m5k1umn 发表于 2024-8-4 10:29:18

热文回顾 | 超长型桁架式堆垛机的设计


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">文|罗伯泰克自动化科技(苏州)有限<span style="color: black;">机构</span></span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">周维存</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">摘 要:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">本文<span style="color: black;">重点</span>讲述一种用于桁架式钢结构货架间运输货物的堆垛机,此类堆垛机行走方向、伸叉方向与常规堆垛机<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,并且在货架顶部进行巷道更换,类似于行车,但具备堆垛机的水平取放货功能。此类堆垛机的金属结构宽度<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>大,载货台<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>宽,其运载的货物尺寸远超过<span style="color: black;">通常</span>托盘物料等常规货物,这类货物<span style="color: black;">运用</span>传统行车、<span style="color: black;">或</span>常规堆垛机<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span>满足取货<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>设计桁架式堆垛机<span style="color: black;">重点</span>用于船厂、钢管厂等货物超宽且横向<span style="color: black;">安置</span>的仓储系统中。本文采用有限元分析与项目试制验证的方式,<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>了桁架式堆垛机挠度过大、驱动轮偏差<span style="color: black;">区别</span>步等<span style="color: black;">原因</span>,设计了一种刚度较好、制作工艺简单的结构,达到了客户的<span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>,设备运行稳定<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">关键词</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:桁架式堆垛机、超宽堆垛机</span>&nbsp;</p><span style="color: black;">随着物流仓储行业的快速发展,各个行业对仓储效率、仓储智能化的需求日益<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">不只是现代化工业,传统行业如船厂、钢管厂等对自动化仓储<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的需求。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">这里</span>背景下,不管是传统的行车、还</span><span style="color: black;">是自动化程度较高的堆垛机,均<span style="color: black;">不可</span>完全满足运输该类货物的工况,<span style="color: black;">必须</span>非标定制专用设备。</span><span style="color: black;">该设备不仅<span style="color: black;">必须</span>满足传统行车的桁架式钢结构,以克服超宽货物带来的挠度过大问题,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>带有货叉的堆垛取放功能,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>融合两种设备的优点进行专用设备<span style="color: black;">研发</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">在铸造钢管、天然气管、型钢等生产企业,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>物料过长,占地空间<span style="color: black;">很强</span>,耗时耗力,储存物料困难。</span><span style="color: black;">该机型<span style="color: black;">能够</span>为这类特殊货物节约成本,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>存储效率,实现仓储自动化。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>设计特点与分析</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">常规堆垛机金属结构为上横梁、立柱、下横梁组合而成的金属框架,在巷道内水平运行,结构<span style="color: black;">通常</span>较为稳定。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>堆垛机<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">协同</span>常规托盘<span style="color: black;">运用</span>,其大致结构与尺寸大同小异。而桁架式<span style="color: black;">区别</span>于常规堆垛机,它的应用工况是在货架顶部进行水平运行,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>其金属结构无立柱,其框架结构<span style="color: black;">必须</span>融合上横梁、下横梁的功能,既要安装行走轮,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>安装起升链条卷筒,使其能够在货架顶部运行。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaxuWokO8DRYLmbvrCNMkKHXiabr24O7mToOOz8sLiamS3M1p8iacSM9GOA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaLIvXIiaUm4KpUicSSE3Y7aEP9yXMsnzTicZL00ocUdcOwmSYz1eVZsOLA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>钢管结构等货物的规格特殊,其长度<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>长,<span style="color: black;">已然</span>远远超过国际托盘的尺寸,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>将金属结构、载货台宽度加宽到十余米。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>框架、载货台的尺寸过宽,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>该结构静载挠度远大于常规堆垛机。在<span style="color: black;">研发</span>设计的过程中<span style="color: black;">必须</span>经过严格计算与软件分析,才能<span style="color: black;">保准</span>结构的刚度,防止挠度过大<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的取货偏差与运行问题。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">设计<span style="color: black;">制品</span>实施项目后,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>制作工艺与结构变形量与软件模拟还是存在<span style="color: black;">必定</span>区别。现场在安装设备时,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>横梁、载货台过宽,安装轨道时,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>距离较远,<span style="color: black;">测绘</span>工具<span style="color: black;">不可</span>满足<span style="color: black;">测绘</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>,只能<span style="color: black;">运用</span>激光测距,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>轨道的安装平行度。