《电影评介》·专题 | 人工智能语境下电影虚拟创作的真实情感呈现——以现实题材电影《涉过愤怒的海》为例
<img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JmqPNiakLcS5lhbVK5YTH4Ev4tw5QnXeevdPwiaicCM3Khgel6rbSyPEOs7yWwdQ1PDZLSN6nJkyibFvtUZZPu7oPA/640?wx_fmt=other&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"> 点击上方</span><span style="color: black;">“电影评介”</span><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">能够</span>订阅哦!</span><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">作者简介</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqC8u2H7m2yQl515AGGuTKicasa3Wl0vtw7qguDOZ3vjXJPZR18Gv8IyWg/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">陈 奕</strong>,浙江杭州人,浙江传媒学院电影学院副教授、时光坐标影像科技创始人、电影</span><span style="color: black;">视效导演,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>从事数字虚拟影像、数字电影技术、影视虚拟拍摄<span style="color: black;">科研</span>。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">【摘 要】</span><span style="color: black;">在中国引进国外电影伊始,数字虚拟技术就和动作、战争、科幻等类型片绑定,这一观念限制了中国电影创作者在多元化类型电影中对虚拟技术的运用,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span>中国电影工业科技化、流程化的桎梏。随着人工智能技术的<span style="color: black;">快速</span>发展,其在电影创作<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的运用必然和数字虚拟制作流程紧密结合。在创作端,更沉浸、更<span style="color: black;">有效</span>的视觉效果前置使导演<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>更为自由的创作视角;在感知端,极致仿真的视觉效果使观众在不知不觉中感受叙事与情感。本文<span style="color: black;">经过</span>作者在电影《涉过愤怒的海》中数字视效的创作实践,分析和阐述创作者<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>运用全流程虚拟技术,将视觉感知与<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线相结合,尝试将虚拟技术全方位运用于现实主义类型电影创作中的突破与创新。</span></span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">【关键词】</span><span style="color: black;">人工智能与真实情感;视觉感知;<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线;全流程虚拟制作;写实风格特效</span></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2024年2月15日,OpenAI<span style="color: black;">机构</span>发布文生视频大模</span><span style="color: black;">型Sora,计算生成的高质量影像以其逼真的效果、优</span><span style="color: black;">质的光影、特殊的运动和视角,<span style="color: black;">快速</span>在电影行业<span style="color: black;">诱发</span></span><span style="color: black;">关注和讨论。一种观点认为,人工智能内容生成技术</span><span style="color: black;">将快速颠覆现有的电影创作流程;反对者则认为,虽</span><span style="color: black;">然人工智能技术在影像上<span style="color: black;">已然</span>形成突破,但电影的</span><span style="color: black;">核心是叙事和情感表达,这是AI<span style="color: black;">日前</span>还<span style="color: black;">没法</span>达到的。</span><span style="color: black;">究其<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">两种观点的碰撞回归到电影的核心——</span><span style="color: black;">虚拟影像感知和真实情感表达的互动关系及其创作</span><span style="color: black;">流程。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">电影<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>创作者和观众两极,前者<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>手段</span><span style="color: black;">和技巧讲述故事,后者观看和<span style="color: black;">评估</span>故事。虚拟技术如</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">安在</span>电影创作中发挥其应有的价值,取决于创作者对</span><span style="color: black;">它的认知和观众对它的感知,其结合点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>数字化虚</span><span style="color: black;">拟制作流程,视效效果的呈现和观众对情感叙事的</span><span style="color: black;">感知。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqC5sor9Elrwj23m9F7wgSQIu54RPMJpBtRviad1WxdGoSQyWXWpOvkWlw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由此可见,以数字虚拟科技<span style="color: black;">形成</span>的创作流程,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>视</span><span style="color: black;">效镜头的呈现,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>形成一个对观众的沉浸式“场”与</span><span style="color: black;">情感<span style="color: black;">评估</span>“场”,<span style="color: black;">最后</span>影响观众观影的感受和<span style="color: black;">评估</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在当代中国电影的发展历程中,观众<span style="color: black;">针对</span>虚拟技术和电影视效的认知源自1994年中国引进分账电影《亡命天涯》(美国,1993)、《真实的谎言》(美国,1993)和《勇敢者的游戏》(美国,1994),仅<span style="color: black;">经过</span>这些电影的片名就不难看出,这些影片多以动作、奇幻、<span style="color: black;">劫难</span>、科幻类型为主,它们以天马行空的想象力,让中国观众一次次在大银幕上感受极致震撼的视觉盛宴。从此,“视效大片”一词<span style="color: black;">起始</span><span style="color: black;">海量</span>出<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>好莱坞电影的宣传海报中并为观众所<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>说,从中国电影市场开放之初,电影视效就和“好莱坞”“动作”“科幻”“战争”“魔幻”这类词绑定在<span style="color: black;">一块</span>,并形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>根深蒂固的思维模式,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>影响到国内的电影创作者。<strong style="color: blue;">制约中国电影创作者在多元化类型片中运用数字技术的<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>,在于主流认知中“动作大片”以视觉表现力为核心,与视效的创作价值天然契合;而强调内心情感和叙事细节的影片,<span style="color: black;">必须</span>关注的是剧情和感染力,似乎很难直接被视效表现出来。加之<span style="color: black;">初期</span>中国电影特效技术的不成熟,制作镜头难以达到电影影像的审美<span style="color: black;">需求</span>和真实度,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>被冠以“虚假”的定义,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>主创团队在写实题材上对“计算影像”运用本能的回避或否定。