癌症的初期18种征兆，快点瞧瞧你有没？
<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除了毛发和指甲之外</p>
</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">癌症<span style="color: black;">能够</span>生长在人体各个部位</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">给身体带来许多的<span style="color: black;">害处</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">有<span style="color: black;">科研</span>认为</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">14种<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌约占癌症的80%</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">在我国</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肺癌、胃癌、肝癌以及结直肠癌</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">占据癌症发病率的一半以上</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>癌症这么多</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">千万不要感到害怕</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>癌症是可防可控的</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>身体<span style="color: black;">显现</span>以下症状应该<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span></strong></strong></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;">虽然这些信号≠100%患癌</strong></strong></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>任由发展</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">它可能发展为真正的癌</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">世卫组织提醒</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">三分之一的癌症完全<span style="color: black;">能够</span>预防</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肿瘤治疗要遵循</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;">“三早”理念</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">即 早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、早诊断、早治疗</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">提前筛查是<span style="color: black;">重要</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">乳腺癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">乳腺不规则肿块或乳头血性溢液，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>乳腺癌。80%的初诊乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，是因<span style="color: black;">没</span>意中摸到乳腺肿块而就诊。</span><span style="color: black;">肿块多为单发，以<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性肿块<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>，<span style="color: black;">少许</span>伴有隐痛或刺痛，边缘不规则、表面<span style="color: black;">不但</span>滑，若还伴有乳腺皮肤的“酒窝样”或“橘皮样”改变，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">非妊娠期女性乳头流出脓液、浆液、血液等，可能是乳腺增生、乳腺导管扩张症或乳腺癌表现，需请<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>进一步判断。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒：</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span>而言，18岁以上的女性要学会乳房自检，每月<span style="color: black;">定时</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>一次。</span><span style="color: black;">40岁以前的成年女性，每年体检除了要做外科触诊外，应每年做一次乳腺<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">40岁以后，除了乳腺<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>，还应<span style="color: black;">按照</span>个体<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，每年做一次乳腺钼靶<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。乳腺癌高危人群，则应在<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">指点</span>下<span style="color: black;">定时</span>复查，或接受乳腺癌基因筛查。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肝癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">肝硬化可能是肝癌的癌前病变。肝癌存在典型的三步曲，即肝炎→肝硬化→肝癌。约70%的原发性肝癌是<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在肝硬化的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上的，而<span style="color: black;">另一</span>在我国约40%肝硬化合并肝癌。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">肝硬化<span style="color: black;">病人</span>要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>接受规范的治疗。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHK3RQLEn5uCMjsRCVS0bKx7pfCkeQXu6g74KvgShu3moZ9nwLKolPv0g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">胃癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">慢性萎缩性胃炎可能是胃癌的癌前病变。</span><span style="color: black;">大部分慢性胃炎<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>接受正规治疗，效果是比较好的，不会致癌。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>有的胃癌与某些良性病变共存或在某些良性病变如慢性萎缩性胃炎的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变，而这些胃部<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>大多已<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>存在，更易使<span style="color: black;">病人</span>放松对胃癌的<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">胃癌的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>与幽门螺旋杆菌有很大关系，可进行幽门螺杆菌基因分型<span style="color: black;">评定</span>胃癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，如有<span style="color: black;">必须</span>，可进一步进行胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQibhZQ5lGFW4Lbia5vfl4kH6MVAefBBnxmrc5TJJC1MkfbOMNGuzQ1x8yvhH9v5zI1Dbuy45IiaH5lQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">食道癌、喉癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">消化不良、吞咽困难、嗓音嘶哑，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>食道癌、喉癌。<span style="color: black;">以上</span>两大症状在生活中极为<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，诱因<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">长期</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的<span style="color: black;">连续</span>消化不良，需<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>胃癌的可能。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吞咽困难，<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胸骨后<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、食管异物感，不<span style="color: black;">摄食</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会感到食管壁有菜叶、碎片或米粒黏附，吞咽下<span style="color: black;">食品</span>后会感到<span style="color: black;">食品</span>下行缓慢，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>停留在食管内，应尽早接受X光胸透或胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。若<span style="color: black;">显现</span>声音嘶哑、咽喉<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、刺激性干咳等症状，或有痰中带血、咽部异物感等，对症治疗不见好转，或症状<span style="color: black;">连续</span>超过1个月，应进行<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的喉镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQcoPlc3kd7fdPW8r5Rj8I4aKfMXyzwiaNwjJN3sI35qx80dRfZSvW3D2QE2EReZFBgAcnpNB0gKicw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肾癌、膀胱癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>痛血尿可能是肾癌、膀胱癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状。