C++ 后台研发知识点及学习路线
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">校招形势</p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/TdGLaSU675h5lMdIFlWETrs1KTbAQUtqjXto5od3gsUfmzGQ6KIo1hFgpoxeLPpJx2Bf7gZnUvfRtAH9SFJ0iag/640?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在去年结束的秋季招聘中,后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>或服务器<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的岗位需求一度火热,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>超过了算法岗。</span><span style="color: black;">不少<span style="color: black;">朋友</span>从诸神<span style="color: black;">傍晚</span>的算法岗战场上退下,转向更偏向工程能力的后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>岗,从而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>岗位竞争的大爆发。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>工程师主流<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的编程语言有C++、Java、PHP以及<span style="color: black;">日前</span>慢慢流行的Golang等。本文就将以C++的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>,讲讲<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>学习和准备后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的岗位。</p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>语言<span style="color: black;">基本</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">无论是C++<span style="color: black;">研发</span>还是Java<span style="color: black;">研发</span>,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>一个码农而言,最重要的<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>编程语言的<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>。<span style="color: black;">一样</span>,无论从事哪种类型的岗位,首当其冲的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>要<span style="color: black;">把握</span>好语言<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C++是一门博大精深的编程语言,不仅<span style="color: black;">持有</span>继承于C语言的过程化程序设计思想,还<span style="color: black;">包括</span>有面对对象(OOP)的设计理念。强大而又<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>。相对<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,C++的学习成本较高,语言里面的坑较多。语言<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的学习路线如下:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 语法<span style="color: black;">基本</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">重点<span style="color: black;">把握</span>:(务必<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>底层机制原理)</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">指针和引用的概念</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">指针与内存关系</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">程序编译过程</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">static、const、#define的用法和区别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">C和C++区别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">内存模型</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">内存中的栈和堆分配</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 面对对象<span style="color: black;">基本</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">(务必<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>底层机制原理)</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">面向对象理解</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">析构函数</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">构造函数</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">拷贝构造</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">多态</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">纯虚函数和虚函数</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">虚函数实现机制</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">虚函数表</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">拜访</span>限定符 public、private、protected</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">继承原理、虚继承、菱形继承</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">静态绑定和动态绑定</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">new/delete和malloc/free</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">重载、重写和<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3 语法进阶</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(务必<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>底层机制原理)</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">智能指针</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">左值、右值引用和move语义</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">类型转换方式</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">常用的设计模式</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程安全的单例模式</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">内存溢出和内存泄漏</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">C++11新特性</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">静态链接库和动态链接库</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4 STL标准模板库</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(务必能进行源码剖析)</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">迭代器、空间配置器理解</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">常用容器特点、用法以及底层实现vector、list、deque、set、map、unorderedmap</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《C++Primer》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">可<span style="color: black;">做为</span>工具书,随手查阅</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《EffectiveC++》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">深入<span style="color: black;">认识</span>C++的程序设计规范</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《STL源码剖析》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">剖析STL的源码底层,非常<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>学习价值</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有精力还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看<strong style="color: blue;">《深度探索C++对象模型》《more EffecticeC++》</strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>算法与数据结构</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>普通人而言,算法的学习最重要的是能够形成基本的算法思维,懂得从程序设计的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>对高重复性的操作做优化。这其中基本算法思想的<span style="color: black;">把握</span>和常用数据结构的理解是必不可少。这方面的学习更倾向于多看多想多练。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 <span style="color: black;">平常</span>算法类型</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">(务必能够手撕代码)</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">排序算法(冒泡、<span style="color: black;">插进</span>、<span style="color: black;">选取</span>、快排、希尔、堆排、归并、桶排、基数、计数)、字符串操作、数组操作、递归、回溯、分治、动态规划等</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>准备算法可见历史<span style="color: black;">文案</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;">进入BAT和字节跳动最难的一关,手撕代码!</a></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 常用数据结构</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">(务必<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>底层原理和实现)</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">链表、栈、队列、树(二叉树、平衡二叉树、红黑树、B树、B+树、哈夫曼树、字典树)、跳表、图</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《大话数据结构》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">适合入门学习</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《剑指offer》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">必刷66题</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《算法导论》</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>看,能啃完<span style="color: black;">便是</span>大神</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>计算机网络</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">网络<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的东西不是<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>,关键在于对<span style="color: black;">平常</span>网络协议簇的认识和理解,以及<span style="color: black;">有些</span>常规操作底层设计实现的剖析。