即时通信软件解除外链屏蔽?公众好才是真的好
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/2b5d9e8c52d84ab0a9eef3f63c6bcdce~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1722988483&x-signature=veLeJEH0wCpW6S9WRLjO2cRgyoY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">9月9日下午,工业和信息化部召开了“屏蔽网址链接问题行政<span style="color: black;">指点</span>会”。会上,工信部提出<span style="color: black;">相关</span>即时通信软件的合规标准,<span style="color: black;">需求</span>9月17日前各平台必须按标准解除屏蔽,否则将依法采取处置<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">这项政策的出台<span style="color: black;">能够</span>追溯到两个月前。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">今年七月,工信部<span style="color: black;">起步</span>互联网行业专项整治行动。“在扰乱市场秩序方面,重点整治恶意屏蔽网址链接和干扰其他企业<span style="color: black;">制品</span>或服务运行等问题,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>无正当理由限制其他网址链接的正常<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>、实施<span style="color: black;">卑视</span>性屏蔽<span style="color: black;">办法</span>等场景”。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>多方<span style="color: black;">途径</span>的信息,此次执行细则,<span style="color: black;">触及</span>三个方面:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">针对</span>用户分享的同种类型<span style="color: black;">制品</span>或服务的网址链接,展示和<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>形式应保持一致”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>,处理短视频、电商的分享链接,必须一视同仁,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>只对自己的嫡系产品放行。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">二,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“用户在即时通信中发送和接收合法网址链接,点击链接后,在应用内以页面的形式直接打开”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>说的是合法网址,平台单方面以“用户投诉”之类理由封禁是不行的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">三,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">不可</span>对特定的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>或服务网址链接附加额外的操作<span style="color: black;">过程</span>,<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>用户手动复制连接后转至系统浏览器打开”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">第三点无需解释,<span style="color: black;">大众</span>都懂。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">结合七月份工信部专项整治行动的重点整治对象,以及“旨在引导形成开放互通、安全有序的市场环境,推动行业规范健康高质量发展”的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>,以上的执行细则并不令人意外,剩下的只是落地实施。中国互联网巨头修墙挖沟的历史,大概是要终结了。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">当然,这种时刻,<span style="color: black;">按例</span>会有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>噪音。有些<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>、专家<span style="color: black;">起始</span>担心<span style="color: black;">这般</span>会破坏用户体验、滋生骚扰诈骗。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">说来<span style="color: black;">亦</span>怪,淘宝、抖音<span style="color: black;">没法</span>在<span style="color: black;">微X</span>中正常<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>的时候,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>不惊诧;拼多多砍一刀、美团领红包满天飞,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>不惊诧;骗子挖空心思从各个平台把用户导流到<span style="color: black;">微X</span>上转账,<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>不惊诧。国家出手,整治扰乱市场秩序的企业和<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,刚有了一点<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>就惊诧了。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">先谈谈我对用户体验和骚扰诈骗的理解。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">即时通信软件的用户体验和其他<span style="color: black;">制品</span>不太<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,核心<span style="color: black;">原因</span>在于用户本身。一条<span style="color: black;">一样</span>的纯文字<span style="color: black;">信息</span>,发送给<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的好友,对方的体验<span style="color: black;">能够</span>完全<span style="color: black;">区别</span>。不信你<span style="color: black;">能够</span>群发一条荤段子试试,对方的体验<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>,取决于对方与你的关系,以及TA是<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的人。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一样</span>的,符合当下<span style="color: black;">微X</span>规则,内容中规中矩的文字、<span style="color: black;">照片</span>、公众号内容,密度大了<span style="color: black;">一样</span>未必令人愉悦。<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人几乎都有个家族群,名字<span style="color: black;">一般</span>会叫“相亲相爱一家人”,充斥着<span style="color: black;">各样</span>养生、阴谋论<span style="color: black;">文案</span>和中老年表情包,<span style="color: black;">青年</span>人在里边体验会好吗?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">即时通信软件的用户体验,决定<span style="color: black;">原因</span>是关系链质量、信息质量和认知水平。退出<span style="color: black;">有些</span>不知<span style="color: black;">所说</span>的群,删掉<span style="color: black;">有些</span>隔三差五让你砍一刀的好友,你的用户体验肯定直线<span style="color: black;">提升</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">并且,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>用户<span style="color: black;">能够</span>直接在<span style="color: black;">微X</span>链接中,完成淘宝下单、抖音的短视频浏览,有多少用户还有动力去下载独立App?屏蔽链接<span style="color: black;">引起</span>用户必须下载相应App<span style="color: black;">才可</span>完成操作,浪<span style="color: black;">花费</span>户的时间和存储资源,本质上是损害了用户体验和利益。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">至于诈骗这个事,更<span style="color: black;">不该</span>该<span style="color: black;">作为</span>差异化屏蔽竞争对手外链的理由。各大平台都有自己的治理体系,内容合法合规的<span style="color: black;">外边</span>知名<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,和诈骗怎么能扯上关系呢?<span style="color: black;">大众</span>各自治理好自己的平台,别把诈骗的锅往外甩,何况骗子最中意的还是让你加<span style="color: black;">微X</span>,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>你<span style="color: black;">上当</span>了钱,连个人工客服<span style="color: black;">tel</span>都打不通。