全世界癌症患病“青年化”，新西兰排全世界第二，非常惊人！
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">全世界的<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>都在为<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人的早发性癌症激增敲警钟。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">早发型癌症<span style="color: black;">一般</span>指</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">发病年龄在50岁以下人群</strong></span><span style="color: black;">的癌症。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">从1990年到2019年，<span style="color: black;">全世界</span><span style="color: black;">青年</span>人的癌症病例<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了79%，死亡人数<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了28%</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>模型预测，到2030年诊断率还将继续<span style="color: black;">提升</span>31%，死亡人数<span style="color: black;">提升</span>21%。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240319/c2894632fea44492be652841a1d625ad.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">上个星期，《自然》（Nature）杂志<span style="color: black;">发布</span>题为《<span style="color: black;">为何</span>这么多<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人患上癌症？数<span style="color: black;">据述</span>明了什么》（Why are so many young people getting cancer? What the data say？）的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>，指出<span style="color: black;">以上</span>趋势。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240319/2fcfe324fb694ac487ceee7f755c0e7d.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，尽管新西兰地处偏远，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>在早发性癌症的趋势上，</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">高于</strong><strong style="color: blue;">大部分国家，排在第二</strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不管你生活在世界上哪个大洲，50岁以下人群癌症发病率都在<span style="color: black;">提升</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>都<span style="color: black;">无</span>接受过在<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人中<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>癌症的培训，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人中<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是晚期才被<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这令<span style="color: black;">专家</span>们困惑不已，<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">专家</span><span style="color: black;">起步</span>了长达数十年的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>项目。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>范围内，</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">澳大利亚是早发性癌症确诊率最高的国家，每10万人中就有135人</strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">邻近的新西兰位居第二，每10万人中50岁以下人群的发病率为119例</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在澳大利亚，最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症是乳腺癌，而新西兰则是结肠癌。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在亚洲，日本和韩国虽然距离很近，经济<span style="color: black;">情况</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">类似</span>，但韩国的早发性结肠癌发病率超过了日本。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">美国排在第六位，每10万名50岁以下的人中有87例，英国排在第28位，每10万人中有70.5例。</span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">新西兰50岁以下人群患结肠直肠癌的人数急剧<span style="color: black;">提升</span>，<span style="color: black;">促进</span></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">专家呼吁提早进行筛查</strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">新西兰是世界上肠癌发病率最高的国家之一，每年有3000人被确诊。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">每年有1200多名新西兰人死于肠癌，仅次于肺癌，是第二大癌症死因。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">新西兰国家肠道筛查计划只对60-74岁的人开放，而大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>国家从50岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>筛查</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">新西兰<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>和专家在《新西兰医学杂志》（New Zealand Medical Journal）上撰文指出，</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">普通人群的筛查年龄应从45岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>，毛利人和太平洋岛民的筛查年龄应从40岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240319/a50148fe31ea41e198902603eff81203.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240319/5d2a57078d454c01b686a837eae8b200.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">作者Oliver Waddell说，</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">提早筛查<span style="color: black;">能够</span>挽救生命和节省开支</strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">他说：“美国的8家<span style="color: black;">重点</span>保险<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>都在<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>45岁以下的私人<span style="color: black;">病人</span>进行筛查，这比再等三四年等癌症发展到晚期要便宜得多，晚期癌症的治疗<span style="color: black;">花费</span>要高得多。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总体而言，新西兰肠癌的发病率正在下降——这可能是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>老年人接受了癌前息肉<span style="color: black;">检测</span>——然而，50岁以下人群的癌症发病率却在继续大幅<span style="color: black;">提升</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">就毛利人而言，30%的女性肠癌和24%的男性肠癌病例<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在50岁之前。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>将筛查降低到45岁，几乎有一半的人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>得到预防或诊断，而<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>从40岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>筛查，则<span style="color: black;">能够</span>减少<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的发病率。</span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">专家们<span style="color: black;">始终</span>推测，<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>率的<span style="color: black;">提升</span>和癌症筛查的提早，以及高脂肪<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>、饮酒和吸烟是<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然而，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>各国的生活方式、习惯和<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>差异很大，<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>认为，这些</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>完全解释</strong></span><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">国际上的<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人患上的肿瘤比年长的病人更具侵袭性，更容易<span style="color: black;">控制</span>人的免疫系统。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">微生物<span style="color: black;">亦</span>被认为是一个可能的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯和抗生素会“扰乱”微生物群。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">微生物群破坏</strong></span><span style="color: black;">会<span style="color: black;">引起</span></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">炎症</strong></span><span style="color: black;">，而炎症与<span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌症在内的多种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>，对这一问题还<span style="color: black;">必须</span>更深入的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">值得关注的是<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人中的结肠癌。数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，在2010年至2020年<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，20至34岁人群的病例率<span style="color: black;">提升</span>了40%。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结肠癌和直肠癌是美国第三大<span style="color: black;">平常</span>癌症，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>男性和女性死亡的第三大<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在世界范围内，乳腺癌是<span style="color: black;">包含</span>美国、英国、加拿大、印度、南非、澳大利亚和墨西哥在内的数十个国家中最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，这可能是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>筛查更方便的缘故。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>世界卫生组织的数据，紧随其后的是前列腺癌。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ref: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-13197079/cancer-epidemic-young-people-america-uk-india-south-africa.html</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/495125/rise-in-younger-people-with-colorectal-cancers-prompts-call-for-screening-change</span></p>
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