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> | 输入www.baidu.com会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>什么</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> | <span style="color: black;">微X</span>扫描登录会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>什么</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 重点<span style="color: black;">把握</span>知识点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">OSI七层模型</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP/IP五层模型</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP/IP协议总结</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP、UDP区别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP三次握手、四次挥手</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP状态转换</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP状态中TIME_WAIT</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP连接<span style="color: black;">创立</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">为何</span>不是两次握手</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP第三次握手失败会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>什么</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP长连接和短链接及优缺点</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP拥塞<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>-慢<span style="color: black;">起步</span>、拥塞避免、快重传、快<span style="color: black;">起步</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">保准</span><span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>性传输</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span>粘包、拆包问题</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">TCP<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">靠谱</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">UDP<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>实现TCP可靠传输</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">IP<span style="color: black;">位置</span>和子网掩码</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ARP解析过程</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">DNS原理</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">HTTP状态码</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">HTTP1.0、HTTP1.1、HTTP2.0区别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">HTTP和HTTPS区别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">HTTPS加密过程</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>加密和对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>加密算法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Nagle算法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《计算机网络自顶向下<span style="color: black;">办法</span>》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">教材书,可放手边查阅</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《TCP/IP详解》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">重点<span style="color: black;">认识</span>TCP、IP、UDP协议实现</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>数据库</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">数据库的<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">并不</span>难,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>数据库的特性、实现机制、应用场景和性能优化方面却能够难倒一大批面试者。<span style="color: black;">一样</span>数据库本身<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是非常好的项目实例,<span style="color: black;">常常</span>能够从中学习到许多程序设计的思想和模式。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,对数据库要明白怎么用、<span style="color: black;">为何</span>用、怎么用得好这几个方面的问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 重点<span style="color: black;">把握</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">数据库类别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">关系型数据库和非关系型数据库区别</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> MySQL:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">SQL<span style="color: black;">平常</span>语句</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MySQL内链接,外链接(左链接、右链接、全链接)</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MySQL索引类型和原理</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MySQL事务实现原理ACID</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MySQL数据存储引擎</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MySQL主从复制原理、<span style="color: black;">功效</span>和实现</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MySQL日记系统redo log、binlog、undo log</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">MVCC实现原理</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Sql优化思路</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">范式理论</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">数据库高并发<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> Redis: </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Redis支持的数据类型</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Redis持久化</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Redis 架构模式</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">主从复制</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一致性哈希算法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《高性能 Mysql》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">能够加深对Mysql的理解和<span style="color: black;">运用</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《Redis设计与实现》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">比较全面的书,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>多<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">5、</span>操作系统</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">操作系统的问题会集中在进程和线程,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>这一类的问题<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会以开放题的形式<span style="color: black;">显现</span>。<span style="color: black;">重点</span>考察的是对操作系统组件以及运行过程的理解。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> | <span style="color: black;">开机登录系统<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了什么?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> | <span style="color: black;">复制粘贴是<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>操作的?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 重点<span style="color: black;">把握</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">理学</span>内存和虚拟内存</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">缓存IO和直接IO</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">作业调度算法</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程和进程</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">进程和线程的调度</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程的创建和结束</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程状态</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程间通信与线程同步机制</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">互斥锁和信号量</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程池</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">消费者和生产者</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">死锁</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">并发和并行</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《深入理解计算机系统》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">很全面的书,这一本就够用了</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">6、</span>Linux系统</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">对Linux系统的<span style="color: black;">熟悉</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>是后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>/服务器<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的<span style="color: black;">必须</span>技能点。这年头,不会几个Linux指令都<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>意思说自己是敲代码的。(客户端和前端的<span style="color: black;">朋友</span><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>不服)不管<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>Linux系统的<span style="color: black;">把握</span>无论在哪个方向上,都会有用武之地的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 <span style="color: black;">Linux系统操作和命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">top命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ps命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">netstat命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">awk命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">find命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">grep命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">wc命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">sed命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">head和tail命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">正则表达式</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">查询</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>频率最高的100个IP<span style="color: black;">位置</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">linux<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>统计文件中某个字符串<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的频率</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">linux<span