u1jodi1q 发表于 2024-6-15 14:21:10

春季养鸡新城疫和禽流感的临床症状及治疗办法


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">鸡新城疫与禽流感是禽类养殖场里最常遇到的两大<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>这两种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的传播速度快,<span style="color: black;">常常</span>在很短的时间内就能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>大规模的传染,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>死亡率极高,在寒冷季节尤为严重,H5发病死亡高达100%。这给广大的禽类养殖用户<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>带来<span style="color: black;">极重</span>的经济损失和养殖<span style="color: black;">懊恼</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">什么是新城疫</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">鸡新城疫又名亚洲鸡瘟(俗<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>鸡瘟),<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>副粘病毒科鸡新城疫病毒NDV(禽副粘病毒APMV)<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的急性高度接触性传<span style="color: black;">患病</span>;<span style="color: black;">重点</span>特征以<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、下痢、神经絮乱、粘膜<span style="color: black;">流血</span>为主。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新城疫发病特点</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本病不受季节影响,春秋两季较多,各年龄的鸡均可感染发病,传播速度快,发病率和死亡率高。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新城疫的临床症状</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)精神萎靡,采食减少,<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难,排黄绿色粪便;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)体温<span style="color: black;">上升</span>,饮水<span style="color: black;">增加</span>,嗉囔内充满酸臭黏液,倒提病鸡,可从口腔中流出;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)大群<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>症状<span style="color: black;">显著</span>,咳嗽喷嚏,流鼻甩鼻,张口<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>,“咯咯”“咕噜”声;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)鸡冠和肉垂发钳,呈暗红或青紫色;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)神经症状<span style="color: black;">显著</span>,麻痹瘫痪;有的未受刺激时较为正常,一旦受到惊吓,便<span style="color: black;">显现</span>头颈扭曲;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(6)蛋鸡产蛋量减少或停产,软皮蛋、褪色蛋、沙壳蛋、畸形蛋<span style="color: black;">增加</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新城疫的解剖症状</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)腺胃乳头<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,肌胃角质层<span style="color: black;">流血</span>;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)盲肠扁桃体<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、溃疡及坏死;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)肠道充满黏液,肠道表现有枣核状紫红色<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、坏死灶;胰腺点状<span style="color: black;">流血</span>;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)气管黏膜充血、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,呈红色;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)卵巢卵泡<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,输卵管炎症。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新城疫的<span style="color: black;">害处</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)各日龄均可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>,发病急,死亡率高;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)NDV一旦感染就会在群内<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span>传播,<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>免疫的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>从鸡群中清除,一旦免疫力或抗体水平下降,就会发病而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>损失。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">什么是禽流感</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">禽流感又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>真性鸡瘟,<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>正黏病毒科,A型流感病毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的家禽和野禽的一种从<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>系统到严重全身败血症等多种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">综合症</span>。能感染多种家禽和野禽,野禽是本病的大本营,不同日龄和四季均可感染,寒冷季节尤为严重,H5发病死亡达100%,H9发病率、死亡率较低5-30%。<span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>有H5N1、H5N2、H9N2、H7N3等多种不同血清型。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">禽流感临床症状</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)精神萎靡,采食减少30-60%,<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难,排黄绿色粪便;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)冠髯肿胀、发绀,严重时<span style="color: black;">流血</span>坏死;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)肿头流泪,结膜充血、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,流粘性鼻涕,甩头,咯咯怪叫;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)腿部皮肤充血、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,脚鳞充血、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)死亡率高,体型<span style="color: black;">很强</span>鸡只仰死,较瘦鸡趴着死;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(6)有的鸡<span style="color: black;">显现</span>扭颈、转圈等神经症状;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(7)产蛋下降40-70%,<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>后产蛋恢复缓慢。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">禽流感的解剖症状</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)肾脾肿大,脾脏有灰白色坏死点;偶见法氏囊肿大<span style="color: black;">流血</span>;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)气管充血<span style="color: black;">流血</span>严重,有时有干酪样渗出物堵塞气管;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)心肌脂肪<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,胰腺边缘<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,腿胸部肌肉及腹部脂肪有<span style="color: black;">流血</span>;腺胃乳头及交界处<span style="color: black;">流血</span>;肠道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>严重,有溃疡;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)鼻窦炎,有脓性或干酪样分泌物(似传鼻);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)有时见心包、腹腔纤维素性渗出,有积水,包心包肝;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(6)典型病例可见头颈和胸部皮下有淡黄色胶样水肿液;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(7)卵黄性腹膜炎、输卵管炎,卵泡<span style="color: black;">流血</span>,内有脓性分泌物。