且<span style="color: black;">针对</span>货架的承重、安装精度要有较严格的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>结构设计</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">金属结构<span style="color: black;">重点</span>由槽钢、型钢、钢板、矩形管等焊接<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。金属框架主体结构<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>钢板焊合或槽钢焊接的开口断面,由钢板、方管焊接而成,焊接时严格<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>焊缝宽度及焊接件结构的垂直度、平行度,以<span style="color: black;">保准</span>整体结构安装尺寸。内部设有<span style="color: black;">海量</span>的工字钢加强筋,以<span style="color: black;">保准</span>整体结构的挠度和<span style="color: black;">运用</span>寿命。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在金属框架上设置有水平运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span>和起升运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span>,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>主动车轮、被动车轮、驱动电机、同步带轮组等。在金属框架上设有安装链条的导槽、支撑架等<span style="color: black;">公司</span>,<span style="color: black;">全部</span>金属结构设计优化<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>有限元分析模拟超长框架的挠度,再<span style="color: black;">经过</span>加强筋与焊接加强版进行加固。这种超长堆垛机用的起升<span style="color: black;">安装</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>由同步伺服电机、辅助导向轮组、集油盒<span style="color: black;">安装</span>、起升链条、导轨固定支架组、马达固定座、带座轴承、双排链轮、驱动轴、导轨、防护罩、弹簧<span style="color: black;">安装</span>及挡板<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIlia5dwibHq05Klqj0abd9zMiavEZCiaecHwMe3x492FM7NAfvibEdicV9s8EvA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIlia7XMnt0pHsibpPRGFAFNMOUzsjkYXKbNuJ7wxWfUvwGSZzQyMG8APlMw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">设计该结构的参数:载重500<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>,货架总高约8.2m,金属框架总宽度约17m。货物规格为8000mm~16200mm,货物宽度60mm~300mm。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">《JB/T7016-2003巷道堆垛起重机》规定:悬挂起重设备主梁的挠度容许值,其挠度值应不大于L/1500,L为堆垛机主梁总长=18000mm,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>理论刚度<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">少于</span>12mm。静态状态下时上横梁最大变形量为8.256mm<12mm,刚度符合<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaEzzV1OLffDyo1WYcr7RCraZMAibCiahCqWgWY79qB5kLQvV1agPnpFSA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaPTMicicnmwOhZRmpmjQaS63oO1vA7icFZb7U4uE5Hdx2GNWjOeDMkcvHw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">载货台<span style="color: black;">重点</span>由起升导向轮、金属框架等<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。载货台上装有存取货物的货叉伸缩<span style="color: black;">公司</span>,防止意外坠落的安全<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">安装</span>,以及用于距离和位置检测的开关等。<span style="color: black;">经过</span>起升<span style="color: black;">公司</span>的电动机使同步带上下移动,从而带动载货台沿立柱的垂直方向升降。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">设计输入:货物额定载荷M=500<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>;货叉自重M2=750<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>;水平框架承载F=ma=12000N。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">《JB/T7016-2003巷道堆垛起重机》规定:悬挂起重设备主梁的挠度容许值,其挠度值应不大于L/1500,L为载货台水平框架总长=16600mm,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>理论刚度<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">少于</span>11.067mm。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">静态状态下时上横梁最大变形量为9.176mm<11.067mm,刚度符合<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>驱动<span style="color: black;">公司</span>设计</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">堆垛机<span style="color: black;">经过</span>水平运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span>在巷道中运动,水平运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>两套主动车轮组、两套被动车轮组、双电机减速器、水平导向轮组、夹钩等。主动车轮与被动车轮置于地轨上,水平导向轮与地轨<span style="color: black;">协同</span>,使堆垛机能沿轨道运行,并且下横梁内侧还装有夹钩,防止堆垛机侧翻。被动车轮组中有调节<span style="color: black;">安装</span>,能自动<span style="color: black;">调节</span>车轮平行度。在地轨两头还设有聚氨酯缓冲器,在堆垛机接触时能够减少碰撞产生的冲击力。堆垛机运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span>电动机功率<span style="color: black;">选取</span>,除了<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>稳定运行的静功率外,还<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>克服移动质量和旋转质量所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的惯性载荷所需的加速功率。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaXx3QwQMXlnxyJbdqjT9HYWLUgtVxuO60FHLEHuTOkmmJ4eU70duwtA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaJfESksy9Qy2Hvt0ysWOmgHlSEfQe3KOStlzgwxeaTRV8IxVIMqgqhA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaWl6ZmWR2EoicKSoPJvmfSDnicxfqdDt6JEUZTyOAU4q2G1uUqm1HVnRw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">水平运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>动力驱动和主被动轮组<span style="color: black;">构成</span>,用于<span style="color: black;">全部</span>设备巷道方向的运行。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">选择</span>了德国SEW<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的螺旋伞齿轮直交轴电机减速机直接驱动车轮,质量<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>、<span style="color: black;">守护</span>方便、噪声低。