style="color: black;">起步</span>的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个进程</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">linux查看端口占用</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">linux查看CPU和内存<span style="color: black;">运用</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Linux查看系统负载命令</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Linux调试程序</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Linux硬链接和软连接</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">core dump</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">cmake和makefile</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Shell脚本基本语法和<span style="color: black;">运用</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《鸟哥私房菜》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">入门足够了,多敲多写<span style="color: black;">才可</span>更快<span style="color: black;">把握</span></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">7、</span>Linux网络编程</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>是离不开网络编程的,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>简单<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>用厉害点的电脑去处理大规模的网络请求。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>一名合格的后端<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员,对</span><span style="color: black;">Linux网络编程的<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>是必不可少的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1 重点<span style="color: black;">把握</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">孤儿进程、僵尸进程和<span style="color: black;">保护</span>进程</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">进程间通信方式signal、file、pipe、shm、sem、msg、socket</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">线程同步机制线程:互斥量、锁机制、<span style="color: black;">要求</span>变量、信号量、读写锁</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">fork返回值</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">五大IO模型:阻塞I/O、非阻塞I/O、I/O复用、信号驱动I/O、异步I/O</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">IO复用机制</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">epoll与select/poll</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">LT水平触发和ET边缘触发</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Reactor和Proactor模式</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">反向代理、负载<span style="color: black;">平衡</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>书籍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《UNIX环境高级编程》APUE</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> 比较难啃,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>挑着看</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《Unix网络编程》UNP</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一样</span>比较难啃,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>挑着看</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《Linux多线程服务器端编程》</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Muduo网络库</span>,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span><span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>源码实现</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《深入理解Nginx》</span></strong><span style="color: black;">深入<span style="color: black;">认识</span>基于C的web服务器实现</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/TdGLaSU675ga7elH1wTp3Q9epO6U3nSZeVtKvocfCNJhUdZ7va61S6mP2Y0ZQH3ZuAFr6QoTDKaHHkd7PXmibAw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">8、</span>项目准备</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>以上的东西你都<span style="color: black;">已然</span>准备好了,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>相信你<span style="color: black;">已然</span>了具备C++后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>能力。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>要记得,一个大型线<span style="color: black;">上</span>项目的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>,从来都不纯粹是单一语言的设计和实现。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>用C++<span style="color: black;">或</span>用Java<span style="color: black;">或</span>用Golang<span style="color: black;">或</span>用Python的区别或许没<span style="color: black;">那样</span>大,它们都有<span style="color: black;">善于</span>的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>,毕竟存在即真理。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你真的有精力的话,不妨还<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>一下更深层次的技术:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">海量日志处理和并行计算<span style="color: black;">研发</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">分布式技术框架、中间件等 Dubbo、Spring Cloud 、Zookeeper 、Kfaka</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>分发技术CDN</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">...</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当然,这些都不是非常必要的。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>绝对是亮点!<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,你<span style="color: black;">能够</span>准备<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">基本</span>向的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>项目:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">网络库,可参考Muduo<span style="color: black;">或</span>Nginx实现</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">web服务器/http服务器,可实现基本的http响应请求和处理</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">简易版STL库,展现C++的综合代码能力</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">局域网聊天室<span style="color: black;">研发</span>,<span style="color: black;">触及</span>到网络编程实<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>线群聊</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">分布式日志系统</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">简易版数据库设计</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">可参考<span style="color: black;">有些</span>C++常用库,造<span style="color: black;">有些</span>轮子<span style="color: black;">或</span>做些有趣的小工具。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">...</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">总结</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在校园招聘中,对后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的面试大多还是针对候选人的计算机<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>学生在校内接触不到太多高并发高可用的服务场景,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>能上线的项目都很少,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>很难<span style="color: black;">需求</span>校招生能够真正具备后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>的能力。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>C++后台<span style="color: black;">研发</span>岗而言,对C++/Linux的充分<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>以及扎实的计算机<span style="color: black;">基本</span>和有<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的学习经历,就<span style="color: black;">已然</span>能够满足各大<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>了。当然<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有在<span style="color: black;">基本</span>架构分布式<span style="color: black;">研发</span>等方面的经验,就<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>各大厂抢手的香饽饽。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">本文所介绍的整体学习路线可覆盖绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>大厂的面试题目和考察范围,如今学习资料太多,<span style="color: black;">选取</span>路线清晰的适合自己的才最重要。资料不必多,能理解<span style="color: black;">把握</span>才是最关键的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">- EOF -</span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>阅读</span> <span style="color: black;">点击标题可<span style="color: black;">转</span></span>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、<a style="color: black;">“我花了 5 年时间编写自己的操作系统!”</a></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、<a style="color: black;">52 图初探 Linux 通用知识</a></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">看完</span><span style="color: black;">本文有收获?请分享给<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>人</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>关注「Linux <span style="color: black;">兴趣</span>者」,<span style="color: black;">提高</span>Linux技能</span></span></p>
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