nykek5i 发表于 2024-5-20 16:51:36

癌症初期到底有没先兆?肿瘤医生:身体这15个表现要尤为注意!

本文转载自:健康时报(jksb2013)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人总说自己在不知不觉中就患癌了,到了医院一查<span style="color: black;">便是</span>癌症晚期,痛不欲生。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实,癌症并不是一蹴而就的。<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>癌症<span style="color: black;">出现</span>发展过程<span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌前病变、原位癌和浸润癌,从正常细胞发展到癌细胞需十几年的时间,只是你没能及早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,把癌症扼杀在摇篮里。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>都<span style="color: black;">说到</span>过,一大部分的癌症,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>都会有征兆,但<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人<span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">忽略</span><span style="color: black;">或</span>并未联想到癌症,<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>了身体给你发出的警告。对付癌症最好的<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>在癌症<span style="color: black;">初期</span>就<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>它,越早进行治疗和<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>,疗效越好。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-ecd0d1b2317f51e37b38d1634ff69317_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>资料图,陈彬/摄<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>:这15个身体表现请牢记在心!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">患上癌症后,身体会有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>表现?2021年8月厦门大学<span style="color: black;">附庸</span>中山医院肿瘤科副<span style="color: black;">专家</span>医师潘战和在其<span style="color: black;">微X</span>公号上<span style="color: black;">发帖</span>提醒,身体<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这15个表现要<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>了,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>牢记在心!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1. 身体<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肿块、结节——三招<span style="color: black;">能够</span>初判断</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">身体某部位<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肿块结节,<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个可能会想到的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>肿瘤。但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不必恐慌,肿块结节不<span style="color: black;">必定</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>癌症,它<span style="color: black;">能够</span>是非肿瘤性的(<span style="color: black;">例如</span>炎性包块),<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能是良性肿瘤。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>肿块结节,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>对它做一个初步的判断:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一看<span style="color: black;">体积</span>。越小的结节概率上越倾向良性,当然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>并非绝对,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>随访复查;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>结节超过1cm则更要<span style="color: black;">注意</span>。除了<span style="color: black;">体积</span>本身,<span style="color: black;">体积</span>的变化趋势和速度<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>参考价值,<span style="color: black;">连续</span>增大<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是增大<span style="color: black;">快速</span>的结节倾向恶性可能,要<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">注意</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二看质地。质软或囊性肿块,倾向于良性,质硬、固定或实性肿块,倾向恶性可能,但淋巴瘤的肿大淋巴结摸起来质韧。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">三看边界和活动度。良性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">一般</span>边界清,活动度较好;恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">都数</span>边界不清,与<span style="color: black;">周边</span>组织<span style="color: black;">常常</span>粘连或融合,活动度较差。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2. 身体<span style="color: black;">连续</span>非外伤<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>——切忌<span style="color: black;">乱用</span>止痛药</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">都数</span>人都经历过<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>,<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span>的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个反应<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是用止痛药,这其实会掩盖病情,应该先想一想可能是什么<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>身体某个部位<span style="color: black;">显现</span>非外伤<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的、<span style="color: black;">原由</span>不明的<span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>,应去医院查明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3. <span style="color: black;">显现</span>长治不愈的咳嗽——<span style="color: black;">重要</span>要查咳嗽因</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大众</span>对咳嗽见怪不怪,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会太<span style="color: black;">注意</span>。有的人遇到咳嗽就止咳,其实更<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是要弄清楚咳嗽的病因。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>久治不愈的咳嗽或痰中带血,尤其是<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吸烟者,应<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肺癌等的可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4. <span style="color: black;">显现</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>总发烧——可能是癌症元凶</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">显现</span>发烧,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">想要</span>的是什么<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>的发烧,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>发烧<span style="color: black;">原由</span>不明,且<span style="color: black;">连续</span>存在,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>癌症可能,尽早进行<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5. 