</strong>不可否认,虚拟技术的运用在创作上更<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>难度和挑战,究其<span style="color: black;">原由</span>在于,运用数字视效创作真实的角色和场景,比仅仅满足观众前所未见的视觉刺激<span style="color: black;">必须</span>关注<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的细节,从造型、材质、光影、运动等<span style="color: black;">许多</span>方面,对视效艺术家提出了更高<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></p><span style="color: black;">早在1994年,一部《阿甘正传》(美国,1993)让好</span><span style="color: black;">莱坞的电影人<span style="color: black;">认识</span>到,数字虚拟技术<span style="color: black;">能够</span>应用于<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的类型片。电影虚拟视觉效果<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>外化和内化两种<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的形式——视觉盛宴和写实叙事:“《侏罗纪公园》(美国,1993)的视觉特技近在咫尺,庞大的角色将科幻带向前台,而《阿甘正传》却以相反及低调的方式,制作了令人察觉不到的特技,所有这些细节,看似<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用镜头<span style="color: black;">捉捕</span>到,却<span style="color: black;">没法</span>实现。”</span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;">前工业光魔总裁JimMorris<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。这个在好莱坞创作者心中的<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>共识,却<span style="color: black;">因为</span>观念、流程、技术等<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,在中国电影的视效创作中<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>止步不前,直到21世纪初,中国电影创作者才<span style="color: black;">起始</span>尝试视效内化的创作理念并付诸实践。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS6UJic1RkxORwiayZvG8nsaCbpkbeibYzTo5uIkpLbJQribgXY7icfxZyLFHHlXFd705Df0Yp83MLDntcA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">电影《涉过愤怒的海》(曹保平,2023)剧照</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">在电影工业化与科技化的发展历程中,数字视效</span><span style="color: black;">创作<span style="color: black;">始终</span>站在新技术运用的前沿,视觉效果感知<span style="color: black;">始终</span>是创作者展开叙事和推动情感的重要手段之一。<strong style="color: blue;">数字视效并非<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>视觉刺激,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>“计算影像”在电影<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的创作手段之一,与心理学、认知科学和计算机科学<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的另一个核心理念——“情感计算”息息<span style="color: black;">关联</span>。</strong>1995年,麻省理工学院<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>艺术与科学教授,麻省理工<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>实验室情感计算<span style="color: black;">科研</span>组的发起人罗莎琳·皮卡德<span style="color: black;">发布</span>的关于情感计算的论文指出:人们<span style="color: black;">科研</span>情感计算很大程度上是为了能够模拟共情——<span style="color: black;">设备</span>应该能够解释人类的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>状态,做出相适应的<span style="color: black;">行径</span>,而视觉感知是其中关键的要素之一,这应该是自然的,<span style="color: black;">很难</span>被察觉的。</span><span style="color: black;"></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">所说</span>视效的内化,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>这一理论在电影视效创作中的延伸,它<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在观众的<span style="color: black;">很难</span>察觉中推进叙事和情感的视觉效果,它与主流认知的宏大、极富视觉冲击力的视效<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,不追求惊艳的视觉效果,而探究不留痕迹的视效对电影叙事和情感的推动价值。</span></strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/DaibCau93lIcVficsvGfE3PqHiamveIE6EIBCQfA3ic9h2sthmHj0qZptUxtuJkNX9K8zQuV4rGv7t0ibGnhTlE2ib7w/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线与视觉感知的共振</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">电影叙事中,连续<span style="color: black;">持续</span>的情节转变使观众产生认</span><span style="color: black;">识转变点和<span style="color: black;">心情</span>变化点,连接起来就会形成一条有起</span><span style="color: black;">有伏的曲线——<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线。在电影叙事的创作技巧</span><span style="color: black;">中,<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线是一个被创作者<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>认同的理论,即在</span><span style="color: black;">故事线以外,另一种推动叙事发展的线索——<span style="color: black;">心情</span></span><span style="color: black;">线。优秀的曲线,代表的是完美的<span style="color: black;">或</span>接近理想的较</span><span style="color: black;">佳故事体验,这个体验<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>人类的共通性,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>说是</span><span style="color: black;">人类心智模式和心灵运作的<span style="color: black;">外边</span>影射,越接近这个曲</span><span style="color: black;">线,叙事效果越好。</span></p><span style="color: black;">与<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线相对应,电影<span style="color: black;">做为</span>动态视觉艺术,在</span><span style="color: black;">景别、运动和剪辑节奏技巧运用近百年之后,视觉感知曲线的影响被<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>认知和<span style="color: black;">注重</span>。<strong style="color: blue;">尤其是数字视效技术大规模应用于电影创作之后,其表现力<span style="color: black;">常常</span>超越<span style="color: black;">公众</span>的<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>视觉认知,借助大银幕创造沉浸式的第二空间,<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>观众愉悦、刺激、惊恐等感受,从而<span style="color: black;">作为</span><span style="color: black;">商场</span>电影<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>影响力的卖点之一。