的FPGA就适合布局在边缘。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">终端</strong>就好理解了，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的PC、手机、家电、汽车都是终端设备。这些设备<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需要AI芯片，用来计算分析，这些芯片<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的是做<span style="color: black;">有些</span>推理。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>需要更加专业的ASIC（专用芯片）。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些AI芯片尽管分工<span style="color: black;">区别</span>，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>场景<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>，但它们<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">一起</span>之处，<span style="color: black;">便是</span><strong style="color: blue;">对算力的<span style="color: black;">需要</span>越来越大。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">AI<span style="color: black;">第1</span>次事件大概是<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>熟知的阿尔法狗大战李世石。</span></strong></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/26e16cfee1bf467c81b71b07f74ff2ef~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=U2uhxipezvtpLqTte2bpGXeIhdQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当时，阿尔法狗击败围棋九段<span style="color: black;">能手</span>李世石，可谓是风光无限。但<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上，当时的阿尔法狗在AI界真的很<span style="color: black;">通常</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">据说</span>当时阿尔法狗使<span style="color: black;">用了</span>1202个CPU、176个GPU，<span style="color: black;">大概</span>800多万核并行计算,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>还花费3000美元的电费，用了3个多小时才击败了人类选手李世石。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这只是1V1的战法，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>换成3人扑克、四人麻将，阿尔法狗还未必能够取胜。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但AI的强大之处在于学习，一天24小时、一年365天<span style="color: black;">一直</span>的学习，这才是其最恐怖的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>，只要算力足够，算法正确，它就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>突飞猛进。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d6d1024b3dc4098a7b9b54de425ada1~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=UNRVb%2FjhOc53B9G%2B5iX1QZHKu0o%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">时间来到2023年，<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">人工智能实验室OpenAI<span style="color: black;">研发</span>出了ChatGPT聊天<span style="color: black;">设备</span>人</span></strong><span style="color: black;">，除了<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行普通聊天、信息咨询外，还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>撰写诗词、修改代码，</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>取代许多脑力工作者。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">专家们<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>确定了<span style="color: black;">将来</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>被<span style="color: black;">ChatGPT取代的十大类岗位，<span style="color: black;">详细</span>如下：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>类、技术类工作：程序员、软件工程师、数据分析师；</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第二类、<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>类工作：<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>、内容创作、技术写作、<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>；</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第三类、金融类工作：金融分析师，个人财务顾问</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第四类、法律类工作：法律或律师助理</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">还有市场<span style="color: black;">科研</span>分析师、平面设计师、会计师、教师、交易员和客服人员。</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>任由<span style="color: black;">ChatGPT发展下去，<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人将会失业，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>创造它的软件工程师和程序员。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ChatGPT的诞生很大一点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>AI芯片的发展，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>英伟达强大的A100、H100芯片的诞生，致使<span style="color: black;">每日</span></span><span style="color: black;">3640PF的算力得到了实现。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>AI芯片继续升级的话，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>人工智能<span style="color: black;">亦</span>将飞速的发展，取代部分人类是在所难免的。</strong></p>