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">禽流感的<span style="color: black;">害处</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)发病死亡率极高,损失大,治疗效果差,属I 类疫病,人畜共患;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)血清型多,基因不稳定,易产生突变和重组,针对性弱毒活苗<span style="color: black;">没</span>法应用,只能<span style="color: black;">经过</span>灭活油苗进行强制免疫;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)易与禽霍乱、新城疫、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>型传支等混淆误诊,新城疫等弱毒苗紧急接种会加剧死亡;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(4)本病目前<span style="color: black;">没</span>弱毒活苗,<span style="color: black;">没</span>法进行弱毒活苗紧急接种,而紧急接种灭活苗,<span style="color: black;">生效</span>慢,<span style="color: black;">最少</span>要10-15天产能产生<span style="color: black;">守护</span>;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(5)若注射抗生素及干扰素等,应激<span style="color: black;">很强</span>,会<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">海量</span>死亡(气管堵塞);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(6)H5、H9等不同血清型疫苗<span style="color: black;">不可</span>形成<span style="color: black;">显著</span>交叉<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>,即注射H5灭活疫苗,对H9感染<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>疫苗应需单独注射或采用多价苗;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(7)1g被HPAIV污染的粪便含有足以让100万只家禽<span style="color: black;">所有</span>感染的病毒量。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新城疫和禽流感的区别</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)新城疫和禽流感病鸡死亡特征。新城疫瘦鸡死亡比例<span style="color: black;">显著</span>较高,而禽流感则是胖病鸡的死亡率较高;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)新城疫和禽流感病外观症状区别。患新城疫的病鸡多为仰头扭颈、口流酸臭液体、冠暗红;而患禽流感的病鸡则是肿头、流泪、流鼻等最为<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的特点是禽流感的病鸡的鸡脚鳞有<span style="color: black;">流血</span>症状;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(3)新城疫和禽流感病解剖特征(如上图):患新城疫病鸡的腺胃乳头<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、盲肠扁桃体肿大<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、肠道枣核溃疡。而患禽流感的病鸡则是心脏脂肪<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、腺胃乳头<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、气管堵塞、胸腿部肌肉<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新城疫和禽流感的预防</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本病<span style="color: black;">没</span>弱毒活苗,用禽泰莱——鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型)、腺病毒(I群、4型)三联灭活疫苗,可有效阻止本病流行。治疗时,<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>葡萄糖和多维,抗生素<span style="color: black;">掌控</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道为主,肠道为辅;抗病毒药抗病毒和降体温;发病后若误用新城冻干苗会加剧死亡。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q6.itc.cn/images01/20240326/9eb5e1277e684d71bb40cd6e27b0b8ac.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【<span style="color: black;">制品</span>特点】</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、精选毒株,一针三防</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本品一针三防,优选LaSota毒株,结合国内流行新城疫基因型高度同源毒株;优选H9亚型禽流感毒株 Yt株,与当前各流行毒株同源性好,交叉<span style="color: black;">守护</span>好;采用基因工程技术表达的腺病毒抗原,可预防腺病毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的感染。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、抗原纯化</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">超滤浓缩工艺,高度去除尿囊液中的尿酸盐、脂多糖及杂蛋白,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>抗原纯净,免疫注射应激小。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、进口佐剂,吸收更完全</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">运用</span>原装进口<span style="color: black;">优秀</span>佐剂,粘度低,粘度指数为20-40CP(国家标准200CP),免疫应激小,流动性好,易抽易打易吸收,产生抗体速度快。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4、先进工艺,免疫应激小</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">采用低温乳化工艺,成品乳化粒径优异,<span style="color: black;">体积</span>呈典型的正态分布,达到人用疫苗标准。先进灭活工艺,甲醛灭活剂用量小,减少对机体的刺激。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">5、抗原浓缩,免疫效果好</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">采用超滤浓缩工艺,<span style="color: black;">保证</span>每羽份新城疫、腺病毒、禽流感H9亚型的<span style="color: black;">有效</span>价,免疫后产生高抗体滴度,抗体产生快,免疫后7天抗体<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">提升</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【通用名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>】</strong>鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型)、禽腺病毒病(I群4型)三联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+YT株+QD株)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/images01/20240326/98b7c894993a45ea9d0b3f2c6d3e7d1f.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">成份</span>与含量】</strong>每羽份(0.5ml)疫苗中含灭活的鸡新城疫病毒La Sota株不<span style="color: black;">小于</span>108.2EID50、禽流感H9亚型病毒YT株不<span style="color: black;">小于</span>108.2EID50、禽I群4型腺病毒QD株病毒不<span style="color: black;">小于</span>107.2TCID50。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【性状】</strong> 乳白色均匀乳剂。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【<span style="color: black;">功效</span>与用途】</strong>用于预防鸡新城疫、H9亚型禽流感和禽腺病毒病(I群4型)。免疫接种后14~21日产生免疫力,免疫期为3个月。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【用法与用量】</strong>颈部皮下或肌肉注射。1~4周龄的鸡,每只0.3ml,4周龄以上的鸡,每只0.5ml。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">【不良反应】</strong> <span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>的不良反应。<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛:http://www.fok120.com/</span>,查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">责任编辑:网友投稿</span></p>




b1gc8v 发表于 2024-10-1 21:44:47

期待与你深入交流,共探知识的无穷魅力。

b1gc8v 发表于 2024-11-14 05:12:19

你的见解真是独到,让我受益良多。
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