9q13nh 发表于 2024-8-10 09:27:50

白癜风临床治疗常用药物（意见保藏）


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">白癜风易诊难治，对健康影响不大，但破坏容貌，容易给<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>心理<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>白癜风的<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>发病率为0.05%~0.10%，而我国患病率约为0.5%，<span style="color: black;">大概</span>70%~80%的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>会在30岁以前发病，从医学的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>来讲，白癜风发病与<span style="color: black;">身体</span>环境失衡有<span style="color: black;">极重</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>脏腑代谢机能失调，<span style="color: black;">显现</span>免疫力<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>，血液中酪氨酸酶活性降低，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>黑色素细胞<span style="color: black;">没法</span>正常分泌黑色素，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>在皮肤表面<span style="color: black;">显现</span>白斑。</span></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/77d11336a3e6464c90166f4c220fd6fc~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1723562455&amp;x-signature=Bi%2BHmd9lgL03VO8zrAhrFKwtHlY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以下是白癜风临床治疗常用<span style="color: black;">药品</span>：</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">糖皮质激素</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">自己</span>免疫攻击<span style="color: black;">引起</span>黑素细胞<span style="color: black;">损害</span>是<span style="color: black;">导致</span>白斑的直接<span style="color: black;">原由</span>，糖皮质激素可<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>免疫攻击<span style="color: black;">从而</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>病情发展，还能直接<span style="color: black;">功效</span>黑素细胞，刺激其合成<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>黑素达到复色效果。外用糖皮质激素是治疗白癜风的一线疗法，可单独运用治疗局限性白癜风，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可与光疗和其他外用药联合，用以治疗泛发型白癜风。口服<span style="color: black;">或</span>注射小剂量糖皮质激素适用于<span style="color: black;">发展</span>期白癜风，<span style="color: black;">初期</span>系统应用糖皮质激素可有效阻遏病情发展，诱导色素恢复。常用的外用激素<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：卤米松、糠酸莫米松、二丙酸倍他米松、二丙酸氯倍他索等。但要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>可能会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>局部皮肤萎缩，<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>大面积外用，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>最长不超过3个月或间歇<span style="color: black;">运用</span>，或与其他<span style="color: black;">药品</span>交替<span style="color: black;">运用</span>以减少副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></span></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/a440bb214b7449e49ac36a0ad8d6c443~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1723562455&amp;x-signature=mNOsiF5GDW%2BTLsR3xE4ApddHgLU%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">钙调神经磷酸酶<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">钙调神经磷酸酶<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂是一种新型外用免疫<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂，常用的<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：他克莫司和吡美莫司。临床观察<span style="color: black;">显示</span>钙调神经磷酸酶<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂治疗面颈部皮损复色率最佳，肢端、关节等部位疗效相对较差。单独<span style="color: black;">运用</span>疗效接近中强效糖皮质激素，联合糖皮质激素<span style="color: black;">运用</span>可<span style="color: black;">加强</span>准分子激光或NB-UVB的疗效，并且相较比外用糖皮质激素要安全，无严重不良反应。<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的不良反应<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：<span style="color: black;">起始</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>时局部皮损刺痛、灼热、瘙痒、潮红，这些副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>会在1~2周后<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>消失。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">维生素D3衍生物</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">维生素D3衍生物常用的<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：卡泊三醇和他卡西醇，若单独运用治疗白癜风复色率较低，但与外用糖皮质激素联合，复色率有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的<span style="color: black;">加强</span>，并且<span style="color: black;">生效</span>快，色素维持时间长，副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>少。但有<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>，卡泊三醇联合NB-UVB治疗白癜风,对复色<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span>的<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>，可能与卡泊三醇在紫外线下<span style="color: black;">快速</span>分解<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">抗氧化剂</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">近年来的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>，氧化应激参与了白癜风的发病过程，抗氧化剂<span style="color: black;">能够</span>减少氧化应激<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的黑素细胞死亡，对白癜风的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>和恢复有益。口服抗氧化剂能<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>NB-UVB的临床疗效。</span></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/e4f21a5774a34db7961cdf7a2b94ceb5~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1723562455&amp;x-signature=iz9PKzqBEPNJhbKFHB53LLLLge0%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">抗肿瘤坏死因子-α生物制剂</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一种炎症因子可破坏黑素细胞并<span style="color: black;">控制</span>黑素细胞干细胞的分化,有<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>白癜风皮损处的TNF-α<span style="color: black;">显著</span>高于正常皮肤，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>认为抗TNF-α生物制剂可治疗白癜风。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Janus激酶</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Janus激酶（Janus kinase，JAK）途径，JAK途径<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂托法替尼可阻断该途径产生的γ-干扰素及其下游趋化因子10（C-X-C motifchemokine，CXCL）的表达，从而遏制<span style="color: black;">引起</span>黑素细胞破坏的效应淋巴细胞增殖，<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>白癜风的发展间接促进白癜风的复色。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">阿法诺肽</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">阿法诺肽（Afamelanotide）是一种促α黑素细胞受体的多肽激素类似物，可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>结合黑素细胞MC1R受体促进黑色素的合成和诱导黑素细胞分化增生。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">前列素衍生物</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">治疗青光眼的拉坦前列素（Latanoprost）和比马前列素(Bimatoprost)是合成的前列酰胺衍生物，新的一项随机对照<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>: 拉坦前列素和比马前列素联合UVB和糠酸莫米松治疗局限型、稳<span style="color: black;">定时</span>白癜风皮损有效。</span></span></p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/36e965559b2644c8b1fe3a40ad0829d0~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1723562455&amp;x-signature=CMOXxSDMp93TX4XwusoybtR%2BHUc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">总结：</strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人<span style="color: black;">引起</span>白<span style="color: black;">白头</span>生的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>对<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的反应效果<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>，</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>可基于<span style="color: black;">自己</span>病情考量，遵从医师<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，采取个性化治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>，以此来最大限度地降低不良反应的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>治疗效果。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，<span style="color: black;">白癜风<span style="color: black;">无</span>特效药，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>最适合的药，找对<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，对症用药才是最正确的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">（注：</strong>文内提及的用药及治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>仅供<span style="color: black;">大众</span>学习参考，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>白癜风<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在皮肤科专业医师<span style="color: black;">指点</span>下用药，规范治疗！<strong style="color: blue;">）</strong></p>




0zhongqian 发表于 2024-8-24 21:17:52

感谢楼主的分享！我学到了很多。

流星的美 发表于 2024-9-8 09:07:20

你的话语真是温暖如春，让我心生感激。

1fy07h 发表于 2024-9-26 02:05:32

这夸赞甜到心里，让我感觉温暖无比。

1fy07h 发表于 5 天前

哈哈、笑死我了、太搞笑了吧等。
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