ikkhksvu 发表于 2024-8-18 16:58:19

当学生运用人工智能写作时,咱们会得到什么,会失去什么?


    <h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">当学生<span style="color: black;">运用</span>人工智能写作时,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>会得到什么,会失去什么?</span></strong></h1><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">作者:</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Tony Wan</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2024年4月24日</span></strong>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/pU0qdNCoqYWAdsDUlsUib5KpqFjBDbARd91I8EEpS2zt0cvrO1bcYAX7Id3xMHFVuXfy32ZmH8uXNbdE7W86MTg/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>一棵树倒在森林里而<span style="color: black;">无</span>人听到,它会发出声音吗?</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>一个学生<span style="color: black;">运用</span>人工智能写作而<span style="color: black;">无</span>人<span style="color: black;">重视</span>到,这有什么关系吗?</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">我承认:<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一名以写<span style="color: black;">做为</span>职业的</span> <span style="color: black;">EdSurge 前记者,后一个问题对我<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>很难问。但人工智能写作正在跨行业激增。营销人员将其用于<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>文案;金融分析师</span></span><span style="color: black;">用其</span><span style="color: black;">综合信息</span><span style="color: black;">。超过</span><span style="color: black;">五分之四的教师</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">运用</span>过</span> <span style="color: black;">ChatGPT。即使在对人类原创性有严格标准的行业中,人工智能<span style="color: black;">亦</span>正在取得<span style="color: black;">发展</span>。日本著名文学奖的<span style="color: black;">得到</span>者</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">运用</span></span> <span style="color: black;">ChatGPT 撰写了她小说的一部分</span></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">正如<span style="color: black;">商场</span>世界的技术工具</span><span style="color: black;">——笔记本电脑、智能手机和互联网——进入了课堂<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,生成式人工智能<span style="color: black;">亦</span>进入了课堂。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>学校的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>之一是让<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>们为以后的生活做好准备,<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>让<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>们为这个新世界做好准备,尤其是在学生写作能力仍然令人担忧的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下?</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">去年,德克萨斯州几乎一半的四年级学生在州写作考试中</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">得分为零。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当突破性技术进入学校时,旧技能和习惯就会被新技能和习惯所取代。有些<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>可能不会太怀念,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>草书。其他便利是有代价的:键盘打字在很大程度上取代了手写,尽管<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>后者更有</span><span style="color: black;">利于记忆和学习</span><span style="color: black;">(以及腕骨灵活性)。尽管<span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的眼睛都盯着屏幕,但阅读印刷品比阅读数字文本更能</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">加强</span>理解力。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>当学生<span style="color: black;">运用</span>人工智能写作时,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>得到了什么,失去了什么?</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这是一个非常现实的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>:</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>可能会<span style="color: black;">起始</span>依赖生成式人工智能,以至于它完全取代了<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的思维。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>许多人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>写作是最残酷的思维练习。它反映并测试<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的假设,推动<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>完善<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的想法并<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>新的想法。它把<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>引向兔子洞,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>从中爬回来。它<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>将各个点联系起来,思考什么有<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,什么<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>,在想法和证据之间进行转换,并<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>什么是可行的,什么是不可行的。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当人工智能被用作捷径时,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>会失去<span style="color: black;">有些</span>肌肉,尽管构建它们是痛苦的。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>正在成长的<span style="color: black;">青年</span>作家<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,这可能是一个重大挫折。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然而,并非写作过程的<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>部分都<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">一样</span>的压力。例如,<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">哪些</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>写作来发展思维的学生<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,更重要的是内容而不是风格。<span style="color: black;">一般</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>自己想说</span><span style="color: black;">什么</span><span style="color: black;">之前,<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>地担心自己要</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>说。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在卡内基梅隆大学,一组</span><span style="color: black;">英语</span><span style="color: black;">教授</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">提出<span style="color: black;">运用</span></span><span style="color: black;">“受约束的生成式人工智能”的概念来<span style="color: black;">研发</span>用于写作<span style="color: black;">教育</span>的工具。