</strong>在大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>电影中,视觉感知<span style="color: black;">常常</span>能和<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线相结合,这就为<span style="color: black;">区别</span>类型的电影全面运用数字视效找到了契合点。<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线并非<span style="color: black;">无</span>规律不可捉摸,美国黑色幽默文学<span style="color: black;">表率</span>作家、<span style="color: black;">第1</span>批通过信息计算机分析故事</span><span style="color: black;">情感的学者、“情感弧线”术语的创作者库尔特·冯内古特(Kurt Vonnegut)将<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线的特征进行了归纳,其核心理念为虚拟技术<span style="color: black;">经过</span>视觉感知影响观众<span style="color: black;">心情</span>,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>为推进类型片的多元应用<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了完整的思路</span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;">:</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">一是</span></strong><span style="color: black;">从电影是技术与艺术相结合的产物<span style="color: black;">方向</span>看,</span><span style="color: black;">“故事是信息制造的幻象,来实现对人心操控的技术</span><span style="color: black;">和艺术,故事的目的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>去创造既定的心理体验过</span><span style="color: black;">程”;<strong style="color: blue;">二是</strong>从类型片的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>看,“某一类型故事的受</span><span style="color: black;">众,所消费的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>某一个既定的心理体验”;<strong style="color: blue;">三是</strong>从视</span><span style="color: black;">觉感知与<span style="color: black;">心情</span>体验<span style="color: black;">方向</span>看,“观众的心理反应是故事</span><span style="color: black;">中的核心操作,<span style="color: black;">详细</span>落在两个方面,一是认知,二是情</span><span style="color: black;">感”;<strong style="color: blue;">四是</strong>从双线同步影响观众的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>看,“认知和情</span><span style="color: black;">感是观众在观看时的一种双线同步进程,观众在阅读</span><span style="color: black;">故事的时候,头脑和感情是<span style="color: black;">同期</span>在运作的,眼睛和耳</span><span style="color: black;">朵接收到文字或视听的信息,<span style="color: black;">首要</span>会被大脑理解并产</span><span style="color: black;">生<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就产生了认知变化,并由此产生相应的情</span><span style="color: black;">感反应。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是认知在前情感在后,但这个过程比较</span><span style="color: black;">快,快到绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>人都误认为<span style="color: black;">她们</span>是同步<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的”;</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">五</span><span style="color: black;">是</span></strong><span style="color: black;">从创作者应用数字技术的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>看,“要操控观众,</span><span style="color: black;">就要预设让<span style="color: black;">她们</span>进行认知转变与身心反应的轨道。一</span><span style="color: black;">方面要设计认知<span style="color: black;">发展</span>路径,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>设计和<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>观众阅读</span><span style="color: black;">故事的<span style="color: black;">全部</span>过程中,每一个认知的生发、转变与调换,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>所<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的信息<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>汇聚释放,<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">形成</span><span style="color: black;">要求</span>和</span><span style="color: black;">前提,在故事的哪个位置;另一方面,观众的认知进</span><span style="color: black;">展和<span style="color: black;">心情</span>反应是一种双线同步进程,只要让观众的认</span><span style="color: black;">知发生了某种特定变化,就能同步唤醒他心中某种特</span><span style="color: black;">定<span style="color: black;">心情</span>和情感,在设计认知的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是在设计情感</span><span style="color: black;">反应”。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqCWxZfzNfYwExDSOrQPe9JSFe5TDxNBx13lmOOibfABFSsQic05DicnQqCw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">正是基于<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的观点,为数字虚拟技术结合视效</span><span style="color: black;">创作在《涉过愤怒的海》创作全流程的运用找到了切</span><span style="color: black;">入口。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">影片中的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>曲线由以下部分<span style="color: black;">形成</span>:<span style="color: black;">心情</span>点-情</span><span style="color: black;">绪线、程度值、时间轴、认知点-认知线。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">在电影《涉</span><span style="color: black;">过愤怒的海》中,剧情的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>点和视效的感知点分布</span><span style="color: black;">如图3,不难看出大部分<span style="color: black;">心情</span>点与视效创作的视觉高</span><span style="color: black;">潮相吻合(绿色柱体),<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>开篇<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>悬念的“衣柜自</span><span style="color: black;">残”,情节转折的“老金衣柜发疯”和<span style="color: black;">最后</span>的“真相大</span><span style="color: black;">白”等几个段落<span style="color: black;">无</span>运用数字视效技术。