    <h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">英伟达站上风口</h1>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/850651b564dc48809a3ed60c60aedc16~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=MXVCsCIR6Ze70Oz6%2BgoBZGz43hk%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2月23日，GPU领导者英伟达发布了业绩报告：第四季度收入环比微增2%，但净利润环比暴增108%。毛利率高达63.3%。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">业绩<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>后，英伟达市值<span style="color: black;">大涨</span>5000亿人民币，这家GPU巨头再次王者归来。就连CEO黄仁勋<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>想到沾上<span style="color: black;">ChatGPT后，效果如此之好。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">过去的英伟达把元宇宙当做风口，总是说自己的芯片<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>为元宇宙助力，很少宣传在人工智能<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的应用，结果投资者<span style="color: black;">基本</span>不买账。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">好<span style="color: black;">不易</span>站上了风口，英伟达自然是<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>多飞一会，于是黄仁勋<span style="color: black;">起始</span>漂了。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/350d06a5fc634534a179c3c1e58403a7~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=GlnVtTm8JcfPzy62M1zQFtj0pWQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">黄仁勋<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>：过去十年，摩尔定律的性能<span style="color: black;">提高</span>了100倍，而英伟达的GPU性能<span style="color: black;">提高</span>了100万倍，<span style="color: black;">将来</span>十年摩尔定律会失效，但自己的“黄氏定律”不会失效。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">根据</span>“黄氏定律”，<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">将来</span>十年，英伟达<span style="color: black;">能够</span>让人工智能的性能提升100万倍，让人工智能真正的觉醒。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>黄仁勋指出，<span style="color: black;">ChatGPT的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>绝不亚于iPhone的<span style="color: black;">显现</span>，这一<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>里程碑<span style="color: black;">道理</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>，将满足<span style="color: black;">区别</span>人的<span style="color: black;">区别</span><span style="color: black;">需要</span>，而英伟达将为其<span style="color: black;">供给</span>“源源<span style="color: black;">持续</span>的算力”。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>英伟达<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的算力成色<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>呢？<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>来看一看它的巅峰<span style="color: black;">制品</span>——<strong style="color: blue;">H100</strong>。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cacf6605fe1446569240e1a7c0e3c206~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=ryqbX1eWq4PEk5Q0gf4warPOyn4%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">H100采用了Hopper架构，台积电4nm工艺，<span style="color: black;">持有</span>18432个CUDA核心、576个Tensor核心、60MB二级缓存。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这款GPU集<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>800亿个晶体管，算力达到了<span style="color: black;">2000 TFLOPS，</span>比上一代A100算力<span style="color: black;">提高</span>了3.2倍，整体性能<span style="color: black;">提高</span>了6倍。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47735eed13484f1ca8a6a856222afdb9~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=XgdyvKH58B0cGjhZQOYt11KmwMk%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">H100<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行动态加速，优化路径，这种状态下，算力将<span style="color: black;">提高</span>7倍。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在数据吞吐方面，H100同样非常强大，<span style="color: black;">可实现3TB/s 的显存带宽，5TB/s的互联网速度。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">H100还有一个特点，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>拆分GPU，一个单元拆分为7个，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>进行<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的运算任务，并且<span style="color: black;">能够</span>将单个单元性能<span style="color: black;">提高</span>7倍。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">它的售价达到了24万人民币，抵得上一款不错的轿车了。但<span style="color: black;">针对</span>专业用户<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，这个价格不亏，毕竟数量有限，先到先得啊！</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>IDC预测，2023年，GPU在AI算力<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的渗透率将达到54%，而英伟达占据了GPU97%的市场，其强大之处可想而知。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>想象，<span style="color: black;">将来</span>随着AI的快速发展，英伟达必然<span style="color: black;">作为</span>芯片市场上一颗耀眼的明星，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>说前几十年芯片的<span style="color: black;">表率</span>是英特尔，<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">将来</span>的<span style="color: black;">表率</span>将<span style="color: black;">作为</span>英伟达。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当然，除了英伟达外，我国芯片企业在AI<span style="color: black;">行业</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>快速的布局，但效果却<span style="color: black;">显著</span>不如英伟达。</p>