莫名<span style="color: black;">显现</span>消瘦和疲乏——<span style="color: black;">原由</span>或许在癌症</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>主动进行<span style="color: black;">减肥</span>煅炼,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>刻意节食,体重却不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>下降或进行性消瘦,或伴厌食、乏力、易疲劳等,要查明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,消瘦和疲乏<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能是癌症的表现之一。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6. 明明<span style="color: black;">无</span>外伤却<span style="color: black;">流血</span>——<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>癌症找上门</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">非外伤性<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>,便血或呕血,要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>排除肠癌、胃癌可能;咳血、痰中带血要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肺癌;不规律阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>或非<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>期<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,可能与子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌等妇科肿瘤<span style="color: black;">相关</span>;<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性血尿或伴排尿困难,小心泌尿系肿瘤;非外伤鼻<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>排除鼻咽癌可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7. <span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>的消化<span style="color: black;">反常</span>——莫要大意当胃病</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">消化不良、食欲不振<span style="color: black;">都数</span>人只是短暂一过性的,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>消化不良<span style="color: black;">连续</span>存在,或伴反酸烧心,上腹闷痛不适,不<span style="color: black;">想要</span>当然认为是<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的“胃病”,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>胃癌或食管癌等的可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8. 吞咽<span style="color: black;">食品</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>梗阻感——尽早<span style="color: black;">看病</span>找<span style="color: black;">原由</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">摄食</span>时有胸骨后闷胀感或胸骨后面的烧灼感,胸骨后<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>,<span style="color: black;">或</span>感觉食管内异物感,尤其是进行性加重的吞咽食物梗阻感,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>食管癌、喉癌等的可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9. 声音嘶哑<span style="color: black;">连续</span>难恢复——喉返神经受侵压</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">短暂的声嘶可能<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人都曾有过,但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>声嘶难于恢复<span style="color: black;">连续</span>时间较久,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>喉癌、肺癌等侵犯或压迫喉返神经的可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">10. 大便习惯、性状状变——小心肠癌已上身</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大便习惯、次数或性状<span style="color: black;">出现</span>改变(大便外形变细、大便带脓、血、粘液等)或便秘与腹泻交替,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>大肠癌,尽早到医院<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11. <span style="color: black;">显现</span>白斑或是癌前病——增大灼痒疑癌变</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">口腔粘膜白斑、女性外阴或男性阴茎龟头白斑<span style="color: black;">快速</span>扩大伴灼痒感,应<span style="color: black;">重视</span>排除癌变。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">12. 黑痣<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>增大色改变——可能是黑色素瘤</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">黑痣<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人都有,但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>黑痣<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>增大、或边缘变得不规则、或颜色<span style="color: black;">出现</span>改变、或<span style="color: black;">显现</span>破溃<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、或灼痒疼痛、痣上原有的毛发脱落,要<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>黑色素瘤可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">13. <span style="color: black;">显现</span>自发病理性骨折——恶性肿瘤破坏骨</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>外力或仅有轻微外力<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,很容易就<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的骨折,可能是病理性骨折,应<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>骨恶性肿瘤。青少年<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>非外伤性关节处<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>肿胀,要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>排查白血病。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">14. 溃疡伤口<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>不自愈——或是癌症捣的乱</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>皮肤伤口或溃疡<span style="color: black;">连续</span>不愈,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>皮肤癌可能。口腔溃疡很<span style="color: black;">平常</span>,但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">长期</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>愈合,应<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>口腔癌可能。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">15. 男性乳房的<span style="color: black;">反常</span>变化——莫要羞涩早<span style="color: black;">看病</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尽管男性乳腺癌极少见,但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>男性乳房<span style="color: black;">反常</span>增生<span style="color: black;">成长</span>或<span style="color: black;">显现</span>其他<span style="color: black;">反常</span>变化,要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>男性乳腺癌可能,尽早到乳腺专科就诊。