癌症到底是什么？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">根据</span>世界卫生组织的定义，癌症（Cancer），<span style="color: black;">也</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>恶性肿瘤（Malignant tumor<span style="color: black;">或</span>Malignant neoplasm），为由细胞生长<span style="color: black;">没</span>序增殖并侵入周遭正常组织<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>经由<span style="color: black;">身体</span>循环系统转移到身体其他部分的一组<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">并不是所有的肿瘤都是癌，癌<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>上皮细胞<span style="color: black;">源自</span>的肿瘤，良性肿瘤不会扩散到身体的其他部分。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，癌症都是悄悄<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的。<span style="color: black;">初期</span>，只是相对「<span style="color: black;">少许</span>」的癌细胞在作恶，并不会<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>症状，很容易被人忽略。<span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>症状后再<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">已然</span>是中晚期，这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是癌症「可怕」的一点。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症的病因<span style="color: black;">包含</span>内因和外因两个方面。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">内在<span style="color: black;">原由</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">01遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>大部分癌症都有遗传性，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>乳腺癌、胃癌、肠癌等，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>家族中有癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>后代患癌的几率就会<span style="color: black;">加强</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">02精神<span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心情</span>在<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度上会调控身<span style="color: black;">身体</span>分泌的正常水平，若果<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>郁闷、愤怒或抑郁等不良<span style="color: black;">心情</span>中，会使内分泌<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>，<span style="color: black;">没</span>形中<span style="color: black;">增多</span>患癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>甲状腺癌、卵巢癌、乳腺癌等癌症和内分泌失调<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>有很大关系。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">03免疫<span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span>都<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>抵抗力，这<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>于免疫系统<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">监测</span>和消灭癌细胞的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>有效的预防癌细胞的<span style="color: black;">反常</span>增殖与恶化。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>某些<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>免疫减弱，就会使人体<span style="color: black;">不可</span>有效并<span style="color: black;">即时</span>的清除<span style="color: black;">身体</span>癌细胞，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>抑癌和抗癌能力减弱<span style="color: black;">引起</span>癌症发病率<span style="color: black;">升高</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">04营养<span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">膳食</span>营养<span style="color: black;">平衡</span>是人体健康和<span style="color: black;">存活</span>的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">前提</span>之一，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>偏食或过于节制，都会使营养失衡，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>缺乏维生素、矿物质、纤维素和蛋白质等营养<span style="color: black;">成份</span>，<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>功能<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>，继而<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">05不良习惯</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">快节奏的生活使人们不注重健康<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>，不按时按点吃饭，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>狼吞虎咽，吃过烫的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>腌制、烧烤类<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>胃癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吸烟会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>肺癌、食管癌、喉癌等癌症发病率，还有久坐办公室，不爱运动，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">没</span>形中<span style="color: black;">增多</span>患癌的可能。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">外在<span style="color: black;">原由</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">01<span style="color: black;">理学</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触紫外线会<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>皮肤癌或黑色素瘤，<span style="color: black;">另一</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触X射线、γ射线等电离辐射，会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>染色体突变，激活癌症因子而增大患癌的几率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">02化学<span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">海量</span>化学物质<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>在人<span style="color: black;">身体</span>，<span style="color: black;">增多</span>患癌的几率。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>熏烤<span style="color: black;">食品</span>、机油、烟草在燃烧过程中释放的多环芳烃气体<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>致癌性，而<span style="color: black;">由于</span>工作关系<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触印染原料和橡胶制品的工人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会有患膀胱癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">另一</span>腌制<span style="color: black;">食品</span>中的亚硝胺类物质和霉变<span style="color: black;">食品</span>中的真菌毒素，会诱发胃癌、肝癌等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">03生物<span style="color: black;">原因</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">DNA病毒或RNA病毒入侵<span style="color: black;">身体</span>会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>机体患癌。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肝癌的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>和乙肝病毒<span style="color: black;">相关</span>，感染人类乳头状病毒会患子宫颈癌，T淋巴细胞性白血病毒和T淋巴细胞性白血病<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">患癌是一件可怕的事情，但细心的人可能会<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，人不可能<span style="color: black;">没</span>缘<span style="color: black;">没</span>故患癌，癌症的<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>和生活习惯密切<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span>养成良好的生活<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯，积极预防癌症的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>避免癌症找上你？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症虽然可怕，但它不是洪水猛兽，患上不等于被判处死刑。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">世界卫生组织认为，1/3癌症<span style="color: black;">能够</span>预防，1/3癌症<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>诊断<span style="color: black;">能够</span>治好，1/3癌症病人<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>有效的综合治疗<span style="color: black;">加强</span>生活质量，延长<span style="color: black;">存活</span>期。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在平时<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>这些部分：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">01<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>全面<span style="color: black;">平衡</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">平时除了<span style="color: black;">平衡</span>营养搭配、食用<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>的<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>蔬菜，戒烟限酒，还要少吃或不吃含有强致癌物的酒精饮料、槟榔、酸菜和腌制烟熏食品等，不喝致癌的过热饮品（高于65℃）。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">02生命在于运动</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">33%的癌症<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>人群中，食道癌、胰腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫癌、肾癌、乳腺癌更<span style="color: black;">喜爱</span><span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>一族，<span style="color: black;">过重</span>女性乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>20%-40%。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>运动、适当<span style="color: black;">瘦身</span>是有必要的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">03保持良好<span style="color: black;">心理</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤诊疗的新模式<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>肿瘤内科专家、外科专家、放疗专家、病理专家、放射专家、心理专家等<span style="color: black;">构成</span>多学科会诊，可见在综合治疗中，良好的<span style="color: black;">心理</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>占有一席之地。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>普通人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，保持良好心情有助抵抗<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">04接种癌症疫苗</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">曹漫明教授在回答<span style="color: black;">病人</span>问题时<span style="color: black;">说到</span>，乙肝、HPV病毒感染分别和肝癌、宫颈癌有密切联系。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>乙肝、HPV疫苗都<span style="color: black;">已然</span>上市，有<span style="color: black;">前提</span>的人群<span style="color: black;">能够</span>注射这两种疫苗来规避肝癌、宫颈癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">05<span style="color: black;">注意</span>防癌体检</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">我国大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>人尚<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">定时</span>体检、筛查的<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>癌症病人等<span style="color: black;">显现</span>症</p>
我深感你的理解与共鸣，愿对话长流。
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