这种<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">触及</span><span style="color: black;">创立</span>护栏,<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>学生<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>地关注高阶思维和论点的核心,而不必担心精确的句子结构。例如,其中一个功能是将学生的笔记转换为粗略的散文,而不<span style="color: black;">插进</span>想法和观点,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>散文的质量就反映了笔记的质量。这是一个新颖的概念,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>“人工智能限制”能够与年级写作标准保持一致,就有可能<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">青年</span>的学生。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然而,构建句子的每一个小元认知<span style="color: black;">行径</span>都反映了有价值的思考。例如,<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>连词(</span><span style="color: black;">ifs、buts 和 thens)是<span style="color: black;">规律</span>推理的一项重要练习。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>应该将多少外包给人工智能?太多了,写作体验可能会感觉像是像 MadLibs 一样的填空练习。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">把握</span>写作技巧和精心论证不仅<span style="color: black;">必须</span>练习,还<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span>。当老师<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>学生<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>的<span style="color: black;">困难</span>并<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>找到<span style="color: black;">哪些</span></span><span style="color: black;">“啊哈!”时,最具影响力的学习经历就<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了。一切都顺利的时刻。但时间——<span style="color: black;">或</span>更确切地说,缺乏时间——自然限制了<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>多少反馈,以及<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>经历多少次写作周期。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">人工智能<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>写作<span style="color: black;">教育</span>的一种方式是:</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">缩短教师在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>写作过程(计划、起草、修改、编辑、出版)<span style="color: black;">供给</span>反馈所需的时间,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>学生就<span style="color: black;">再也不</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>等待数天或<span style="color: black;">几周</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>走在正确的轨道上。<span style="color: black;">有些</span>工具<span style="color: black;">准许</span>教师设置一个标准来<span style="color: black;">指点</span>人工智能<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的成绩和反馈。这个想法是人工智能<span style="color: black;">能够</span>处理<span style="color: black;">有些</span>基本的反馈</span><span style="color: black;">——语法、句法、措辞——<span style="color: black;">这般</span>教师就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>专注于其他重要<span style="color: black;">行业</span>。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然而,它<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有局限性:</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>一项关于</span> <span style="color: black;">ChatGPT 的<span style="color: black;">科研</span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,它</span><span style="color: black;">“在为学生论文分配<span style="color: black;">最后</span>整体分数方面<span style="color: black;">能够</span>与人类相媲美,但它很难识别和<span style="color: black;">评定</span>议论文的结构部分。”</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这凸显了教师在这一过程中的重要性。虽然人工智能可能能够<span style="color: black;">按照</span>某个标准<span style="color: black;">供给</span></span><span style="color: black;">良好的反馈,但出色的</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">反馈会<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>到<span style="color: black;">相关</span>学生背景、知识和经验的更广泛背景</span><span style="color: black;">——人工智能很难比老师更<span style="color: black;">认识</span>这些事情。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">人工智能给教育提出了许多存在主义问题,今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>有理由问:</span><span style="color: black;">“这份作业是人工智能写的吗?”懒惰复制粘贴的例子有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>,不仅在家庭作业和</span></span><span style="color: black;">大学入学论文</span><span style="color: black;">中,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>在</span><span style="color: black;">学术<span style="color: black;">科研</span></span><span style="color: black;">中<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是如此。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>的现实是,无论有<span style="color: black;">无</span>数字人工智能检测工具的<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的人类人工智能废话探测器<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>全面戒备状态。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但这个问题可能<span style="color: black;">火速</span>就会像询问某人<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>互联网寻求<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">同样</span><span style="color: black;">不是时候</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">为何</span>学生要用人工智能来写这个?”<span style="color: black;">针对</span>教师<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,更好的问题是“<span style="color: black;">她们</span>在这个过程中<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>与人工智能互动?”正如<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>学生验证<span style="color: black;">她们</span>在网络上找到的信息<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>具备质疑、<span style="color: black;">评定</span>和完善人工智能<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的技能和<span style="color: black;">自信心</span>。这是<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>和数字素养的下一个前沿。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">教授这些技能将是教师的一项重要任务,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">她们</span>非常适合的任务。在<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>下,学生<span style="color: black;">能够</span>学习以深思熟虑的方式整合人工智能,以<span style="color: black;">保存</span>人类的思维和能动性。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Tony Wan 是 Reach Capital 平台负责人,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是 EdSurge 的前执行编辑。</span></strong></p>




流星的美 发表于 2024-8-27 20:20:50

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