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些是查癌的“金标准”!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">普通的健康体检是比较难<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>肿瘤的。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">人体肿瘤从一个正常的组织细胞演变成一个直径0.5~1厘米<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的实体瘤,可能<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">数年</span>时间。在这个过程中,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>能被防癌<span style="color: black;">检测</span>准确<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>早点治疗,是非常<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的。<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>原位癌<span style="color: black;">即时</span>手术切除后,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>基本和健康的正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span>生活、寿命<span style="color: black;">没</span>异。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症筛查,选对<span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目太<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>了,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人没能<span style="color: black;">即时</span>查出来,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>选错了!记住,这些才是查癌的“金标准”!</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-12c82497b9a683e25dc29f971b7bd551_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>健康时报资料图<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1. 肺癌——低剂量螺旋CT</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人<span style="color: black;">经过</span>X光片来筛查肺癌。中国中医科学院西苑医院肿瘤科<span style="color: black;">专家</span>医师杨宇飞2013年1月在健康时报刊文<span style="color: black;">中间商</span>绍,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>胸部X光片分辨率低,检出率比较低,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>能用胸部X光片<span style="color: black;">检测</span>诊断是肺癌,临床常常就<span style="color: black;">已然</span>到晚期了,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查<span style="color: black;">道理</span>不大。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">杨宇飞<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>,用CT检测肺癌,其分辨率高,肺癌肿瘤在1厘米,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>0.8厘米时<span style="color: black;">就可</span>被查出,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>50岁以后的中老年人或有肺癌家族史的人,体检中把X光片换成低剂量CT。2020版《居民<span style="color: black;">平常</span>恶性肿瘤筛查和预防<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>》<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>,肺癌高危人群,要进行低剂量螺旋 CT筛查。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2. 胃癌——胃镜+活检</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人不到万不得已,绝对不做胃镜,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>当<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>让做的时候,还会尽可能的拒绝。一想到要将一根管子从嘴巴伸进胃里,就觉得难受、恐惧。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>,2018年中国抗癌协会临床肿瘤协作中心的统计数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,胃癌在我国的患病率和死亡率均是世界平均水平的2倍多。而<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是相<span style="color: black;">针对</span>国外,我国筛查胃癌的“金标准”——胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>的普及程度非常低,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>90%以上的胃癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>即晚期,五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率不足20%。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">山东大学齐鲁医院消化科<span style="color: black;">专家</span>左秀丽2019年3月在健康时报刊文中指出,晚期胃癌的五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率不及20%,而90%的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>胃癌是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>治愈的。令人痛心的是,我国90%的胃癌<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>时<span style="color: black;">已经是</span>中晚期。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>是胃部<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>诊断的一线<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>胃镜+活检筛查,胃癌其实是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>预防的。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>病情和<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>进行胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,千万不要等到病情恶化时才<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>做胃镜。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3. 肝癌——甲胎蛋白+肝脏<span style="color: black;">彩超</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">查肝癌<span style="color: black;">必须</span>做“甲胎蛋白+<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>”联合<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,单独用甲胎蛋白普查,会有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>漏诊,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>80%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的肝癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>甲胎蛋白会<span style="color: black;">上升</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说单纯的检测血清甲胎蛋白值正常,仍<span style="color: black;">不可</span>完全排除患肝癌的可能性。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">数年</span>的临床实验证明,<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>联合血清甲胎蛋白检测肝癌准确率达到90%以上,是临床诊断<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肝癌首选的<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2020年版《居民<span style="color: black;">平常</span>恶性肿瘤筛查和预防<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>》<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>,肝癌筛查联合应用血清甲胎蛋白 (AFP) 和肝脏 B 超<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,高危人群每 6 个月筛查 1 次。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4. 