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">运用</span>双电机驱动时<span style="color: black;">因为</span>设备两电机距离较远,钢结构刚度不足极可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>双电机运行<span style="color: black;">区别</span>步,<span style="color: black;">运用</span>西门子电机同步功能进行<span style="color: black;">纠正</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">保准</span>两电机输出轴转速与力矩保持一致。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">该桥式堆垛机设计的运行速度为30m/min,加速度为0.5m/s2。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">电动机的静功率:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">式中:——静功率(kW);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——堆垛机的运行速度(m/min);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——<span style="color: black;">公司</span>的总效率;设=0.8。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">加速时所需功率:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">载荷转矩:(单位为kW时,Nm为1450);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">载荷转动惯量:;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">带载加速功率:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">,a是平均加速度。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">电动机的制动力矩MB:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">式中:MB——制动力矩(Nm);ε——平均角加速度(rad/s2);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">∑J——<span style="color: black;">公司</span>旋转件的总转动惯量(<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>·m2);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">ML——负载力矩, (Nm);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——电动转速(r/min);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">JM——电动机的转动惯量(<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>·m2);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">JL——电动机轴上的等效转动惯量,(<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>·m2);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">tB——制动时间(s);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>Pm和MB,查看电机选型样册,初选电动机型号。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">减速器功率PJ:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Md——轮轴扭矩,(Nm);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——电机转速(r/min),;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">D——走轮直径(m);</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">——频率(Hz)</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">可查看电机选型样册,找出速比i和减速器功率PJ对应的减速器型号。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">将所选的减速器的i值带入反算额定速度,若额定速度>堆垛机水平运行速度,则符合设计<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,<span style="color: black;">选择</span>减速器型号,反之则重新<span style="color: black;">选择</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经负载功率与运行参数计算,<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>到设备宽度过长,<span style="color: black;">必须</span>双驱<span style="color: black;">起步</span>来<span style="color: black;">保准</span>运行的稳定,电机<span style="color: black;">选择</span>SEW<span style="color: black;">机构</span>KA87/DRL100L4BE伺服电机。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>金属结构的宽度过大,双电机驱动时,非常容易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>电机<span style="color: black;">区别</span>步的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,从而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>设备报警。设计采用西门子电机<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>程序,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>程序自优化功能改善驱动运行<span style="color: black;">区别</span>步<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的误差。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这种超长堆垛机用的起升<span style="color: black;">安装</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>由同步伺服电机、辅助导向轮组(1)、集油盒<span style="color: black;">安装</span>、起升链条、辅助导向轮组(2)、导轨固定支架组、马达固定座、带座轴承、双排链轮、驱动轴、导轨、防护罩、弹簧<span style="color: black;">安装</span>及挡板<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。柔性件分为链条和钢丝绳两种。链条传动的优点是承载能力大,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>自重大,有可能<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>断裂、安全性差。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">动作原理:起升过程,起升链条一端与载货台固定,一端挂在双排链轮上,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>载货台自重及货物重量,可使链条得到张紧,双排链轮另一端的起升链条为松弛状态,因起升链条自重,自由下垂,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>有双排两轮的齿形加持,起升链条在运行过程中不会存在跳齿现象,起升链条<span style="color: black;">经过</span>辅助导向轮组(1)进度导轨,因链条滚轮间隔设置,链条成段堆叠<span style="color: black;">自动</span>收集;下降过程,双排两轮带动链条向下释放,与载货台连接侧始终<span style="color: black;">处在</span>张紧状态,<span style="color: black;">本来</span>链轮松弛状态的链条<span style="color: black;">因为</span>辅助导向轮组(2)的导向,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>张紧状态,避免了链条的跳齿现象。