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqCyyJ2gtdia7wFVkHLOMFyIEZyXNdvoIgrficnl95oo02XTl1wrfccZTDg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">不难看出,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>现实主义题材,悬疑类型题材的</span><span style="color: black;">《涉过愤怒的海》,在多线并行的故事线,错综<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span></span><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>线和跌宕起伏的视觉感知线<span style="color: black;">一起</span>的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>下,讲</span><span style="color: black;">述了一个引人深思的故事,触达观众内心。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/DaibCau93lIcVficsvGfE3PqHiamveIE6EIBCQfA3ic9h2sthmHj0qZptUxtuJkNX9K8zQuV4rGv7t0ibGnhTlE2ib7w/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span></span><span style="color: black;">虚拟创作结合情感叙事的创作运用</span></p><span style="color: black;">《涉过愤怒的海》<span style="color: black;">做为</span>曹保平导演“灼心三部曲”</span><span style="color: black;">的收官之作,故事围绕老金、李苗苗、景岚、娜娜、李烈</span><span style="color: black;">等<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">名人</span>展开,在看似父亲探寻女儿死亡真相的主</span><span style="color: black;">要故事线下,埋藏的是对自恋型人格、反社会型人格、</span><span style="color: black;">控制型人格和讨好型人格的内心的剖析和揭示。<span style="color: black;">怎样</span></span><span style="color: black;">将错综<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的多线叙事和极致的内心情感外化表现,</span><span style="color: black;">是电影创作面临的<span style="color: black;">困难</span>,在<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>认知中,这类电影创</span><span style="color: black;">作与数字视效<span style="color: black;">无</span>交集,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>视觉盛宴与细腻内心刻</span><span style="color: black;">画无关。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqCk3VtkfFQfzOL9qXVjCc3FP1EK8Sg7twFic4c3yY185ATVVnGc0Xcy0A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">电影</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">《涉过愤怒的海》(曹保平,2023)剧照</span></span></strong></p><span style="color: black;">事实上,该片从开篇到结尾,数字虚拟创作全流</span><span style="color: black;">程运用视觉感知<span style="color: black;">做为</span>剧情和<span style="color: black;">心情</span>的催化剂,在凸显人</span><span style="color: black;">物性格、构建矛盾、剖析内心中发挥着<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(一)开篇:虚拟的战斗——“拼命三郎”老金的“面子”</span></strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">电影开篇<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一场实力悬殊的<span style="color: black;">格斗</span>,仅有竹竿、</span><span style="color: black;">渔网和竹筐的渔民,硬是把全副武装,且配备音爆弹</span><span style="color: black;">和催泪瓦斯的韩国海警纷纷打落海中,驾船全身而</span><span style="color: black;">退。黄渤用带有方言口音的台词和干净利落的<span style="color: black;">格斗</span>,</span><span style="color: black;">将老金(金陨石)这位“拼命三郎式”的父亲和“一呼</span><span style="color: black;">百应”的首领形象<span style="color: black;">快速</span>呈<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>观众面前。他简单直接</span><span style="color: black;">的世界观——“老子祖宗辈留下来的渔场,你们说抢</span><span style="color: black;">救抢啊”和粗暴直接的领导力——“愣着干什么,把他</span><span style="color: black;">扔到海里去”,将<span style="color: black;">名人</span>形象刻画得入木三分。</span><span style="color: black;">与之对抗的实力彰显——韩国海警的装备精良与</span><span style="color: black;">热武器效果,则由数字视效来完成。在剧情尚未展开</span><span style="color: black;">叙述之前,长镜头快艇追逐、一枚枚音爆弹在渔船上</span><span style="color: black;">炸出的浓烟、韩国海警身上的火苗等镜头,都营造了</span><span style="color: black;">紧张激烈的气氛,将观众的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>引导入慌乱、嘈杂的</span><span style="color: black;">氛围中,为全片打下了<span style="color: black;">心情</span>基调。在该场结尾,老金后</span><span style="color: black;">知后觉地从脸上拔下运用特效<span style="color: black;">打扮</span>技术制作的音爆</span><span style="color: black;">弹炸碎玻璃碎片,暗喻了老金的“面子”,与后续剧情</span><span style="color: black;">产生呼应。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">(二)转折:面对数字化列车——老金“怂”了</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">老金与李苗苗的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>次见面是从被<span style="color: black;">诈骗</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>的,</span><span style="color: black;">直到老金在傻等几个小时以后,在手机上看到李苗苗</span><span style="color: black;">的照片,才幡然醒悟追到<span style="color: black;">轻轨</span>站。<span style="color: black;">第1</span>重死亡袭来,手</span><span style="color: black;">机里传来娜娜去世的噩耗尚未平复;第二重死亡接踵</span><span style="color: black;">而至,面对追凶时迎面而来的<span style="color: black;">轻轨</span>,老金“怂了”。真</span><span style="color: black;">正打击老金自尊心的是从<span style="color: black;">上当</span>到“怂”,这是女儿去世</span><span style="color: black;">之外的另一重打击——“我老金的女儿被人办了。这是</span><span style="color: black;">个笑话!”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqCfvysdibm00l4As4FYG3X2vqgXZlvNbyVjjwvp3bBzcdcF7snqgjTR7Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">漆黑的地下轨道、数字化的列车、刺目的灯光,数</span><span style="color: black;">字视效营造的无尽<span style="color: black;">阴暗</span>与面对死亡的冲击,老金在面</span><span style="color: black;">对韩国海警时何等威风,但面对女儿的死讯和列车迎</span><span style="color: black;">面而来那道光时,老金“怂了”。</span><span style="color: black;">这一“怂”是被李苗苗</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">诈骗</span>和引导<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,此刻,老金坚信李苗苗是杀害自己</span><span style="color: black;">女儿的凶手,观众<span style="color: black;">亦</span>信了。