    <h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">国产AI芯片只能喝汤？</h1>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c490251991ef457286e6d41ec8d8c898~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=VhhjdZrrCL%2BtUJbNOhBxOC%2BvGSM%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">国产AI芯片有寒武纪、壁仞科技、燧原科技、瀚博半导体等<span style="color: black;">机构</span>，但这些<span style="color: black;">机构</span>与英伟达差距很大，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>说<span style="color: black;">只能望其项背。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在2022年世界人工智能大会上，上海天数智芯的“智铠100”和壁仞科技的BR100系列，<span style="color: black;">作为</span>国内AI芯片的<span style="color: black;">表率</span>作。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其中BR100采用了台积电7nm工艺，单芯片峰值算力达到了千万亿次浮点运算，打破了<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>通用GPU算力纪录，完全<span style="color: black;">能够</span>与英伟达的A100相媲美。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">壁仞科技是一家初创<span style="color: black;">机构</span>，<span style="color: black;">机构</span>内有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>前英伟达的员工，其中就有一个架构工程师，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>有些事情你懂得。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">网上有博主将BR100与A100进行了比较，结果<strong style="color: blue;">：BR100更快。</strong></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a943606dd37340b6897b1c3969c4a668~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=4yUv91NOQjB6YNeI%2BCE8ckputVY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">两款芯片采用了相同的晶体管类型，英伟达A100在800平方毫米的面积上，集<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>540亿个晶体管。BR100在1000平方毫米面积上，集<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>770亿个晶体管。BR100在晶体管数量占据了很大<span style="color: black;">优良</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">BR100芯片16位浮点算力达到1000T以上、8位<span style="color: black;">选定</span>算力达到2000T以上，单芯片峰值算力达到PFLOPS级别。是A100的3倍，即便是对比H100<span style="color: black;">亦</span>毫不逊色。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>光有算力是<span style="color: black;">不足</span>的，<span style="color: black;">想要</span><span style="color: black;">霸占</span>市场，制造和生态是不可缺少的。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">芯片制造是<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的弱点，内地工艺水平为14nm，而国际先进制造水平达到了3nm。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">BR100制造工艺为7nm，代工厂商为台积电。这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，随时会被美国长臂管辖，失去代工资格。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/28306e6aff094f9dbbc5408913abb8b4~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=eiiBQLBat0JkBBYBEPXEGSBNp70%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">生态建设方面，英伟达<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>一座高山，国内AI芯片<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">日前</span>只能望其项背</strong>，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>对英伟达的生态水平感到无奈。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>数据，英伟达<span style="color: black;">全世界</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>者超过了300多万，在其架构平台上就超过了50万个<span style="color: black;">研发</span>者，其中不乏阿里、腾讯、百度等国内大厂。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">国内的AI芯片厂商想要<span style="color: black;">霸占</span>市场，就必须<span style="color: black;">处理</span>制造<span style="color: black;">困难</span>，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>兼容英伟达的架构。<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说，即便<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在算力上超越了英伟达，价格<span style="color: black;">亦</span>比英伟达低，但仍要被台积电和英伟达牵着鼻子走。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，国内AI芯片厂商能<span style="color: black;">霸占</span>市场吗？能发展起来了吗？<strong style="color: blue;">恐怕在这场AI盛宴中，只能喝一口汤吧！</strong></p>
    <h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">写到最后</h1>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2a29e49878ba4adda5e9ddb18ca51e42~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1724858774&amp;x-signature=DWuDn8aippj%2B9tbMdLBdsty7OQc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">AI盛宴<span style="color: black;">已然</span>到来，ChatGPT需要强大的AI芯片算力支持，而这个大蛋糕被英伟达拿走了大半，国内厂商只能喝点汤。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span>这个尴尬的局面呢？唯有搞自主<span style="color: black;">开发</span>，<span style="color: black;">处理</span>芯片制造<span style="color: black;">困难</span>，<span style="color: black;">处理</span>生态问题。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人会说太难，<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span>为别人做嫁衣裳，还要被打压限制不更难吗？只要<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span>进步一点，追赶超越是迟早的事，到时候真正的好日子就会到来。</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">我是科技铭程，欢迎<span style="color: black;">一起</span>讨论！</p>




j8typz 发表于 2024-10-8 15:42:31

真情实感，其含义为认真了、走心了的意思，是如今的饭圈常用语。

j8typz 发表于 2024-10-12 06:37:35

楼主发的这篇帖子，我觉得非常有道理。

m5k1umn 发表于 2024-11-12 03:02:03

顶楼主，说得太好了！

1fy07h 发表于 5 天前

“板凳”（第三个回帖的人）‌
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