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">链条设计采用滚子链,极限拉伸载荷不<span style="color: black;">少于</span>280kN,链条<span style="color: black;">牢靠</span>度<span style="color: black;">需求</span>小周和外链板、套筒和内链板均应链接<span style="color: black;">牢靠</span>,常规车辆<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下,测得链条两端的相对扭转<span style="color: black;">方向</span>不大于4°/m。链条铰链应灵活,滚子和边滚轮能在360°范围内自由转动,销轴两端铆合<span style="color: black;">牢靠</span><span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliagwm5HicFabsyVayFJvibw5yE03GsPSjzJL5CaI8IFrRmoFtKIpjPhDibg/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliapFBMohOIjUhy7F3ib9uTUyFlsGtvszBbQTWJbMR4clNYib31iaRt7dmwA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/9JBicKksEC7WQkDS2tDlahzuicyDEegIliaoeuEk0jkk7AJeXrGj5OKwCvZBYJBzFhp2HNQLHeWTw151rFd8MeJAQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1&amp;tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">该桥式堆垛机设计的起升速度为20m/min,加速度为0.5m/s2。经负载功率与运行参数计算,电机<span style="color: black;">选择</span>SEW<span style="color: black;">机构</span>KA127/DRL160M4伺服电机。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">货叉伸缩<span style="color: black;">公司</span>是堆垛机存取货物的执行<span style="color: black;">公司</span>,装设在载货台上。为减小巷道的宽度,且<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>足够的伸缩行程,本<span style="color: black;">公司</span>采用三级直线差动式伸缩货叉,由伸缩货叉(上)、伸缩货叉(中)、固定货叉及导向轮等<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">固定货叉安装在载货台上,固定货叉、伸缩货叉(中)、伸缩货叉(上)之间由链轮链条进行连接。电机减速器<span style="color: black;">经过</span>链轮由链条驱动链轮轴上的链轮,再由链轮轴上两个链轮带动链条、链条、链条驱动伸缩货叉(中)从固定货叉中点向左或向右伸缩时,又带动伸缩货叉(上)以三倍的速度进行伸缩。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>货物规格较宽<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>多套货叉取货,货叉之间<span style="color: black;">运用</span>万向联轴器进行串联,电机驱动<span style="color: black;">公司</span><span style="color: black;">起步</span>时货叉伸出,并借助联轴器牵引各个位置的货叉伸出取货。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>机电结合<span style="color: black;">安装</span>设计</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">堆垛机在巷道中运行时,依靠认址<span style="color: black;">安装</span>及限位<span style="color: black;">安装</span>来确定运行的相对距离与位置。在<span style="color: black;">这次</span>堆垛机设计中,采用<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>的激光测距认址进行位置判定,定位精度<span style="color: black;">达到</span>到±3mm。设备<span style="color: black;">外边</span>设有集电臂,采用滑触线供电。端部设有红外通讯<span style="color: black;">安装</span>,与金属框架的接受<span style="color: black;">安装</span>配套<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>货物,货位检测<span style="color: black;">安装</span>设有超高、超宽、外形坍塌、探测货物等多组传感器。使该设备能够<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>堆垛机完备的大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>功能。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">该设备<span style="color: black;">持有</span>链条断裂检测、<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>重检测功能,<span style="color: black;">运用</span>四个探测传感器对链条进行探测,当链条断裂时触发传感器报警,设备停止运行。链条固定杆下方安装有<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>重传感器,当载货质量超过额定载荷时,触发<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>重传感器报警。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5、</span>结论</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随着常规立库的需求<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>饱和,及较低的技术门槛,传统堆垛机<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>完全满足现代工业发展的<span style="color: black;">必须</span>, 特殊行业市场对特殊机型的堆垛机需求反而越来越多,尤其在钢材等行业, 设备所处的工作环境对效率的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>不是<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>高,但<span style="color: black;">需求</span>可用空间的利用率相对较高,且<span style="color: black;">传送</span>料件较长,因此<span style="color: black;">必须</span>一款超长又<span style="color: black;">能够</span>实现多条巷道共用特点的堆垛机。针对这些特殊需求,本文介绍的这款新机型桁架式堆垛机<span style="color: black;">能够</span>完全满足,在<span style="color: black;">保准</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>功能的前提下,完成超长型桁架式堆垛机的设计,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了仓储空间利用率。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">参考文献:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp; 吴双. 自动化立体仓库.2007(12).</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp; JB7016巷道堆垛起重机.2017.</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 张铁异,黎毓鹏,曹晓中.堆垛机运行<span style="color: black;">公司</span>电机的功率计算与<span style="color: black;">选取</span>确定.装备制造技术,2011(1).</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 胡万飞,张贺.巷道式堆垛机升降<span style="color: black;">公司</span>的设计.防护工程,2018(6).</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">END</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">战略合作</strong>
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