视效后深层的</span><span style="color: black;">视觉感知引导老金,更引导</span><span style="color: black;">了观众对故事的认知和<span style="color: black;">心情</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqC5X42Aobc8LRYx4a94m44vytcp6rZnWcGBkDOJAjeD5pYFhPpicicRKsA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(三)寻觅:“真实”的高楼坠落——“异类分子”李苗苗的“是非观”</span></strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">被李苗苗戏耍后逃脱,被景岚几句话就<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>,被</span><span style="color: black;">拘留,“失败”的老金在浑浑噩噩时依靠警察的同情心</span><span style="color: black;">换来参加女儿葬礼的机会。当他在出租车上看到熙熙</span><span style="color: black;">攘攘的Cosplay人群时,仿佛面对的是另一个世界,那</span><span style="color: black;">个世界链接着女儿,但对他<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,是如此的陌生和不</span><span style="color: black;">可理解,充斥着老金大脑的<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>Cosplay展馆内的嘈</span><span style="color: black;">杂和面具<span style="color: black;">形成</span>的“牛鬼蛇神”。数字视效正是要<span style="color: black;">经过</span></span><span style="color: black;">制作无数李苗苗的“分身”来嘲笑、迷惑老金。</span><span style="color: black;">在老金</span><span style="color: black;">眼里,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>都<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,真实又虚幻,忽远忽近;</span><span style="color: black;">在老金眼</span><span style="color: black;">里,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>全是符号,都指向一个<span style="color: black;">目的</span>——李苗苗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqCBrOWNo69iasAWjQ65oa9yvKG6VFM12CTRiaLlUus5enazGsVslkHlHqw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">李苗苗的反社会型人格,并不是<span style="color: black;">表现</span>在<span style="color: black;">所说</span>的</span><span style="color: black;">“Cosplay”领队身份上,他<span style="color: black;">表率</span>的只是脱离现实,沉</span><span style="color: black;">浸在自我认知世界的一种表象。</span><span style="color: black;">李苗苗真正的内心,</span><span style="color: black;">是对<span style="color: black;">所说</span>“对错”的逆化。</span><span style="color: black;">当老金在天台把他逼到边</span><span style="color: black;">缘时,他下跪求饶,但当情势逆转,老金掉下屋檐命悬</span><span style="color: black;">一线时,他又起了杀心:</span><span style="color: black;">“好人总是觉得<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>是对</span><span style="color: black;">的,可万一错了呢,你不<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">暴徒</span>了吗?</span><span style="color: black;">”气氛是烘托</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心情</span>的利器,数字特效制作的漫天乌云,<span style="color: black;">不仅</span>是“山</span><span style="color: black;">雨欲来风满楼”的剧情铺垫,<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>李苗苗<span style="color: black;">暗淡</span>又<span style="color: black;">拥有</span></span><span style="color: black;">破坏欲的世界观的印证。</span><span style="color: black;">数字影像不仅在技术上克服</span><span style="color: black;">了外景天气难以<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>的问题,更重要的是对环境气氛</span><span style="color: black;">的营造,恰如其分地在观众不知不觉中,渲染了气氛,</span><span style="color: black;">完成下一场全片高潮戏的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>铺垫。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(四)低谷:地下室“纵火”——“困兽”老金的搏命与无奈</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">抓不住一个乳臭未干的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>,又被一个<span style="color: black;">女性</span>关在了</span><span style="color: black;">地下室,老金<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一只“困兽”。</span><span style="color: black;">他只能嘶吼,一次次地</span><span style="color: black;">拍打紧锁的门,却<span style="color: black;">没法</span>挣脱。</span><span style="color: black;">而李苗苗留在门上指尖</span><span style="color: black;">划痕的声音与口哨声,让老金彻底癫狂。</span><span style="color: black;">无尽的挫败</span><span style="color: black;">感<span style="color: black;">促进</span>他以自毁式的举动来做最后一搏,看似勇猛,</span><span style="color: black;">实则软弱。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不是景岚凭着最后的良知打开了门,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>等待老金的,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>窒息、烈焰和一场失败者的自我<span style="color: black;">损伤</span></span><span style="color: black;">。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/JmqPNiakLcS7t6Dua7oWJ1L9GuwPTvrqCoNHx7WDIZLibOzyEOaRV3DjXC3Xu2DyDRUK9amLnogfnbibP8vJ6X3eg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">数字特效制作的浓烟和烈焰,看似老金手中强大</span><span style="color: black;">的武器,实则如老金内心的无名之火,它能毁灭一切,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">包含</span>老金自己。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(五)高潮:鱼雨追逐的“视觉奇观”——“命运交叉口”三人的疯狂</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">从某种<span style="color: black;">道理</span>上说,《涉过愤怒的海》是围绕老金、</span><span style="color: black;">李苗苗和景岚三人展开的故事,而三人最激烈的一次</span><span style="color: black;">碰撞,<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在一个充满偶然和荒诞的场合——龙卷风</span><span style="color: black;">卷起鱼雨下的跨海高速的十字路口。</span><span style="color: black;">三重偶然塑造</span><span style="color: black;">这次碰撞:</span><span style="color: black;">“意外相遇”“龙卷鱼雨”“十字路口”。