言语功能阻碍的原由及类型
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">言语<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>说话及表达的能力，是人类交流最基本的部分，<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">指的是</span><span style="color: black;">白话</span>。生活中<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>的言语<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>严重影响<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的正常生活，今天带<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>言语<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>知识。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images01/20240312/799d619e803249a490b03a1397067258.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">绥化万康<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>医院</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">什么是言语<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 言语<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>发音困难，嗓音产生困难，气流中断<span style="color: black;">或</span>言语的韵律<span style="color: black;">显现</span>困难，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>失语和构音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">言语功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.听觉<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">听觉对儿童的语言<span style="color: black;">生长</span>至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>儿童在语音<span style="color: black;">生长</span>过程中<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>存在声音语言的输入<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，则语言信息的接收（理解）和发出（表达）都会受到影响。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.构音器官的<span style="color: black;">反常</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">即构音器官的结构及功能<span style="color: black;">反常</span>，<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span>下颌、唇、舌等构音器官力量差、协调性差或活动范围小，这部分口齿不清的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>多伴有咀嚼功能差，吞咽差，爱吃软食，流口水等问题。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.精神<span style="color: black;">生长</span>迟滞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>智力<span style="color: black;">生长</span>迟缓，<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>的语言<span style="color: black;">生长</span>和智力<span style="color: black;">生长</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.儿童孤独症或谱系<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这类儿童<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>存在语言上的问题，如有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的语言<span style="color: black;">生长</span>迟缓、言语及非言语交流<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>、有与场合不符的自言自语、答非所问、人<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>代词的混乱<span style="color: black;">运用</span>、<span style="color: black;">无</span>抑扬顿挫的单调讲话方式等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.语言环境脱离</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">儿童<span style="color: black;">生长</span>的过程中被<span style="color: black;">掠夺</span>或脱离语言环境，如留守儿童、贫民窟居住的儿童或家长忙于家务或工作，没时间陪<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>玩，<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>电子<span style="color: black;">制品</span>（如:ipad、看动画片、缺少互动游戏）等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">言语功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>的类型</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.运动性构音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指的是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>神经肌肉病变<span style="color: black;">引起</span>构音器官的运动<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现：说话费力、发声和发音不清等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.功能性构音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>：指的是儿童产生的语音<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了替换、省略、添加<span style="color: black;">或</span>扭曲，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>儿童说话的清晰度落后于同龄人，他人难以听懂<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>说出的话。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现：说话不清楚、g d不分、n l不分、平翘舌音不分等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.器官结构<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的构音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>：指构音器官形态结构<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的构音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。器质性构音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>中65%见于儿童脑缺氧、脑<span style="color: black;">损害</span>、唇腭裂和嗓音<span style="color: black;">反常</span>等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现：<span style="color: black;">不可</span>说话、鼻音过重、发音不清。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.语音<span style="color: black;">生长</span>迟缓：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指儿童生长<span style="color: black;">生长</span>过程中其语言<span style="color: black;">生长</span>落后于<span style="color: black;">实质</span>年龄的状态。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现：不会说话、说话晚、发音不清等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.发声<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>（嗓音<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>）：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指的是个体嗓音在响度、音调、音质等声音基本特征方面的<span style="color: black;">反常</span>表现。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">响度<span style="color: black;">反常</span>：响度过强或过弱、响度单<span style="color: black;">1、</span>响度变化过大。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">音调<span style="color: black;">反常</span>：音调过高或过低、音调单一和音调变化过大。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">音质<span style="color: black;">反常</span>：说话声音嘶哑、发声困难、嗓音粗糙。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.口吃:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指言语的流畅性<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>表现:说话过程中被中断且伴有自愿 的语音、音节、单字或短语的重复，语速不由自主的过快或过慢。多伴有对特定社交情景的焦虑、紧张和恐惧<span style="color: black;">心情</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">显现</span>言语<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>进行<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>治疗，让<span style="color: black;">病人</span>最大限度的得到<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>，<span style="color: black;">早点</span>回归家庭与正常生活。<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回<span style="color: black;">外链论坛：http://www.fok120.com/</span>，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></span></a></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">责任编辑：网友投稿</span></p>
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