在<span style="color: black;">少许</span>病例中，<span style="color: black;">没</span>疼血尿还可能是前列腺癌的症状。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒：</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">只要<span style="color: black;">显现</span>血尿，不管量多还是量少，即使不痛，很久才一次，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">导致</span>高度<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>，应该及早进行<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQcoPlc3kd7fdPW8r5Rj8I4xXj9BwIAGurVqnXjkKvcPxpzvvz2dLRpIj9gWJY2cG35GFkD13LNVA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">淋巴瘤</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">淋巴瘤最常以淋巴腺（结）肿大为初发症状，尤其是在颈部、腋下或腹股沟等部位。</span><span style="color: black;">若淋巴结肿大时间较短，摸起来比较柔软，自觉<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或压痛，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>属于良性；若颈部、腋窝或腹股沟淋巴结肿大<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不消，坚硬、固定，表面凹凸不平，<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或压痛，且<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>增大，则要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肿瘤的可能。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">一处或多处<span style="color: black;">显现</span>淋巴结肿大，质地较硬但<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感的，就应<span style="color: black;">小心</span>淋巴瘤，最好<span style="color: black;">即时</span>就诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肺癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">肺部结节大部分是良性的，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>很少一部分属于癌前病变<span style="color: black;">或</span>肺癌。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，并非所有的肺结节都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术切除。</span><span style="color: black;">咳嗽<span style="color: black;">一直</span>，痰中带血，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肺癌。肺癌的典型征兆是刺激性咳嗽、痰中带血、胸痛等，约2/3有顽固刺激性咳嗽。</span><span style="color: black;">与感冒、支气管炎咳嗽不同，这种刺激性咳嗽用抗生素<span style="color: black;">没</span>法减轻，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是间断性咳血痰或痰中带血丝，或咳嗽有<span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">泡泡</span>痰，<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>喉部哮鸣音、胸闷、气促等表现，短期内体重<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降，有不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的低热。若<span style="color: black;">以上</span>症状持续2~3周不缓解，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒：</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了肺部结节，不要过度惊慌，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>别<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>。<span style="color: black;">即时</span>进一步诊断<span style="color: black;">知道</span>性质，<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>进行观察或治疗。</span></span><span style="color: black;">30岁以上人群<span style="color: black;">或</span>有肺癌家族史的高危人群，<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>一年做一次低剂量螺旋CT筛查<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肺癌。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKFGp4hFj49H9jwEGAwfiayniaEibE7Qnia5oBeVeoaibUIvC3DcVINALs55A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">肠癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">肠息肉<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>大肠腔内黏膜表面隆起，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>局部增生的一类病变。其中，炎性肠息肉、错构瘤息肉、淋巴性息肉跟肠癌关系不大；增生性肠息肉、腺瘤性肠息肉跟肠癌关系密切。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>便秘、腹泻，大便有血或呈深色、黑色，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>结肠癌、直肠癌。大便形态、颜色以及排便规律的变化，是结直肠癌最直接的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>，便血是临床上较<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的一种症状，痔疮、上消化道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>，但性状、颜色不同，若只<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>便中带血不必过于恐慌，听从<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span><span style="color: black;">就可</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒</strong><span style="color: black;">：</span></span><span style="color: black;">可<span style="color: black;">选取</span>采集大便进行肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查。如有<span style="color: black;">必须</span>，可进一步进行肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQcoPlc3kd7fdPW8r5Rj8I4QYoEMjgJl5kCuNibWgoZPJk0OZvS4T58qrk0NmLXeJZN4ia9MsTmYqkg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">皮肤癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>皮肤角质化可能是皮肤癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>信号。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>症状<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：皮肤<span style="color: black;">显现</span>圆形皮疹样<span style="color: black;">反常</span>变化，局部扁平或隆起，表面<span style="color: black;">显现</span>棕黄色或黑色痂皮，<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感，多发于面部和手背。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒</span></strong><span style="color: black;">：</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>皮肤<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这种角化，<span style="color: black;">即时</span>去皮肤科看一下<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQcoPlc3kd7fdPW8r5Rj8I4LBmwtXxGpylYvKrpctbnT6uOHztleiaMjEoZH0Sibmic79kvMkNfyoZNg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">黑色素瘤</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">交界痣可能是黑色素瘤的癌前病变。</span><span style="color: black;">部分皮肤的交界痣和混合痣在某些<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的刺激下可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>恶变，<span style="color: black;">作为</span>恶性黑色素瘤。尽管交界痣和混合痣已被证实有恶变倾向，但真正发展<span style="color: black;">作为</span>恶性肿瘤者微乎其微。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">不要反复地摩擦、针挑等刺激身上的痣，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>别乱用<span style="color: black;">药品</span>腐蚀它，这些都可能是激发交界痣或混合痣恶变为黑色素瘤的诱因。