</span><span style="color: black;">老</span><span style="color: black;">金被带回警局,和景岚走的竟然是同一条路线;</span><span style="color: black;">龙卷</span><span style="color: black;">风带起的鱼,如下雨般地落到跨海大桥上;</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">暴风</span>暴雨</span><span style="color: black;">中的李苗苗,去机场时和母亲的车在同一十字路口相</span><span style="color: black;">撞。</span><span style="color: black;">老金舍命追凶,景岚机关算尽,李苗苗肆意妄为,</span><span style="color: black;">却又冥冥之中逃脱不开命运,戏剧性较强的剧情设</span><span style="color: black;">计,构建了偶然与必然的反差与勾连。</span><span style="color: black;">“鱼雨追逐”<span style="color: black;">做为</span>全片荒诞和激烈的戏份,在视</span><span style="color: black;">效创作伊始就面临挑战。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“天上下鱼雨”的画面本身就</span><span style="color: black;">脱离了<span style="color: black;">公众</span>的<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>认知,难以让观众信服,剧情的多</span><span style="color: black;">重巧合设计,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>让观众难免产生<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>,但艺术创作的</span><span style="color: black;">夸张,又能将三种极致人格的碰撞表现得淋漓尽致。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">正是<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的不真实感,造就了该片特殊的影像语言风</span><span style="color: black;">格。</span><span style="color: black;">数字视效<span style="color: black;">必须</span>在视觉上既营造视觉冲击力,又让</span><span style="color: black;">观众信服,视效的外化与内化,竟然在这场戏中“碰</span><span style="color: black;">撞”了。</span><span style="color: black;">为了跨越这个挑战,从创作伊始视效团队就<span style="color: black;">起始</span></span><span style="color: black;">了确立的全流程视效创作的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>。<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>是对剧本分析,运用数字化空间模拟、计算三车的行进时间点、设计精确的行车路线,从时间和空间的感知上给观众营造真实世界的底层构架;<span style="color: black;">从而</span>运用动作<span style="color: black;">捉捕</span>和三维动画技术,运用后期前置的理念进行细致的数字化预演(Previz)工作</strong></span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;">,将剧本进行影像化拆解分析,将剧情推进和剪辑节奏精确到帧完场剪辑,并在反复修改中确定冲突点;除此以外,本场戏还面临跨海大桥拍摄地点的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>、雨中高速公路追车拍摄、鱼被碾压后湿滑<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的车辆漂移、三车相撞的真实效果等制片和实拍环节的挑战。视效团队运用Previz软件制作完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>技术预演(Techviz),将技术<span style="color: black;">困难</span>一一拆解并提出<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">方法</span>,<span style="color: black;">供给</span>给摄影、美术、制片团队细化拍</span><span style="color: black;">摄<span style="color: black;">方法</span>。在实拍<span style="color: black;">周期</span>,剧组严格<span style="color: black;">根据</span>Previz的画面和Techviz的<span style="color: black;">方法</span>进行拍摄,<span style="color: black;">最后</span>完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>此次充满挑战的拍摄。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">数字视效的价值在于影片画面不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span>被拍摄出</span><span style="color: black;">来,更能被算法计算出来。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>现实<span style="color: black;">要求</span>的制约——无</span><span style="color: black;">法在跨海大桥上封闭拍摄、<span style="color: black;">没法</span>在龙卷风暴雨的环境</span><span style="color: black;">下在高速公路拍摄、<span style="color: black;">没法</span>运用数十吨的鱼倾倒在路面</span><span style="color: black;">上进行拍摄。</span><span style="color: black;">视效团队运用数字扫描技术和计算机三</span><span style="color: black;">维<span style="color: black;">影像</span>技术制作了完整的跨海大桥、漫天的鱼雨和车</span><span style="color: black;">辆碰撞的完整过程。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">数字虚拟空间视效的另一大优点</span><span style="color: black;">是虚拟摄影机几乎<span style="color: black;">能够</span>无限制地运动,从而能让导演</span><span style="color: black;">和摄影<span style="color: black;">指点</span>充分运用多视角拍摄、大范围镜头调度的</span><span style="color: black;">综合运动手法,来营造激烈的节奏,凸显矛盾冲突。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">使</span><span style="color: black;">观众在目不暇接的穿插转换之中,被带入<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>矛盾冲</span><span style="color: black;">突且荒诞的剧情场景世界。</span><span style="color: black;">“鱼雨追逐”这场戏,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>全片视觉冲突的高潮,</span><span style="color: black;">真正在犯罪悬疑类型电影创作中运用了全流程数字</span><span style="color: black;">化的理念。</span><span style="color: black;">科学的流程与艺术创作相结合,在剧情的</span><span style="color: black;">“虚假”和影像的“真实”之间,形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>巧妙的转换与</span><span style="color: black;">平衡。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(六)意外:“一镜到底”的真相——追凶的兴奋与狂放</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">身心疲惫的老金尚未从撞车后的眩晕中完全清醒,</span><span style="color: black;">又意外找到了苦寻已久的李苗苗,这一份意外的惊喜,</span><span style="color: black;">让老金焦虑、无奈、狂暴,自我否定<span style="color: black;">心情</span>彻底释放。</span><span style="color: black;">整</span><span style="color: black;">个段落<span style="color: black;">无</span>一句台词,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>老金癫狂的笑声、景岚声</span><span style="color: black;">嘶力竭的哭喊和李苗苗痛苦的呻吟!</span><span style="color: black;">一镜到底的摄影机运动,将眩晕癫狂的气氛发</span><span style="color: black;">挥得淋漓尽致。