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>平台认为,自己有责任替用户判断,<span style="color: black;">那些</span>链接会<span style="color: black;">形成</span>骚扰、<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">上当</span>,<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着,剩下的链接都是经过平台筛选和审核过的,用户被骚扰<span style="color: black;">上当</span>后,平台<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应承担<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的责任?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">我<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>想提一句,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>家里的老年人,多<span style="color: black;">有些</span>关心和<span style="color: black;">陪同</span>比什么都强,<span style="color: black;">否则</span>骗子嘴甜,一口一个叔叔阿姨,嘘寒问暖的就把老人忽悠了。平时<span style="color: black;">重视</span>加强家人的安全知识的学习和教育,<span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>给<span style="color: black;">她们</span>下载个国家反诈App<span style="color: black;">吗</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">而<span style="color: black;">制品</span>竞争和<span style="color: black;">商场</span>层面,屏蔽这个事有时候是会弄巧成拙的。以抖音为例,2018年3月被<span style="color: black;">微X</span>屏蔽后,不到半年日活用户超过快手,如今日活<span style="color: black;">已经是</span>后者的两倍有余。用户对短视频服务有<span style="color: black;">需要</span>,<span style="color: black;">微X</span>里满足不了,就只好去下载独立App了。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">当然,屏蔽是一种<span style="color: black;">商场</span>竞争手段,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>很奏效,这<span style="color: black;">已然</span>是不争的阳谋了。当年打车大战,滴滴的红包<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在<span style="color: black;">微X</span>中畅通无阻,而快的和优步却举步维艰;至于后来的拼多多,虽然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>因违规遭遇过<span style="color: black;">微X</span>局部封禁,但并非淘宝式的一刀切。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的屏蔽链接,扭曲了市场竞争秩序,让互联网行业变得更加赢者通吃,强化了用户和平台的绑定,限制了用户的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>自由,把用户变成平台的奴隶。这让互联网<span style="color: black;">机构</span>都更致力于流量经济,把平台做大,用户量做多,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>用<span style="color: black;">各样</span>方式来变现——反正你只能在我的平台上<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">从价值导向上,屏蔽<span style="color: black;">引起</span>互联网企业更追求规模,而不是产品和服务的质量。<span style="color: black;">把握</span>了流量<span style="color: black;">途径</span>的平台,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>屏蔽限制竞争对手,新兴的中小企业更难突围。屏蔽和开放的权力<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">把握</span>在平台手中,会让中小企业的发展更难独立,更依赖平台,<span style="color: black;">最后</span>要么死去,要么只能接受投资<span style="color: black;">或</span>收购。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">与之相反,平台一旦解除屏蔽、开放互通,用户的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>就会<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>,能够进入行业、参与竞争的企业<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>。为了赢得用户和流量,<span style="color: black;">各样</span>中小企业会<span style="color: black;">持续</span>自我<span style="color: black;">提高</span>、<span style="color: black;">持续</span>创新,<span style="color: black;">特别有</span>可能逐步成长为大型企业<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>头部企业。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">正是出于<span style="color: black;">以上</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>,各个国家和地区的政府监管<span style="color: black;">分部</span>,近年来都在<span style="color: black;">经过</span>立法,防止头部平台利用规模<span style="color: black;">优良</span>,对竞品和后来者进行打压和<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">欧盟的《数字市场法》<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>守门人特征的企业,不得禁止用户链接到守门人企业所属平台之外的企业,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>妨碍用户实现多归属性。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2021年1月19日,德国《反限制竞争法》第十次修订法案正式生效,第19a条为"对竞争有至关重要跨市场影响的经营者的<span style="color: black;">乱用</span><span style="color: black;">行径</span>"法条。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">而针对工信部此次整治行动,中国信息通信<span style="color: black;">科研</span>院政策与经济<span style="color: black;">科研</span>所监管<span style="color: black;">科研</span>部<span style="color: black;">专家</span>李强治认为,工信部从不兼容、互联互通视角出发去<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>,是对互联网基本精神的一种回归。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">从<span style="color: black;">商场</span>道德、行业惯例<span style="color: black;">方向</span>来看,李强治<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>,国外互联网巨头之间很少限制用户的互相转发,<span style="color: black;">或</span>实施网址屏蔽的<span style="color: black;">行径</span>。国外<span style="color: black;">重点</span>视频服务<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在Facebook上自由转发。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">总之,无论从用户体验、<span style="color: black;">制品</span>竞争和监管<span style="color: black;">方向</span>,即时通信软件解除外链屏蔽,是大势所趋。在这个过程中谈<span style="color: black;">危害</span>,往好了说是杞人忧天,往坏了说是别有用心。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">监管<span style="color: black;">分部</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>的是平台一视同仁,而非削弱正常的平台治理工作。对任何平台,<span style="color: black;">危害</span>是始终存在的,并不因解除屏蔽而扩大,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不因屏蔽而消失。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">我在以前的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>里说过,中国互联网,<span style="color: black;">微X</span>已然是<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">设备</span>,地位如同宇宙的尽头。宇宙的尽头,应该是互联互通,而不是挟流量以令天下形成的黑洞。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">判官:资深<span style="color: black;">制品</span>经理,虎嗅2017、2019年度作者</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">著有《<span style="color: black;">制品</span>觉醒》一书</span></span></p>
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