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHK7PJHbArssKm3YA9d89xlIEt0ltsJ16QUibrerEZuvqo98FkdECYR3iaQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">口腔癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">口腔内<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的白色斑块，尤其是经常吸烟的人，可能是患上了口腔白斑病，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不<span style="color: black;">即时</span>治疗，有<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变的可能，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>面临手术切骨的严重后果。据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，舌头、牙龈、腮上黏膜都有可能是口腔白斑病滋生的温床。</span><span style="color: black;">口腔溃疡<span style="color: black;">一般</span>10天内会<span style="color: black;">自动</span>愈合，<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不愈合的溃疡可能是结核性溃疡<span style="color: black;">或</span>癌症。若溃疡伴有反复<span style="color: black;">流血</span>及不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的麻木、灼热、干燥感，且超过两周不愈合，就要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">健康提醒：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>白斑时，不要误以为是溃疡，需<span style="color: black;">即时</span>处理；别用指甲刮白斑；停止抽烟，否则会加速白斑恶化。<span style="color: black;">公众</span>对口腔白斑病<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>缺乏认识，越早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>早治疗，越能<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>病情。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKrU30oTqmcpvYUT5FeBiaSLlHvepk0hvY0PcxqhUqoOldf0CSiaqY7JFA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">阴道莫名<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌。有些女性在性交、妇科<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，或用力排便后有少量阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，呈淡红色或褐色，属“接触性<span style="color: black;">流血</span>”，可能是宫颈癌的癌前病变信号。</span><span style="color: black;">阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>先少后多，或时多时少，病情发展到中期，<span style="color: black;">流血</span>会<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>。此时应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>到医院<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，并<span style="color: black;">保持</span>4~6个月复查。绝经期后有不规律阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>或血性白带，在排除宫颈癌和阴道炎后，应高度警惕子宫内膜癌。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒：</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">宫颈癌筛查，HPV+TCT是经典筛查方式。</span></span><span style="color: black;">20岁以上的<span style="color: black;">或</span>有性生活3年以上的女性，<span style="color: black;">最少</span>每2年做一次宫颈液基细胞学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>(TCT)及HPV病毒检测。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>以上<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>高危型HPV阳性或TCT<span style="color: black;">反常</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>做阴道镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，必要时取宫颈上的组织，做病理组织学诊断，以判断<span style="color: black;">可否</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>癌前病变。</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Evz8V1hFyjQZsqib49lUT5xJuOERemDHKKsYZ57efVll8nhTs8VmnoVRh9TA52NK10ibdxjrvtATx4Y9VuCloiajQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">前列腺癌</strong></span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">排尿<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、血尿、尿量变化，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>前列腺癌。</span><span style="color: black;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前列腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>尿流分叉、尿程延长、尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿不尽感等，血尿反倒不是<span style="color: black;">重点</span>症状。性生活时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>射精<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，或射<span style="color: black;">流血</span>性精液<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</p>
</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒：</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">定时</span>筛查前列腺特异性抗原（PSA），是<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>前列腺癌的最佳办法。</span><span style="color: black;">美国泌尿外科学会和美国临床肿瘤学会的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>是，50岁以上的男性，应该进行PSA筛查；</span><span style="color: black;">有前列腺癌家族史的男性人群，应该从40岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>，每年进行一次PSA<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">我国的前列腺癌指南还<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>50岁以上有尿道梗阻的男性<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，除了查PSA，还要做前列腺指诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">骨癌、睾丸癌</strong></span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>骨癌、睾丸癌。<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>是多种癌症的症状，多见于中晚期，骨癌和睾丸癌早期就可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">骨癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>固定性、<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性特点，夜间尤甚，且日益加重。当感到腰背、四肢、关节等处<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、肿胀，找不到创伤、炎症、风寒等诱因，就要<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">睾丸癌<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>常是局部隐痛、胀痛，痛感不是很<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>，手摸睾丸能<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>不对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，患侧体积增大，有下坠感。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康提醒：</strong></span><span style="color: black;">世界卫生组织提出，三分之一的癌症完全<span style="color: black;">能够</span>预防。我国2020版《居民<span style="color: black;">平常</span>恶性肿瘤筛查和预防<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>》<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>，倡导恶性肿瘤的预防和肿瘤治疗要遵循“早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、早诊断、早治疗”的“三早”理念。</span><span style="color: black;">以下是在我国最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的6种癌症筛查<span style="color: black;">意见</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>癌症的筛查<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</span></strong></span>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">孙思邈针灸</span></p>
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