</span><span style="color: black;">长达三分半钟的摇晃运动镜头,对数</span><span style="color: black;">字视效的高精度运动<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>提出了巨大的挑战。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">晃动镜</span><span style="color: black;">头带来的运动模糊,使数字软件很难找到准确的<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span></span><span style="color: black;">信息,完成数字元素的匹配,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>精确到<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>像素的</span><span style="color: black;">结算分析,得以让计算机解算的漫天乌云在雨后微吐</span><span style="color: black;">的一缕阳光,象征着老金此刻阴郁又兴奋的心情。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">地</span><span style="color: black;">面布满垂死挣扎的数字三维鱼,又何尝不是与经过坠</span><span style="color: black;">落的猛烈撞击后,李苗苗的垂死挣扎相辅相成。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(七)复仇,悬崖高空“坠车”——“母狼”景岚的愤怒与绝望</span></strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">景岚面对李烈的跟踪时曾丢下过一句:“你就当</span><span style="color: black;">碰上一只母狼,逼急了我是要见血的!</span><span style="color: black;">”充分<span style="color: black;">表现</span>了景</span><span style="color: black;">岚<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>欲极强的性格和母亲<span style="color: black;">守护</span>儿子的决绝。</span><span style="color: black;">而老金</span><span style="color: black;">从困在车内的景岚面前带走李苗苗时,困兽的角色易</span><span style="color: black;">主,景岚<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>那头被困住的母狼。</span><span style="color: black;">抱着一丝<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>,这头</span><span style="color: black;">母狼违心地在警局撤销指控,放走老金,为的是儿子</span><span style="color: black;">生还的那一线<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">当老金带景岚到海边工棚,从海</span><span style="color: black;">岸峭壁丢给景岚儿子的“遗物”时,这头“母狼”彻底绝</span><span style="color: black;">望了——她要复仇!</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">于是,占尽<span style="color: black;">优良</span>的景岚再次<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>了现场的主动</span><span style="color: black;">权,在传统视效与数字视效的<span style="color: black;">一起</span>创作下,景岚驾驶</span><span style="color: black;">越野车一次次撞向老金,而当面对悬崖,老金命悬一</span><span style="color: black;">线时,景岚更是占据复仇的主动地位,但在那一刻,她</span><span style="color: black;">义无反顾地<span style="color: black;">选取</span>冲出悬崖,<span style="color: black;">选取</span>同归于尽,这份决绝,</span><span style="color: black;">是失去儿子后人生再无留恋的失落,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是她掌控一切</span><span style="color: black;">彻底失败后的绝望。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(八)惊讶:数字蜻蜓的诅咒——“借刀杀人”李烈的伤疤</span></strong><span style="color: black;">“懦弱”的李烈看似从未赢过,但暗中的他<span style="color: black;">一样</span></span><span style="color: black;">像一只狡诈的狐狸。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">做为</span>李苗苗的生父,他对儿子爱</span><span style="color: black;">恨相交的矛盾心理,使他<span style="color: black;">始终</span><span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>在幕后。</span><span style="color: black;">但儿子</span><span style="color: black;">虐待动物和自虐倾向、刻意制造同父异</span><span style="color: black;">母<span style="color: black;">mm</span>的蹦床意外所带来的愤怒,<span style="color: black;">始终</span>压抑在李烈的</span><span style="color: black;">内心,如火、似刀。</span><span style="color: black;">直到李苗苗在<span style="color: black;">mm</span>生日“恶作剧”</span><span style="color: black;">式的强酸小丑礼物,彻底让李烈这只老狐狸动了歹心。</span><span style="color: black;">他要找刀,而老金<span style="color: black;">便是</span>那柄送上门来的刀。</span><span style="color: black;">渔船上的</span><span style="color: black;">他,<span style="color: black;">最后</span>被老金戳穿了阴谋和隐痛,从<span style="color: black;">暗淡</span>的幕后冲</span><span style="color: black;">到了残杀的前台!</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">大部分观众都忽略了“渔船揭秘”这场戏的另一</span><span style="color: black;">个<span style="color: black;">重点</span>角色——蜻蜓。</span><span style="color: black;">这个角色可谓妙手偶得,当剧</span><span style="color: black;">组在离海岸几十海里的渔船上拍摄时,莫名而来时有</span><span style="color: black;">时无的雾气和几只飞入镜头的蜻蜓,让主创们惊讶不</span><span style="color: black;">已——蜻蜓是怎么飞到几十海里之外的?</span><span style="color: black;">它们吃什么?</span><span style="color: black;">怎么<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>?</span><span style="color: black;">在哪里停留?</span><span style="color: black;">既然眼前的这些是真实的,导</span><span style="color: black;">演决定将它们留在镜头中。</span><span style="color: black;">视效制作伊始,导演仅<span style="color: black;">需求</span>视效团队在<span style="color: black;">无</span>蜻蜓</span><span style="color: black;">的镜头中加入数字形象,以完成镜头衔接的流畅和叙</span><span style="color: black;">事的连贯。</span><span style="color: black;">但视效<span style="color: black;">指点</span>思考的是,<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>让观众相信眼</span><span style="color: black;">前的一切,并推动剧情的发展和<span style="color: black;">心情</span>的碰撞。</span><span style="color: black;">蜻蜓,给</span><span style="color: black;">了一个绝佳的视效内化契机。