体检测出甲状腺结节怎么办？离癌症还有多远？别慌，医生告诉你答案！
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">体检时<span style="color: black;">大众</span>可能都会做甲状腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">近些年不论在国内还是国外，甲状腺癌的患病率呈直线<span style="color: black;">提升</span>趋势。甲状腺癌常常潜隐<span style="color: black;">没</span>形，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>病例都是在体检时被意外<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当前社会生活和工作压力<span style="color: black;">广泛</span><span style="color: black;">很强</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>普通人而言，进行甲状腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>在体检中变得尤为必要。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，人们对甲状腺的关注度<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">逐步</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人在接受体检时都<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>甲状腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>在内。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>来认识一下什么是甲状腺。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">01、甲状腺在<span style="color: black;">哪里</span>？有什么功能？</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">人体最大的内分泌腺体是甲状腺，由<span style="color: black;">上下</span>两叶<span style="color: black;">构成</span>，中间有峡部，形状像H或蝶形；它<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>气管前方，夹在喉两侧，与第5、6、7颈椎平行；位置比较浅，距皮下<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>约1~1.5cm。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240326/9453c12319514774ac2699aba8a8a59a.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">30%~50%的人会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>甲状腺的<span style="color: black;">一边</span>叶或两侧叶向上生长，有时可能形成锥状叶。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>功能是合成、储存和释放甲状腺激素，这些激素对促进生长<span style="color: black;">生长</span>和调节物质代谢<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>甲状腺是一个非常<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的器官。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>皮下1~1.5cm，<strong style="color: blue;">超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>非常清晰地看到甲状腺及内部结构</strong>，是优于CT和核磁的。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>价格<span style="color: black;">优惠</span>，非常安全，<span style="color: black;">无</span>放射性，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>容易接受。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>会对甲状腺进行多方位、多切面的扫查，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>横切面、纵切面、斜切面，充分观察甲状腺的形态、结构，以及内部<span style="color: black;">可否</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>病变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">做甲状腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>甲状腺上长了结节，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>这个结节是良性的还是恶性的呢？超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>能判断良恶性吗？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">02、超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>能判断甲状腺结节的良恶性吗？</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>，超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>能够探测到甲状腺内1~2mm<span style="color: black;">体积</span>的<span style="color: black;">反常</span>区域。一旦超声检测到<span style="color: black;">反常</span>区域，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>观察超声图像的特征，进一步对这一区域进行定性诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q8.itc.cn/images01/20240326/b4928b68a3644da0a052b3f05561e851.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">举例<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>完全囊性的病灶或呈现海绵征的囊实性病变，<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>明断为良性结节。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>甲状腺结节是良性的，<span style="color: black;">或</span>更可能是良性时，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>会<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">定时</span>观察或进一步治疗（<span style="color: black;">按照</span>自己<span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>实性的、低回声的，<span style="color: black;">或</span>是极低回声的病灶，纵横比大于1，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>立着长的，不是横着长的；边界呈毛刺样，<span style="color: black;">或</span>是小叶状，<span style="color: black;">或</span>成角改变，这是浸润生长的特征性改变；<span style="color: black;">包含</span>病灶内部<span style="color: black;">显现</span>直径<span style="color: black;">少于</span>0.1cm的点状钙化，甲状腺内部的结节血流信号丰富，看到结节侵犯了甲状腺的包膜，包膜<span style="color: black;">已然</span>不完整了。基本上<span style="color: black;">能够</span>定性是恶性的结节，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>甲状腺癌。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>甲状腺癌，绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>为甲状腺乳头状癌，恶性程度低。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在某些<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，尽管甲状腺结节在超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>中<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>出<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的恶性特征，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>颈部淋巴结存在转移迹象，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应当对甲状腺结节可能<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>恶性特性保持<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">虽然超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>在鉴别甲状腺结节的良性和恶性方面表现出较高的准确性，但仍存在<span style="color: black;">有些</span>结节即具备良性特征又具备恶性特征的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>法<span style="color: black;">供给</span>确定的定性诊断，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行超声引导下的穿刺活检，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>病理学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>来做出<span style="color: black;">知道</span>的诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>，甲状腺穿刺活检<span style="color: black;">详细</span>是怎么做的呢？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">03、超声引导下甲状腺结节穿刺活检是怎么做的？</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">超声引导下的穿刺活检，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>非常清晰、直观、准确地<span style="color: black;">表示</span>病灶部位，定位<span style="color: black;">知道</span>后就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行穿刺取活检。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>超声引导下甲状腺结节穿刺活检有两种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>：</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一种是粗针穿刺活检，直径大概1.2mm，穿刺后取活检进行组织病理学诊断；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>一种是细针穿刺活检，直径大概0.8mm，穿刺后进行细胞病理学诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/images01/20240326/09760577507e4c0b910b1e4157322d32.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>在国际上，对甲状腺<span style="color: black;">重点</span>进行细针穿刺，得到细胞病理学诊断。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在超声引导下，找到病灶位置后，用一根细针穿刺进去后反复抽插，吸取少量的细胞液，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>进行涂片，在特殊染色下观察细胞是恶性病变，还是良性改变，<span style="color: black;">知道</span>结节的良恶性，诊断准确率非常高。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">穿刺活检基本上是诊断的金标准。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>活检结果证实为良性，<span style="color: black;">或</span>呈现良性倾向，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>不<span style="color: black;">必须</span>立即采取手术切除治疗，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>自己的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>病情，<span style="color: black;">选取</span>中医中药<span style="color: black;">或</span>微创消融治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人担心，甲状腺结节穿刺活检时，病灶会不会顺着穿刺针<span style="color: black;">出现</span>扩散、转移？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240326/d95d5c42137844029e9ec11eca715cbe.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>国内外<span style="color: black;">报告</span>，这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>非常罕见，基本上<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">大众</span>不要担心。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>甲状腺结节穿刺活检，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>良性病变<span style="color: black;">出现</span>恶变。<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
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