保温设计基本原则，包含材料选取、保护层需求和厚度计算一文总结
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在管道与设备的表面进行保温<span style="color: black;">重点</span>为了满足以下三方面的<span style="color: black;">必须</span>:<span style="color: black;">首要</span>是满足用户的<span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>，防止介质温度的过度降低，<span style="color: black;">保准</span>介质<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的参数;其次是为了节约能源、减少热损失，降低<span style="color: black;">制品</span>成本，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>经济效益;再次是为了改善工作环境，<span style="color: black;">守护</span>操作人员的安全，避免<span style="color: black;">出现</span>烫伤等<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>事故。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">管道和设备表面保温是一项花钱不多、收效非常<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的节能<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。随着能源价格的<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">提升</span>，更显现出它的经济性。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、设置保温的基本原则</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)外表面温度>50℃的管道与设备;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">注:环境温度为 25℃时的表面温度。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)生产中<span style="color: black;">必须</span>减小介质的温度降，保持介质温度稳定的管道、设备的外表面;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)<span style="color: black;">必须</span>防止管道、设备<span style="color: black;">中间商</span>质凝结和/或结晶的部位;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)生产中不<span style="color: black;">必须</span>保温的管道与设备，其外表面温度超过60℃，并需经常操作与<span style="color: black;">守护</span>，而又<span style="color: black;">没法</span>采用其他<span style="color: black;">办法</span>防止<span style="color: black;">导致</span>烫伤的部位;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)在<span style="color: black;">因为</span>表面温度过高会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>(燃气、蒸气、粉尘)爆炸起火的场合，运行时表面温度较高的管道与设备;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(6)供暖系统的总立管</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240804/9261fbc3272f4611a1b284a8cd6160a5.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、保温材料的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>原则</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)保温材料的<span style="color: black;">准许</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>温度应高于在正常操作<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下管道介质的最高温度;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)材料的导热系数要低，在平均温度<350℃时的导热系数应不大于0.12W/(m·K);</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)材料密度要低，<span style="color: black;">不该</span>大于350<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>/m，但应<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>的机械强度;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)不腐蚀金属，易于施工，造价<span style="color: black;">优惠</span>;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)在高温<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下，经综合比较后，可<span style="color: black;">选择</span>复合材料。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/images01/20240804/d97b5c4aedbc457488894048148188a1.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、<span style="color: black;">守护</span>层材料的<span style="color: black;">需求</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)<span style="color: black;">守护</span>层材料的<span style="color: black;">准许</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>温度应高于在正常操作<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下绝热层外表面的最高温度</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)性能稳定，耐腐蚀、无裂缝、刚度大、<span style="color: black;">很难</span>老化、<span style="color: black;">很难</span>变形;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)防水性能好(用于室外管道);</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)施工方便，安装后外观整齐美观。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q1.itc.cn/images01/20240804/be835a709fb9425fb809aa386cd9937a.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4、保温厚度计算原则</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)应按“经济厚度”的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>计算;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)按满足散热损失<span style="color: black;">需求</span>进行计算;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下应<span style="color: black;">同期</span>满足“经济厚度”与“散热损失”的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>在用“经济厚度”的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>计算<span style="color: black;">没法</span>满足散热<span style="color: black;">需求</span>或<span style="color: black;">没法</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>“经济厚度”<span style="color: black;">办法</span>计算时，<span style="color: black;">准许</span>只按本条<span style="color: black;">需求</span>进行;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)以满足介质<span style="color: black;">传送</span>时<span style="color: black;">准许</span>温降的<span style="color: black;">要求</span>，按热平衡<span style="color: black;">办法</span>计算;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)防烫伤计算，计算最外层的表面温度。</p>
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