于是,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">视效<span style="color: black;">指点</span>提出了从</span><span style="color: black;">现实空间到意象空间的创作思路,即当老金一次次揭</span><span style="color: black;">开李烈内心的伤疤时,画面中的蜻蜓<span style="color: black;">逐步</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>,将镜</span><span style="color: black;">头语言<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>从现实场景引向李烈的内心<span style="color: black;">心情</span>,无数蜻</span><span style="color: black;">蜓振翅的嗡嗡声如同咒语,在李烈的耳边反复萦绕,</span><span style="color: black;">如同这十几年来<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>不眠的夜晚和噩梦。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">而画面中始</span><span style="color: black;">终有一只清晰的红蜻蜓,挥之不去地紧紧贴在李烈耳</span><span style="color: black;">畔飞舞,正是李苗苗“炸青蛙”后停留在青蛙尸体上的</span><span style="color: black;">那一只妖异的红蜻蜓,是李苗苗形象的外化,如鬼魅</span><span style="color: black;">般紧贴在李烈的心头。<span style="color: black;">最后</span>,李烈这只老狐狸<span style="color: black;">最终</span>按</span><span style="color: black;">捺不住,暴起害人!</span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span></span></strong></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">心情</span>线和视觉感知线的交叉创作</strong></p><span style="color: black;">曹保平导演的“灼心系列”电影,<span style="color: black;">始终</span>有着极强的现实主义风格特征,在看似平实的影像表面之下,<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>着的则是<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的人性和冲突。他<span style="color: black;">始终</span>在该系列电影的创作中,思考<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>打破中国电影对数字虚拟</span><span style="color: black;">技术多元化类型片运用的固有思维这一课题,并在</span><span style="color: black;">《涉过愤怒的海》中的全流程虚拟创作中进行了大</span><span style="color: black;">胆的尝试和突破。一方面,它遵循电影工业化全流程</span><span style="color: black;">的理念,从创作上<span style="color: black;">保持</span>从“分析设计——Previz——</span><span style="color: black;">Techviz——现场拍摄——后期制作”的全流程入手,<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>主创构建规范的制片拍摄体系</span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;">;另一方面,又从“鱼雨”“蜻蜓”这些看似无足轻重的数字角色为切入点,展开对剧情叙事的推动和内心冲突的外化视觉呈现。优秀的剧情源自对内心细节的<span style="color: black;">精细</span>呈现——谓之外化,成功的视效<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>在<span style="color: black;">没法</span>察觉的叙事之中——谓之内化,外化与内化,相辅相成,相互转换,方才<span style="color: black;">形成</span>完整的叙事技巧和表现内核。</span><span style="color: black;">在大部分<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,现实主义题材电影关注细腻微</span><span style="color: black;">妙的情感变化,是内化的,而电影视效<span style="color: black;">导致</span>视觉奇观的</span><span style="color: black;">属性,是外化的。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在《涉过愤怒的海》创作中,老金、</span><span style="color: black;">李苗苗极致的<span style="color: black;">扮演</span>将<span style="color: black;">心情</span>外化,而视效则反其道而行</span><span style="color: black;">之,更为关注细节的真实和氛围的营造。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">在这个逆向</span><span style="color: black;">的双线合璧中,创作出更具表现力和风格化的故事和</span><span style="color: black;">情感。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>数字视效在该类型电影中的创新性运用,</span><span style="color: black;">既是一次中国电影全流程数字化创作的尝试,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>为人</span><span style="color: black;">工智能和虚拟制片技术在电影工业化体系中的实践研</span><span style="color: black;">究打下了<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。</span></strong><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结 语</span></p><span style="color: black;">近年,以Google、OpenAI<span style="color: black;">机构</span>为<span style="color: black;">表率</span>的人工智能正从“模拟世界”转向对人类感知、情感的进化,首当其冲的便是人工智能内容生成(AIGC)对影像<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的突破和创新,<span style="color: black;">从而</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>影响到电影创作<span style="color: black;">行业</span>。视效<span style="color: black;">做为</span>电影工业最接近数字科技的环节,在今后<span style="color: black;">亦</span>必然<span style="color: black;">作为</span>率先应用AIGC技术的环节。<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>将人工智能技术更好地应用到电影的创作中,视觉感知曲线与情感的结合或许是一个可行的切入口。</strong></span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">参考文献:</strong></span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> Jean Baudrillard.Simulacres and Simulation.The University of Michigan Press,1993:5-6,31,122.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">制作 | 韦 露</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">一审 | <strong style="color: blue;">蒲华睿</strong></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 李 俊</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">二审 | <strong style="color: blue;">申云帆</strong></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">三审 | 曾 珍</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">终审 | 常 勇</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">源自</span>:《电影评介》2024年第8期</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">《电影评介》1979年创刊</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">影视类学术期刊</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中国知网点击率名列前茅</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">国家<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>出版广电总局“双效期刊”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">全国中文核心期刊</span></strong></span></p>
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