肠癌——肠镜</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2020年版《居民<span style="color: black;">平常</span>恶性肿瘤筛查和预防<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>》强调,大肠癌筛查从 45 岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>,<span style="color: black;">没</span>论男女,每年1次大便隐血(FOBT)检测,每10年1次肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,直到75岁。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>肠癌<span style="color: black;">检测</span>的有效手段,<span style="color: black;">公众</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>肠镜的接受程度<span style="color: black;">一样</span>不高。中国工程院院士、海军军医大学<span style="color: black;">附庸</span>长海医院消化内科<span style="color: black;">专家</span>李兆申2018年7月接受健康时报采访时<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>:从事消化科工作<span style="color: black;">数年</span>,<span style="color: black;">始终</span>让我耿耿于怀的是<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>胃肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>的排斥和抵触。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">他<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在公开场合多次强调,超过45岁<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要做肠镜,做一次肠镜管你五年、十年没问题,你不会得结直肠癌。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5. 乳腺癌——钼靶<span style="color: black;">检测</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上海市医学会放射学分会乳腺学组组长、复旦肿瘤医院的放射诊断科<span style="color: black;">专家</span>顾雅佳2019年在接受健康时报采访时介绍,针对乳腺癌的X线<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>钼钯<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>诊断乳腺<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>简单有效的筛查方式。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上海交通大学医学院<span style="color: black;">附庸</span>瑞金医院放射科行政副<span style="color: black;">专家</span>柴维敏解释,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>超声或磁共振等<span style="color: black;">没</span>法看出的微小钙化灶,X影像<span style="color: black;">检测</span>恰好比较<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>。加上拍好还有成片可供<span style="color: black;">保留</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>论是国际上还是国内均为首选。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">针对普通人群,《中国抗癌协会乳腺癌诊治指南》<span style="color: black;">举荐</span> 40-45 岁的女性应每年做一次乳腺 X 线<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,45-69岁女性每1-2年进行一次。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6. 前列腺癌——PSA筛查</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">北京同仁医院泌尿外科的<span style="color: black;">专家</span>医师张光银2013年在健康时报刊文中指出,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>健康人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是筛查<span style="color: black;">初期</span>癌症,<span style="color: black;">意见</span>50岁以上的男性,用前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)项目来排查前列腺癌。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>PSA价钱更加<span style="color: black;">优惠</span>,排除假阳性问题,是<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查前列腺癌特异性的最方便、<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7. 宫颈癌——HPV+TCT</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">相比其他癌症,宫颈癌是人类所有癌症中<span style="color: black;">独一</span>病因<span style="color: black;">知道</span>且能<span style="color: black;">经过</span>早筛、早治而消除的癌症,即感染乳头瘤病毒(HPV),这<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着针对病因<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>防治。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中国医学科学院肿瘤医院、北京协和医学科学院群医学及公卫学院教授乔友林介绍,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>国际公认最安全的宫颈癌筛查采取细胞学检测(TCT)与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)病毒学检测联合筛查的方式。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而<span style="color: black;">日前</span>业界只能<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是将HPV+TCT两者联合筛查<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">精细</span>筛查<span style="color: black;">或</span>二级防控宫颈癌的最好方式。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本文综合自:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">①2021-08-12肿瘤专科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>《癌症<span style="color: black;">初期</span>到底有<span style="color: black;">无</span>先兆?<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>提醒:这15个表现请牢记在心!》(潘战和)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">②2013-01-24 健康时报《数数不<span style="color: black;">可靠</span>的体检项目》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">③2020-04-15 上海市抗癌协会《居民<span style="color: black;">平常</span>恶性肿瘤筛查和预防<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>(2020版)》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">④2019-03-19 健康时报《<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>超半数胃癌在中国》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">⑤2014-06-24南方日报《<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>容易误诊“大肝癌”》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">⑥2018-07-20 健康时报《中国工程院院士李兆申—— 早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>一例癌挽救一个家》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">⑦2019-11-01健康时报《X线、超声、磁共振…乳腺癌筛查<span style="color: black;">办法</span>怎么选?专家<span style="color: black;">这般</span>说》(尹薇)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">⑧2018-08-31健康时报《准确率高达90%以上!联合筛查<span style="color: black;">精细</span>揪出乳腺癌、宫颈癌》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">转载链接:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">https</span></a>://<span style="color: black;">mp.weixin.qq.com/s/pDnq</span><span style="color: black;">TAgBiKg73Ay83smEJA</span></p>




qzmjef 发表于 2024-10-2 14:00:17

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